A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 923 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.7p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £789, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1846 kWh | 738 kWh | 1108 kWh | £205 | £111 | £315 | £4,069 | 12.9 yrs | £2,239 |
| 3 kW | 2769 kWh | 1108 kWh | 1661 kWh | £307 | £166 | £473 | £6,104 | 12.9 yrs | £3,359 |
| 4 kW | 3692 kWh | 1477 kWh | 2215 kWh | £409 | £222 | £631 | £8,138 | 12.9 yrs | £4,479 |
| 5 kW | 4615 kWh | 1846 kWh | 2769 kWh | £512 | £277 | £789 | £10,173 | 12.9 yrs | £5,599 |
| 6 kW | 5538 kWh | 2215 kWh | 3323 kWh | £614 | £332 | £946 | £12,207 | 12.9 yrs | £6,718 |
| 7 kW | 6461 kWh | 2584 kWh | 3876 kWh | £716 | £388 | £1,104 | £14,242 | 12.9 yrs | £7,838 |
| 8 kW | 7384 kWh | 2953 kWh | 4430 kWh | £819 | £443 | £1,262 | £16,276 | 12.9 yrs | £8,958 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £952, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1846 kWh | 1108 kWh | 738 kWh | £307 | £74 | £381 | £6,169 | 16.2 yrs | £1,448 |
| 3 kW | 2769 kWh | 1661 kWh | 1108 kWh | £461 | £111 | £571 | £8,204 | 14.4 yrs | £3,222 |
| 4 kW | 3692 kWh | 2215 kWh | 1477 kWh | £614 | £148 | £762 | £10,238 | 13.4 yrs | £4,996 |
| 5 kW | 4615 kWh | 2769 kWh | 1846 kWh | £768 | £185 | £952 | £12,273 | 12.9 yrs | £6,770 |
| 6 kW | 5538 kWh | 3323 kWh | 2215 kWh | £921 | £222 | £1,143 | £14,307 | 12.5 yrs | £8,543 |
| 7 kW | 6461 kWh | 3876 kWh | 2584 kWh | £1,075 | £258 | £1,333 | £16,342 | 12.3 yrs | £10,317 |
| 8 kW | 7384 kWh | 4430 kWh | 2953 kWh | £1,228 | £295 | £1,523 | £18,376 | 12.1 yrs | £12,091 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,034, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1846 kWh | 1292 kWh | 554 kWh | £358 | £55 | £414 | £7,569 | 18.3 yrs | £702 |
| 3 kW | 2769 kWh | 1938 kWh | 831 kWh | £537 | £83 | £620 | £9,604 | 15.5 yrs | £2,803 |
| 4 kW | 3692 kWh | 2584 kWh | 1108 kWh | £716 | £111 | £827 | £11,638 | 14.1 yrs | £4,904 |
| 5 kW | 4615 kWh | 3230 kWh | 1384 kWh | £895 | £138 | £1,034 | £13,673 | 13.2 yrs | £7,005 |
| 6 kW | 5538 kWh | 3876 kWh | 1661 kWh | £1,075 | £166 | £1,241 | £15,707 | 12.7 yrs | £9,106 |
| 7 kW | 6461 kWh | 4522 kWh | 1938 kWh | £1,254 | £194 | £1,447 | £17,742 | 12.3 yrs | £11,207 |
| 8 kW | 7384 kWh | 5168 kWh | 2215 kWh | £1,433 | £222 | £1,654 | £19,776 | 12.0 yrs | £13,308 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,058, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1846 kWh | 1347 kWh | 498 kWh | £374 | £50 | £423 | £9,319 | 22.0 yrs | £-852 |
| 3 kW | 2769 kWh | 2021 kWh | 748 kWh | £560 | £75 | £635 | £11,354 | 17.9 yrs | £1,347 |
| 4 kW | 3692 kWh | 2695 kWh | 997 kWh | £747 | £100 | £847 | £13,388 | 15.8 yrs | £3,547 |
| 5 kW | 4615 kWh | 3369 kWh | 1246 kWh | £934 | £125 | £1,058 | £15,423 | 14.6 yrs | £5,746 |
| 6 kW | 5538 kWh | 4042 kWh | 1495 kWh | £1,121 | £150 | £1,270 | £17,457 | 13.7 yrs | £7,945 |
| 7 kW | 6461 kWh | 4716 kWh | 1744 kWh | £1,307 | £174 | £1,482 | £19,492 | 13.2 yrs | £10,144 |
| 8 kW | 7384 kWh | 5390 kWh | 1994 kWh | £1,494 | £199 | £1,693 | £21,526 | 12.7 yrs | £12,343 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,075, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1846 kWh | 1384 kWh | 461 kWh | £384 | £46 | £430 | £11,069 | 25.7 yrs | £-2,471 |
| 3 kW | 2769 kWh | 2077 kWh | 692 kWh | £576 | £69 | £645 | £13,104 | 20.3 yrs | £-206 |
| 4 kW | 3692 kWh | 2769 kWh | 923 kWh | £768 | £92 | £860 | £15,138 | 17.6 yrs | £2,058 |
| 5 kW | 4615 kWh | 3461 kWh | 1154 kWh | £959 | £115 | £1,075 | £17,173 | 16.0 yrs | £4,323 |
| 6 kW | 5538 kWh | 4153 kWh | 1384 kWh | £1,151 | £138 | £1,290 | £19,207 | 14.9 yrs | £6,587 |
| 7 kW | 6461 kWh | 4845 kWh | 1615 kWh | £1,343 | £162 | £1,505 | £21,242 | 14.1 yrs | £8,852 |
| 8 kW | 7384 kWh | 5538 kWh | 1846 kWh | £1,535 | £185 | £1,720 | £23,276 | 13.5 yrs | £11,116 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,091, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1846 kWh | 1421 kWh | 425 kWh | £394 | £42 | £436 | £13,519 | 31.0 yrs | £-4,790 |
| 3 kW | 2769 kWh | 2132 kWh | 637 kWh | £591 | £64 | £655 | £15,554 | 23.8 yrs | £-2,460 |
| 4 kW | 3692 kWh | 2843 kWh | 849 kWh | £788 | £85 | £873 | £17,588 | 20.1 yrs | £-130 |
| 5 kW | 4615 kWh | 3553 kWh | 1061 kWh | £985 | £106 | £1,091 | £19,623 | 18.0 yrs | £2,200 |
| 6 kW | 5538 kWh | 4264 kWh | 1274 kWh | £1,182 | £127 | £1,309 | £21,657 | 16.5 yrs | £4,530 |
| 7 kW | 6461 kWh | 4975 kWh | 1486 kWh | £1,379 | £149 | £1,528 | £23,692 | 15.5 yrs | £6,860 |
| 8 kW | 7384 kWh | 5685 kWh | 1698 kWh | £1,576 | £170 | £1,746 | £25,726 | 14.7 yrs | £9,190 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.