A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1063 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.9p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £891, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2126 kWh | 851 kWh | 1276 kWh | £229 | £128 | £357 | £4,069 | 11.4 yrs | £3,062 |
| 3 kW | 3190 kWh | 1276 kWh | 1914 kWh | £343 | £191 | £535 | £6,104 | 11.4 yrs | £4,594 |
| 4 kW | 4253 kWh | 1701 kWh | 2552 kWh | £458 | £255 | £713 | £8,138 | 11.4 yrs | £6,125 |
| 5 kW | 5316 kWh | 2126 kWh | 3190 kWh | £572 | £319 | £891 | £10,173 | 11.4 yrs | £7,656 |
| 6 kW | 6379 kWh | 2552 kWh | 3828 kWh | £687 | £383 | £1,070 | £12,207 | 11.4 yrs | £9,187 |
| 7 kW | 7443 kWh | 2977 kWh | 4466 kWh | £801 | £447 | £1,248 | £14,242 | 11.4 yrs | £10,718 |
| 8 kW | 8506 kWh | 3402 kWh | 5104 kWh | £916 | £510 | £1,426 | £16,276 | 11.4 yrs | £12,249 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,071, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2126 kWh | 1276 kWh | 851 kWh | £343 | £85 | £429 | £6,169 | 14.4 yrs | £2,402 |
| 3 kW | 3190 kWh | 1914 kWh | 1276 kWh | £515 | £128 | £643 | £8,204 | 12.8 yrs | £4,652 |
| 4 kW | 4253 kWh | 2552 kWh | 1701 kWh | £687 | £170 | £857 | £10,238 | 11.9 yrs | £6,903 |
| 5 kW | 5316 kWh | 3190 kWh | 2126 kWh | £859 | £213 | £1,071 | £12,273 | 11.5 yrs | £9,154 |
| 6 kW | 6379 kWh | 3828 kWh | 2552 kWh | £1,030 | £255 | £1,286 | £14,307 | 11.1 yrs | £11,405 |
| 7 kW | 7443 kWh | 4466 kWh | 2977 kWh | £1,202 | £298 | £1,500 | £16,342 | 10.9 yrs | £13,655 |
| 8 kW | 8506 kWh | 5104 kWh | 3402 kWh | £1,374 | £340 | £1,714 | £18,376 | 10.7 yrs | £15,906 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,161, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 11.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2126 kWh | 1489 kWh | 638 kWh | £401 | £64 | £465 | £7,569 | 16.3 yrs | £1,721 |
| 3 kW | 3190 kWh | 2233 kWh | 957 kWh | £601 | £96 | £697 | £9,604 | 13.8 yrs | £4,332 |
| 4 kW | 4253 kWh | 2977 kWh | 1276 kWh | £801 | £128 | £929 | £11,638 | 12.5 yrs | £6,942 |
| 5 kW | 5316 kWh | 3721 kWh | 1595 kWh | £1,002 | £159 | £1,161 | £13,673 | 11.8 yrs | £9,553 |
| 6 kW | 6379 kWh | 4466 kWh | 1914 kWh | £1,202 | £191 | £1,394 | £15,707 | 11.3 yrs | £12,163 |
| 7 kW | 7443 kWh | 5210 kWh | 2233 kWh | £1,402 | £223 | £1,626 | £17,742 | 10.9 yrs | £14,774 |
| 8 kW | 8506 kWh | 5954 kWh | 2552 kWh | £1,603 | £255 | £1,858 | £19,776 | 10.6 yrs | £17,385 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,188, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2126 kWh | 1552 kWh | 574 kWh | £418 | £57 | £475 | £9,319 | 19.6 yrs | £187 |
| 3 kW | 3190 kWh | 2328 kWh | 861 kWh | £627 | £86 | £713 | £11,354 | 15.9 yrs | £2,906 |
| 4 kW | 4253 kWh | 3105 kWh | 1148 kWh | £836 | £115 | £951 | £13,388 | 14.1 yrs | £5,624 |
| 5 kW | 5316 kWh | 3881 kWh | 1435 kWh | £1,045 | £144 | £1,188 | £15,423 | 13.0 yrs | £8,343 |
| 6 kW | 6379 kWh | 4657 kWh | 1722 kWh | £1,254 | £172 | £1,426 | £17,457 | 12.2 yrs | £11,061 |
| 7 kW | 7443 kWh | 5433 kWh | 2010 kWh | £1,463 | £201 | £1,664 | £19,492 | 11.7 yrs | £13,780 |
| 8 kW | 8506 kWh | 6209 kWh | 2297 kWh | £1,672 | £230 | £1,901 | £21,526 | 11.3 yrs | £16,498 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,206, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2126 kWh | 1595 kWh | 532 kWh | £429 | £53 | £482 | £11,069 | 22.9 yrs | £-1,419 |
| 3 kW | 3190 kWh | 2392 kWh | 797 kWh | £644 | £80 | £724 | £13,104 | 18.1 yrs | £1,371 |
| 4 kW | 4253 kWh | 3190 kWh | 1063 kWh | £859 | £106 | £965 | £15,138 | 15.7 yrs | £4,162 |
| 5 kW | 5316 kWh | 3987 kWh | 1329 kWh | £1,073 | £133 | £1,206 | £17,173 | 14.2 yrs | £6,952 |
| 6 kW | 6379 kWh | 4785 kWh | 1595 kWh | £1,288 | £159 | £1,447 | £19,207 | 13.3 yrs | £9,743 |
| 7 kW | 7443 kWh | 5582 kWh | 1861 kWh | £1,503 | £186 | £1,689 | £21,242 | 12.6 yrs | £12,533 |
| 8 kW | 8506 kWh | 6379 kWh | 2126 kWh | £1,717 | £213 | £1,930 | £23,276 | 12.1 yrs | £15,324 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,224, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2126 kWh | 1637 kWh | 489 kWh | £441 | £49 | £490 | £13,519 | 27.6 yrs | £-3,725 |
| 3 kW | 3190 kWh | 2456 kWh | 734 kWh | £661 | £73 | £735 | £15,554 | 21.2 yrs | £-863 |
| 4 kW | 4253 kWh | 3275 kWh | 978 kWh | £882 | £98 | £979 | £17,588 | 18.0 yrs | £2,000 |
| 5 kW | 5316 kWh | 4093 kWh | 1223 kWh | £1,102 | £122 | £1,224 | £19,623 | 16.0 yrs | £4,862 |
| 6 kW | 6379 kWh | 4912 kWh | 1467 kWh | £1,322 | £147 | £1,469 | £21,657 | 14.7 yrs | £7,725 |
| 7 kW | 7443 kWh | 5731 kWh | 1712 kWh | £1,543 | £171 | £1,714 | £23,692 | 13.8 yrs | £10,587 |
| 8 kW | 8506 kWh | 6550 kWh | 1956 kWh | £1,763 | £196 | £1,959 | £25,726 | 13.1 yrs | £13,449 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.