A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 903 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.7p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £771, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1806 kWh | 722 kWh | 1084 kWh | £200 | £108 | £309 | £4,069 | 13.2 yrs | £2,103 |
| 3 kW | 2709 kWh | 1084 kWh | 1625 kWh | £300 | £163 | £463 | £6,104 | 13.2 yrs | £3,154 |
| 4 kW | 3612 kWh | 1445 kWh | 2167 kWh | £400 | £217 | £617 | £8,138 | 13.2 yrs | £4,205 |
| 5 kW | 4515 kWh | 1806 kWh | 2709 kWh | £501 | £271 | £771 | £10,173 | 13.2 yrs | £5,257 |
| 6 kW | 5418 kWh | 2167 kWh | 3251 kWh | £601 | £325 | £926 | £12,207 | 13.2 yrs | £6,308 |
| 7 kW | 6320 kWh | 2528 kWh | 3792 kWh | £701 | £379 | £1,080 | £14,242 | 13.2 yrs | £7,359 |
| 8 kW | 7223 kWh | 2889 kWh | 4334 kWh | £801 | £433 | £1,234 | £16,276 | 13.2 yrs | £8,410 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £931, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1806 kWh | 1084 kWh | 722 kWh | £300 | £72 | £373 | £6,169 | 16.6 yrs | £1,283 |
| 3 kW | 2709 kWh | 1625 kWh | 1084 kWh | £451 | £108 | £559 | £8,204 | 14.7 yrs | £2,974 |
| 4 kW | 3612 kWh | 2167 kWh | 1445 kWh | £601 | £144 | £745 | £10,238 | 13.7 yrs | £4,665 |
| 5 kW | 4515 kWh | 2709 kWh | 1806 kWh | £751 | £181 | £931 | £12,273 | 13.2 yrs | £6,356 |
| 6 kW | 5418 kWh | 3251 kWh | 2167 kWh | £901 | £217 | £1,118 | £14,307 | 12.8 yrs | £8,048 |
| 7 kW | 6320 kWh | 3792 kWh | 2528 kWh | £1,051 | £253 | £1,304 | £16,342 | 12.5 yrs | £9,739 |
| 8 kW | 7223 kWh | 4334 kWh | 2889 kWh | £1,201 | £289 | £1,490 | £18,376 | 12.3 yrs | £11,430 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,011, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1806 kWh | 1264 kWh | 542 kWh | £350 | £54 | £405 | £7,569 | 18.7 yrs | £523 |
| 3 kW | 2709 kWh | 1896 kWh | 813 kWh | £526 | £81 | £607 | £9,604 | 15.8 yrs | £2,534 |
| 4 kW | 3612 kWh | 2528 kWh | 1084 kWh | £701 | £108 | £809 | £11,638 | 14.4 yrs | £4,545 |
| 5 kW | 4515 kWh | 3160 kWh | 1354 kWh | £876 | £135 | £1,011 | £13,673 | 13.5 yrs | £6,556 |
| 6 kW | 5418 kWh | 3792 kWh | 1625 kWh | £1,051 | £163 | £1,214 | £15,707 | 12.9 yrs | £8,568 |
| 7 kW | 6320 kWh | 4424 kWh | 1896 kWh | £1,226 | £190 | £1,416 | £17,742 | 12.5 yrs | £10,579 |
| 8 kW | 7223 kWh | 5056 kWh | 2167 kWh | £1,402 | £217 | £1,618 | £19,776 | 12.2 yrs | £12,590 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,035, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1806 kWh | 1318 kWh | 488 kWh | £365 | £49 | £414 | £9,319 | 22.5 yrs | £-1,035 |
| 3 kW | 2709 kWh | 1977 kWh | 731 kWh | £548 | £73 | £621 | £11,354 | 18.3 yrs | £1,072 |
| 4 kW | 3612 kWh | 2637 kWh | 975 kWh | £731 | £98 | £828 | £13,388 | 16.2 yrs | £3,179 |
| 5 kW | 4515 kWh | 3296 kWh | 1219 kWh | £914 | £122 | £1,035 | £15,423 | 14.9 yrs | £5,286 |
| 6 kW | 5418 kWh | 3955 kWh | 1463 kWh | £1,096 | £146 | £1,243 | £17,457 | 14.0 yrs | £7,394 |
| 7 kW | 6320 kWh | 4614 kWh | 1707 kWh | £1,279 | £171 | £1,450 | £19,492 | 13.4 yrs | £9,501 |
| 8 kW | 7223 kWh | 5273 kWh | 1950 kWh | £1,462 | £195 | £1,657 | £21,526 | 13.0 yrs | £11,608 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,051, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1806 kWh | 1354 kWh | 451 kWh | £375 | £45 | £421 | £11,069 | 26.3 yrs | £-2,657 |
| 3 kW | 2709 kWh | 2032 kWh | 677 kWh | £563 | £68 | £631 | £13,104 | 20.8 yrs | £-486 |
| 4 kW | 3612 kWh | 2709 kWh | 903 kWh | £751 | £90 | £841 | £15,138 | 18.0 yrs | £1,685 |
| 5 kW | 4515 kWh | 3386 kWh | 1129 kWh | £939 | £113 | £1,051 | £17,173 | 16.3 yrs | £3,856 |
| 6 kW | 5418 kWh | 4063 kWh | 1354 kWh | £1,126 | £135 | £1,262 | £19,207 | 15.2 yrs | £6,028 |
| 7 kW | 6320 kWh | 4740 kWh | 1580 kWh | £1,314 | £158 | £1,472 | £21,242 | 14.4 yrs | £8,199 |
| 8 kW | 7223 kWh | 5418 kWh | 1806 kWh | £1,502 | £181 | £1,682 | £23,276 | 13.8 yrs | £10,370 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,067, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1806 kWh | 1390 kWh | 415 kWh | £385 | £42 | £427 | £13,519 | 31.7 yrs | £-4,979 |
| 3 kW | 2709 kWh | 2086 kWh | 623 kWh | £578 | £62 | £640 | £15,554 | 24.3 yrs | £-2,744 |
| 4 kW | 3612 kWh | 2781 kWh | 831 kWh | £771 | £83 | £854 | £17,588 | 20.6 yrs | £-509 |
| 5 kW | 4515 kWh | 3476 kWh | 1038 kWh | £964 | £104 | £1,067 | £19,623 | 18.4 yrs | £1,726 |
| 6 kW | 5418 kWh | 4171 kWh | 1246 kWh | £1,156 | £125 | £1,281 | £21,657 | 16.9 yrs | £3,962 |
| 7 kW | 6320 kWh | 4867 kWh | 1454 kWh | £1,349 | £145 | £1,494 | £23,692 | 15.9 yrs | £6,197 |
| 8 kW | 7223 kWh | 5562 kWh | 1661 kWh | £1,542 | £166 | £1,708 | £25,726 | 15.1 yrs | £8,432 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.