A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 971 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.9p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £814, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1942 kWh | 777 kWh | 1165 kWh | £209 | £117 | £326 | £4,069 | 12.5 yrs | £2,443 |
| 3 kW | 2913 kWh | 1165 kWh | 1748 kWh | £314 | £175 | £488 | £6,104 | 12.5 yrs | £3,664 |
| 4 kW | 3883 kWh | 1553 kWh | 2330 kWh | £418 | £233 | £651 | £8,138 | 12.5 yrs | £4,885 |
| 5 kW | 4854 kWh | 1942 kWh | 2913 kWh | £523 | £291 | £814 | £10,173 | 12.5 yrs | £6,106 |
| 6 kW | 5825 kWh | 2330 kWh | 3495 kWh | £627 | £350 | £977 | £12,207 | 12.5 yrs | £7,328 |
| 7 kW | 6796 kWh | 2718 kWh | 4078 kWh | £732 | £408 | £1,140 | £14,242 | 12.5 yrs | £8,549 |
| 8 kW | 7767 kWh | 3107 kWh | 4660 kWh | £836 | £466 | £1,302 | £16,276 | 12.5 yrs | £9,770 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £978, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1942 kWh | 1165 kWh | 777 kWh | £314 | £78 | £391 | £6,169 | 15.8 yrs | £1,657 |
| 3 kW | 2913 kWh | 1748 kWh | 1165 kWh | £470 | £117 | £587 | £8,204 | 14.0 yrs | £3,535 |
| 4 kW | 3883 kWh | 2330 kWh | 1553 kWh | £627 | £155 | £783 | £10,238 | 13.1 yrs | £5,413 |
| 5 kW | 4854 kWh | 2913 kWh | 1942 kWh | £784 | £194 | £978 | £12,273 | 12.5 yrs | £7,292 |
| 6 kW | 5825 kWh | 3495 kWh | 2330 kWh | £941 | £233 | £1,174 | £14,307 | 12.2 yrs | £9,170 |
| 7 kW | 6796 kWh | 4078 kWh | 2718 kWh | £1,098 | £272 | £1,370 | £16,342 | 11.9 yrs | £11,049 |
| 8 kW | 7767 kWh | 4660 kWh | 3107 kWh | £1,254 | £311 | £1,565 | £18,376 | 11.7 yrs | £12,927 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,060, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1942 kWh | 1359 kWh | 583 kWh | £366 | £58 | £424 | £7,569 | 17.8 yrs | £914 |
| 3 kW | 2913 kWh | 2039 kWh | 874 kWh | £549 | £87 | £636 | £9,604 | 15.1 yrs | £3,121 |
| 4 kW | 3883 kWh | 2718 kWh | 1165 kWh | £732 | £117 | £848 | £11,638 | 13.7 yrs | £5,328 |
| 5 kW | 4854 kWh | 3398 kWh | 1456 kWh | £915 | £146 | £1,060 | £13,673 | 12.9 yrs | £7,534 |
| 6 kW | 5825 kWh | 4078 kWh | 1748 kWh | £1,098 | £175 | £1,272 | £15,707 | 12.3 yrs | £9,741 |
| 7 kW | 6796 kWh | 4757 kWh | 2039 kWh | £1,281 | £204 | £1,484 | £17,742 | 12.0 yrs | £11,948 |
| 8 kW | 7767 kWh | 5437 kWh | 2330 kWh | £1,464 | £233 | £1,697 | £19,776 | 11.7 yrs | £14,155 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,085, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1942 kWh | 1417 kWh | 524 kWh | £382 | £52 | £434 | £9,319 | 21.5 yrs | £-639 |
| 3 kW | 2913 kWh | 2126 kWh | 786 kWh | £572 | £79 | £651 | £11,354 | 17.4 yrs | £1,666 |
| 4 kW | 3883 kWh | 2835 kWh | 1049 kWh | £763 | £105 | £868 | £13,388 | 15.4 yrs | £3,972 |
| 5 kW | 4854 kWh | 3544 kWh | 1311 kWh | £954 | £131 | £1,085 | £15,423 | 14.2 yrs | £6,277 |
| 6 kW | 5825 kWh | 4252 kWh | 1573 kWh | £1,145 | £157 | £1,302 | £17,457 | 13.4 yrs | £8,583 |
| 7 kW | 6796 kWh | 4961 kWh | 1835 kWh | £1,335 | £183 | £1,519 | £19,492 | 12.8 yrs | £10,888 |
| 8 kW | 7767 kWh | 5670 kWh | 2097 kWh | £1,526 | £210 | £1,736 | £21,526 | 12.4 yrs | £13,194 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,101, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1942 kWh | 1456 kWh | 485 kWh | £392 | £49 | £441 | £11,069 | 25.1 yrs | £-2,258 |
| 3 kW | 2913 kWh | 2184 kWh | 728 kWh | £588 | £73 | £661 | £13,104 | 19.8 yrs | £113 |
| 4 kW | 3883 kWh | 2913 kWh | 971 kWh | £784 | £97 | £881 | £15,138 | 17.2 yrs | £2,485 |
| 5 kW | 4854 kWh | 3641 kWh | 1214 kWh | £980 | £121 | £1,101 | £17,173 | 15.6 yrs | £4,856 |
| 6 kW | 5825 kWh | 4369 kWh | 1456 kWh | £1,176 | £146 | £1,322 | £19,207 | 14.5 yrs | £7,227 |
| 7 kW | 6796 kWh | 5097 kWh | 1699 kWh | £1,372 | £170 | £1,542 | £21,242 | 13.8 yrs | £9,598 |
| 8 kW | 7767 kWh | 5825 kWh | 1942 kWh | £1,568 | £194 | £1,762 | £23,276 | 13.2 yrs | £11,969 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,118, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1942 kWh | 1495 kWh | 447 kWh | £402 | £45 | £447 | £13,519 | 30.2 yrs | £-4,576 |
| 3 kW | 2913 kWh | 2243 kWh | 670 kWh | £604 | £67 | £671 | £15,554 | 23.2 yrs | £-2,139 |
| 4 kW | 3883 kWh | 2990 kWh | 893 kWh | £805 | £89 | £894 | £17,588 | 19.7 yrs | £297 |
| 5 kW | 4854 kWh | 3738 kWh | 1116 kWh | £1,006 | £112 | £1,118 | £19,623 | 17.6 yrs | £2,734 |
| 6 kW | 5825 kWh | 4485 kWh | 1340 kWh | £1,207 | £134 | £1,341 | £21,657 | 16.1 yrs | £5,171 |
| 7 kW | 6796 kWh | 5233 kWh | 1563 kWh | £1,409 | £156 | £1,565 | £23,692 | 15.1 yrs | £7,608 |
| 8 kW | 7767 kWh | 5980 kWh | 1786 kWh | £1,610 | £179 | £1,789 | £25,726 | 14.4 yrs | £10,045 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.