A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 926 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.7p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £791, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1852 kWh | 741 kWh | 1111 kWh | £205 | £111 | £316 | £4,069 | 12.9 yrs | £2,259 |
| 3 kW | 2778 kWh | 1111 kWh | 1667 kWh | £308 | £167 | £475 | £6,104 | 12.9 yrs | £3,389 |
| 4 kW | 3703 kWh | 1481 kWh | 2222 kWh | £411 | £222 | £633 | £8,138 | 12.9 yrs | £4,519 |
| 5 kW | 4629 kWh | 1852 kWh | 2778 kWh | £513 | £278 | £791 | £10,173 | 12.9 yrs | £5,648 |
| 6 kW | 5555 kWh | 2222 kWh | 3333 kWh | £616 | £333 | £949 | £12,207 | 12.9 yrs | £6,778 |
| 7 kW | 6481 kWh | 2592 kWh | 3889 kWh | £719 | £389 | £1,107 | £14,242 | 12.9 yrs | £7,908 |
| 8 kW | 7407 kWh | 2963 kWh | 4444 kWh | £821 | £444 | £1,266 | £16,276 | 12.9 yrs | £9,037 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £955, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1852 kWh | 1111 kWh | 741 kWh | £308 | £74 | £382 | £6,169 | 16.1 yrs | £1,472 |
| 3 kW | 2778 kWh | 1667 kWh | 1111 kWh | £462 | £111 | £573 | £8,204 | 14.3 yrs | £3,258 |
| 4 kW | 3703 kWh | 2222 kWh | 1481 kWh | £616 | £148 | £764 | £10,238 | 13.4 yrs | £5,044 |
| 5 kW | 4629 kWh | 2778 kWh | 1852 kWh | £770 | £185 | £955 | £12,273 | 12.8 yrs | £6,830 |
| 6 kW | 5555 kWh | 3333 kWh | 2222 kWh | £924 | £222 | £1,146 | £14,307 | 12.5 yrs | £8,616 |
| 7 kW | 6481 kWh | 3889 kWh | 2592 kWh | £1,078 | £259 | £1,337 | £16,342 | 12.2 yrs | £10,401 |
| 8 kW | 7407 kWh | 4444 kWh | 2963 kWh | £1,232 | £296 | £1,528 | £18,376 | 12.0 yrs | £12,187 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,037, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1852 kWh | 1296 kWh | 556 kWh | £359 | £56 | £415 | £7,569 | 18.2 yrs | £728 |
| 3 kW | 2778 kWh | 1944 kWh | 833 kWh | £539 | £83 | £622 | £9,604 | 15.4 yrs | £2,842 |
| 4 kW | 3703 kWh | 2592 kWh | 1111 kWh | £719 | £111 | £830 | £11,638 | 14.0 yrs | £4,956 |
| 5 kW | 4629 kWh | 3240 kWh | 1389 kWh | £898 | £139 | £1,037 | £13,673 | 13.2 yrs | £7,070 |
| 6 kW | 5555 kWh | 3889 kWh | 1667 kWh | £1,078 | £167 | £1,245 | £15,707 | 12.6 yrs | £9,184 |
| 7 kW | 6481 kWh | 4537 kWh | 1944 kWh | £1,258 | £194 | £1,452 | £17,742 | 12.2 yrs | £11,298 |
| 8 kW | 7407 kWh | 5185 kWh | 2222 kWh | £1,437 | £222 | £1,659 | £19,776 | 11.9 yrs | £13,412 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,062, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1852 kWh | 1352 kWh | 500 kWh | £375 | £50 | £425 | £9,319 | 21.9 yrs | £-825 |
| 3 kW | 2778 kWh | 2028 kWh | 750 kWh | £562 | £75 | £637 | £11,354 | 17.8 yrs | £1,387 |
| 4 kW | 3703 kWh | 2703 kWh | 1000 kWh | £749 | £100 | £849 | £13,388 | 15.8 yrs | £3,600 |
| 5 kW | 4629 kWh | 3379 kWh | 1250 kWh | £937 | £125 | £1,062 | £15,423 | 14.5 yrs | £5,812 |
| 6 kW | 5555 kWh | 4055 kWh | 1500 kWh | £1,124 | £150 | £1,274 | £17,457 | 13.7 yrs | £8,025 |
| 7 kW | 6481 kWh | 4731 kWh | 1750 kWh | £1,311 | £175 | £1,486 | £19,492 | 13.1 yrs | £10,237 |
| 8 kW | 7407 kWh | 5407 kWh | 2000 kWh | £1,499 | £200 | £1,699 | £21,526 | 12.7 yrs | £12,450 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,078, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1852 kWh | 1389 kWh | 463 kWh | £385 | £46 | £431 | £11,069 | 25.7 yrs | £-2,444 |
| 3 kW | 2778 kWh | 2083 kWh | 694 kWh | £577 | £69 | £647 | £13,104 | 20.3 yrs | £-166 |
| 4 kW | 3703 kWh | 2778 kWh | 926 kWh | £770 | £93 | £863 | £15,138 | 17.6 yrs | £2,112 |
| 5 kW | 4629 kWh | 3472 kWh | 1157 kWh | £962 | £116 | £1,078 | £17,173 | 15.9 yrs | £4,390 |
| 6 kW | 5555 kWh | 4166 kWh | 1389 kWh | £1,155 | £139 | £1,294 | £19,207 | 14.8 yrs | £6,669 |
| 7 kW | 6481 kWh | 4861 kWh | 1620 kWh | £1,347 | £162 | £1,509 | £21,242 | 14.1 yrs | £8,947 |
| 8 kW | 7407 kWh | 5555 kWh | 1852 kWh | £1,540 | £185 | £1,725 | £23,276 | 13.5 yrs | £11,225 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,095, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1852 kWh | 1426 kWh | 426 kWh | £395 | £43 | £438 | £13,519 | 30.9 yrs | £-4,763 |
| 3 kW | 2778 kWh | 2139 kWh | 639 kWh | £593 | £64 | £657 | £15,554 | 23.7 yrs | £-2,419 |
| 4 kW | 3703 kWh | 2852 kWh | 852 kWh | £790 | £85 | £876 | £17,588 | 20.1 yrs | £-75 |
| 5 kW | 4629 kWh | 3565 kWh | 1065 kWh | £988 | £106 | £1,095 | £19,623 | 17.9 yrs | £2,269 |
| 6 kW | 5555 kWh | 4277 kWh | 1278 kWh | £1,186 | £128 | £1,313 | £21,657 | 16.5 yrs | £4,612 |
| 7 kW | 6481 kWh | 4990 kWh | 1491 kWh | £1,383 | £149 | £1,532 | £23,692 | 15.5 yrs | £6,956 |
| 8 kW | 7407 kWh | 5703 kWh | 1704 kWh | £1,581 | £170 | £1,751 | £25,726 | 14.7 yrs | £9,300 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.