A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 961 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £780, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1923 kWh | 769 kWh | 1154 kWh | £197 | £115 | £312 | £4,069 | 13.0 yrs | £2,168 |
| 3 kW | 2884 kWh | 1154 kWh | 1730 kWh | £295 | £173 | £468 | £6,104 | 13.0 yrs | £3,253 |
| 4 kW | 3846 kWh | 1538 kWh | 2307 kWh | £393 | £231 | £624 | £8,138 | 13.0 yrs | £4,337 |
| 5 kW | 4807 kWh | 1923 kWh | 2884 kWh | £491 | £288 | £780 | £10,173 | 13.0 yrs | £5,421 |
| 6 kW | 5768 kWh | 2307 kWh | 3461 kWh | £590 | £346 | £936 | £12,207 | 13.0 yrs | £6,505 |
| 7 kW | 6730 kWh | 2692 kWh | 4038 kWh | £688 | £404 | £1,092 | £14,242 | 13.0 yrs | £7,589 |
| 8 kW | 7691 kWh | 3076 kWh | 4615 kWh | £786 | £461 | £1,247 | £16,276 | 13.0 yrs | £8,674 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £929, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1923 kWh | 1154 kWh | 769 kWh | £295 | £77 | £372 | £6,169 | 16.6 yrs | £1,264 |
| 3 kW | 2884 kWh | 1730 kWh | 1154 kWh | £442 | £115 | £558 | £8,204 | 14.7 yrs | £2,947 |
| 4 kW | 3846 kWh | 2307 kWh | 1538 kWh | £590 | £154 | £743 | £10,238 | 13.8 yrs | £4,629 |
| 5 kW | 4807 kWh | 2884 kWh | 1923 kWh | £737 | £192 | £929 | £12,273 | 13.2 yrs | £6,311 |
| 6 kW | 5768 kWh | 3461 kWh | 2307 kWh | £884 | £231 | £1,115 | £14,307 | 12.8 yrs | £7,993 |
| 7 kW | 6730 kWh | 4038 kWh | 2692 kWh | £1,032 | £269 | £1,301 | £16,342 | 12.6 yrs | £9,675 |
| 8 kW | 7691 kWh | 4615 kWh | 3076 kWh | £1,179 | £308 | £1,487 | £18,376 | 12.4 yrs | £11,357 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,004, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1923 kWh | 1346 kWh | 577 kWh | £344 | £58 | £402 | £7,569 | 18.8 yrs | £462 |
| 3 kW | 2884 kWh | 2019 kWh | 865 kWh | £516 | £87 | £602 | £9,604 | 15.9 yrs | £2,444 |
| 4 kW | 3846 kWh | 2692 kWh | 1154 kWh | £688 | £115 | £803 | £11,638 | 14.5 yrs | £4,425 |
| 5 kW | 4807 kWh | 3365 kWh | 1442 kWh | £860 | £144 | £1,004 | £13,673 | 13.6 yrs | £6,406 |
| 6 kW | 5768 kWh | 4038 kWh | 1730 kWh | £1,032 | £173 | £1,205 | £15,707 | 13.0 yrs | £8,387 |
| 7 kW | 6730 kWh | 4711 kWh | 2019 kWh | £1,204 | £202 | £1,405 | £17,742 | 12.6 yrs | £10,368 |
| 8 kW | 7691 kWh | 5384 kWh | 2307 kWh | £1,376 | £231 | £1,606 | £19,776 | 12.3 yrs | £12,349 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,026, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1923 kWh | 1404 kWh | 519 kWh | £359 | £52 | £411 | £9,319 | 22.7 yrs | £-1,108 |
| 3 kW | 2884 kWh | 2105 kWh | 779 kWh | £538 | £78 | £616 | £11,354 | 18.4 yrs | £963 |
| 4 kW | 3846 kWh | 2807 kWh | 1038 kWh | £717 | £104 | £821 | £13,388 | 16.3 yrs | £3,033 |
| 5 kW | 4807 kWh | 3509 kWh | 1298 kWh | £897 | £130 | £1,026 | £15,423 | 15.0 yrs | £5,104 |
| 6 kW | 5768 kWh | 4211 kWh | 1557 kWh | £1,076 | £156 | £1,232 | £17,457 | 14.2 yrs | £7,175 |
| 7 kW | 6730 kWh | 4913 kWh | 1817 kWh | £1,255 | £182 | £1,437 | £19,492 | 13.6 yrs | £9,246 |
| 8 kW | 7691 kWh | 5614 kWh | 2077 kWh | £1,434 | £208 | £1,642 | £21,526 | 13.1 yrs | £11,317 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,041, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1923 kWh | 1442 kWh | 481 kWh | £368 | £48 | £417 | £11,069 | 26.6 yrs | £-2,739 |
| 3 kW | 2884 kWh | 2163 kWh | 721 kWh | £553 | £72 | £625 | £13,104 | 21.0 yrs | £-608 |
| 4 kW | 3846 kWh | 2884 kWh | 961 kWh | £737 | £96 | £833 | £15,138 | 18.2 yrs | £1,523 |
| 5 kW | 4807 kWh | 3605 kWh | 1202 kWh | £921 | £120 | £1,041 | £17,173 | 16.5 yrs | £3,653 |
| 6 kW | 5768 kWh | 4326 kWh | 1442 kWh | £1,105 | £144 | £1,250 | £19,207 | 15.4 yrs | £5,784 |
| 7 kW | 6730 kWh | 5047 kWh | 1682 kWh | £1,290 | £168 | £1,458 | £21,242 | 14.6 yrs | £7,915 |
| 8 kW | 7691 kWh | 5768 kWh | 1923 kWh | £1,474 | £192 | £1,666 | £23,276 | 14.0 yrs | £10,045 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,056, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1923 kWh | 1481 kWh | 442 kWh | £378 | £44 | £422 | £13,519 | 32.0 yrs | £-5,069 |
| 3 kW | 2884 kWh | 2221 kWh | 663 kWh | £567 | £66 | £634 | £15,554 | 24.5 yrs | £-2,879 |
| 4 kW | 3846 kWh | 2961 kWh | 884 kWh | £757 | £88 | £845 | £17,588 | 20.8 yrs | £-688 |
| 5 kW | 4807 kWh | 3701 kWh | 1106 kWh | £946 | £111 | £1,056 | £19,623 | 18.6 yrs | £1,502 |
| 6 kW | 5768 kWh | 4442 kWh | 1327 kWh | £1,135 | £133 | £1,267 | £21,657 | 17.1 yrs | £3,693 |
| 7 kW | 6730 kWh | 5182 kWh | 1548 kWh | £1,324 | £155 | £1,479 | £23,692 | 16.0 yrs | £5,883 |
| 8 kW | 7691 kWh | 5922 kWh | 1769 kWh | £1,513 | £177 | £1,690 | £25,726 | 15.2 yrs | £8,074 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.