A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 986 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.9p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £826, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1971 kWh | 789 kWh | 1183 kWh | £212 | £118 | £331 | £4,069 | 12.3 yrs | £2,542 |
| 3 kW | 2957 kWh | 1183 kWh | 1774 kWh | £318 | £177 | £496 | £6,104 | 12.3 yrs | £3,814 |
| 4 kW | 3943 kWh | 1577 kWh | 2366 kWh | £425 | £237 | £661 | £8,138 | 12.3 yrs | £5,085 |
| 5 kW | 4929 kWh | 1971 kWh | 2957 kWh | £531 | £296 | £826 | £10,173 | 12.3 yrs | £6,356 |
| 6 kW | 5914 kWh | 2366 kWh | 3549 kWh | £637 | £355 | £992 | £12,207 | 12.3 yrs | £7,627 |
| 7 kW | 6900 kWh | 2760 kWh | 4140 kWh | £743 | £414 | £1,157 | £14,242 | 12.3 yrs | £8,898 |
| 8 kW | 7886 kWh | 3154 kWh | 4731 kWh | £849 | £473 | £1,322 | £16,276 | 12.3 yrs | £10,170 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £993, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1971 kWh | 1183 kWh | 789 kWh | £318 | £79 | £397 | £6,169 | 15.5 yrs | £1,777 |
| 3 kW | 2957 kWh | 1774 kWh | 1183 kWh | £478 | £118 | £596 | £8,204 | 13.8 yrs | £3,715 |
| 4 kW | 3943 kWh | 2366 kWh | 1577 kWh | £637 | £158 | £795 | £10,238 | 12.9 yrs | £5,653 |
| 5 kW | 4929 kWh | 2957 kWh | 1971 kWh | £796 | £197 | £993 | £12,273 | 12.4 yrs | £7,592 |
| 6 kW | 5914 kWh | 3549 kWh | 2366 kWh | £955 | £237 | £1,192 | £14,307 | 12.0 yrs | £9,530 |
| 7 kW | 6900 kWh | 4140 kWh | 2760 kWh | £1,114 | £276 | £1,390 | £16,342 | 11.8 yrs | £11,468 |
| 8 kW | 7886 kWh | 4731 kWh | 3154 kWh | £1,274 | £315 | £1,589 | £18,376 | 11.6 yrs | £13,407 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,077, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1971 kWh | 1380 kWh | 591 kWh | £371 | £59 | £431 | £7,569 | 17.6 yrs | £1,044 |
| 3 kW | 2957 kWh | 2070 kWh | 887 kWh | £557 | £89 | £646 | £9,604 | 14.9 yrs | £3,316 |
| 4 kW | 3943 kWh | 2760 kWh | 1183 kWh | £743 | £118 | £861 | £11,638 | 13.5 yrs | £5,588 |
| 5 kW | 4929 kWh | 3450 kWh | 1479 kWh | £929 | £148 | £1,077 | £13,673 | 12.7 yrs | £7,860 |
| 6 kW | 5914 kWh | 4140 kWh | 1774 kWh | £1,114 | £177 | £1,292 | £15,707 | 12.2 yrs | £10,131 |
| 7 kW | 6900 kWh | 4830 kWh | 2070 kWh | £1,300 | £207 | £1,507 | £17,742 | 11.8 yrs | £12,403 |
| 8 kW | 7886 kWh | 5520 kWh | 2366 kWh | £1,486 | £237 | £1,723 | £19,776 | 11.5 yrs | £14,675 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,102, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1971 kWh | 1439 kWh | 532 kWh | £387 | £53 | £441 | £9,319 | 21.1 yrs | £-506 |
| 3 kW | 2957 kWh | 2159 kWh | 798 kWh | £581 | £80 | £661 | £11,354 | 17.2 yrs | £1,866 |
| 4 kW | 3943 kWh | 2878 kWh | 1065 kWh | £775 | £106 | £881 | £13,388 | 15.2 yrs | £4,238 |
| 5 kW | 4929 kWh | 3598 kWh | 1331 kWh | £969 | £133 | £1,102 | £15,423 | 14.0 yrs | £6,610 |
| 6 kW | 5914 kWh | 4317 kWh | 1597 kWh | £1,162 | £160 | £1,322 | £17,457 | 13.2 yrs | £8,982 |
| 7 kW | 6900 kWh | 5037 kWh | 1863 kWh | £1,356 | £186 | £1,542 | £19,492 | 12.6 yrs | £11,354 |
| 8 kW | 7886 kWh | 5757 kWh | 2129 kWh | £1,550 | £213 | £1,763 | £21,526 | 12.2 yrs | £13,726 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,118, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1971 kWh | 1479 kWh | 493 kWh | £398 | £49 | £447 | £11,069 | 24.7 yrs | £-2,123 |
| 3 kW | 2957 kWh | 2218 kWh | 739 kWh | £597 | £74 | £671 | £13,104 | 19.5 yrs | £316 |
| 4 kW | 3943 kWh | 2957 kWh | 986 kWh | £796 | £99 | £895 | £15,138 | 16.9 yrs | £2,755 |
| 5 kW | 4929 kWh | 3696 kWh | 1232 kWh | £995 | £123 | £1,118 | £17,173 | 15.4 yrs | £5,193 |
| 6 kW | 5914 kWh | 4436 kWh | 1479 kWh | £1,194 | £148 | £1,342 | £19,207 | 14.3 yrs | £7,632 |
| 7 kW | 6900 kWh | 5175 kWh | 1725 kWh | £1,393 | £173 | £1,566 | £21,242 | 13.6 yrs | £10,071 |
| 8 kW | 7886 kWh | 5914 kWh | 1971 kWh | £1,592 | £197 | £1,789 | £23,276 | 13.0 yrs | £12,509 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,135, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1971 kWh | 1518 kWh | 453 kWh | £409 | £45 | £454 | £13,519 | 29.8 yrs | £-4,439 |
| 3 kW | 2957 kWh | 2277 kWh | 680 kWh | £613 | £68 | £681 | £15,554 | 22.8 yrs | £-1,934 |
| 4 kW | 3943 kWh | 3036 kWh | 907 kWh | £817 | £91 | £908 | £17,588 | 19.4 yrs | £572 |
| 5 kW | 4929 kWh | 3795 kWh | 1134 kWh | £1,022 | £113 | £1,135 | £19,623 | 17.3 yrs | £3,077 |
| 6 kW | 5914 kWh | 4554 kWh | 1360 kWh | £1,226 | £136 | £1,362 | £21,657 | 15.9 yrs | £5,582 |
| 7 kW | 6900 kWh | 5313 kWh | 1587 kWh | £1,430 | £159 | £1,589 | £23,692 | 14.9 yrs | £8,088 |
| 8 kW | 7886 kWh | 6072 kWh | 1814 kWh | £1,635 | £181 | £1,816 | £25,726 | 14.2 yrs | £10,593 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.