A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1036 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £861, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2072 kWh | 829 kWh | 1243 kWh | £220 | £124 | £344 | £4,069 | 11.8 yrs | £2,816 |
| 3 kW | 3108 kWh | 1243 kWh | 1865 kWh | £330 | £187 | £516 | £6,104 | 11.8 yrs | £4,224 |
| 4 kW | 4145 kWh | 1658 kWh | 2487 kWh | £440 | £249 | £689 | £8,138 | 11.8 yrs | £5,632 |
| 5 kW | 5181 kWh | 2072 kWh | 3108 kWh | £550 | £311 | £861 | £10,173 | 11.8 yrs | £7,040 |
| 6 kW | 6217 kWh | 2487 kWh | 3730 kWh | £660 | £373 | £1,033 | £12,207 | 11.8 yrs | £8,448 |
| 7 kW | 7253 kWh | 2901 kWh | 4352 kWh | £770 | £435 | £1,205 | £14,242 | 11.8 yrs | £9,856 |
| 8 kW | 8289 kWh | 3316 kWh | 4974 kWh | £880 | £497 | £1,377 | £16,276 | 11.8 yrs | £11,264 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,032, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2072 kWh | 1243 kWh | 829 kWh | £330 | £83 | £413 | £6,169 | 14.9 yrs | £2,086 |
| 3 kW | 3108 kWh | 1865 kWh | 1243 kWh | £495 | £124 | £619 | £8,204 | 13.2 yrs | £4,179 |
| 4 kW | 4145 kWh | 2487 kWh | 1658 kWh | £660 | £166 | £826 | £10,238 | 12.4 yrs | £6,273 |
| 5 kW | 5181 kWh | 3108 kWh | 2072 kWh | £825 | £207 | £1,032 | £12,273 | 11.9 yrs | £8,366 |
| 6 kW | 6217 kWh | 3730 kWh | 2487 kWh | £990 | £249 | £1,238 | £14,307 | 11.6 yrs | £10,459 |
| 7 kW | 7253 kWh | 4352 kWh | 2901 kWh | £1,155 | £290 | £1,445 | £16,342 | 11.3 yrs | £12,552 |
| 8 kW | 8289 kWh | 4974 kWh | 3316 kWh | £1,319 | £332 | £1,651 | £18,376 | 11.1 yrs | £14,645 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,118, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2072 kWh | 1451 kWh | 622 kWh | £385 | £62 | £447 | £7,569 | 16.9 yrs | £1,371 |
| 3 kW | 3108 kWh | 2176 kWh | 933 kWh | £577 | £93 | £671 | £9,604 | 14.3 yrs | £3,807 |
| 4 kW | 4145 kWh | 2901 kWh | 1243 kWh | £770 | £124 | £894 | £11,638 | 13.0 yrs | £6,243 |
| 5 kW | 5181 kWh | 3627 kWh | 1554 kWh | £962 | £155 | £1,118 | £13,673 | 12.2 yrs | £8,678 |
| 6 kW | 6217 kWh | 4352 kWh | 1865 kWh | £1,155 | £187 | £1,341 | £15,707 | 11.7 yrs | £11,114 |
| 7 kW | 7253 kWh | 5077 kWh | 2176 kWh | £1,347 | £218 | £1,565 | £17,742 | 11.3 yrs | £13,550 |
| 8 kW | 8289 kWh | 5802 kWh | 2487 kWh | £1,539 | £249 | £1,788 | £19,776 | 11.1 yrs | £15,986 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,143, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2072 kWh | 1513 kWh | 560 kWh | £401 | £56 | £457 | £9,319 | 20.4 yrs | £-173 |
| 3 kW | 3108 kWh | 2269 kWh | 839 kWh | £602 | £84 | £686 | £11,354 | 16.6 yrs | £2,365 |
| 4 kW | 4145 kWh | 3026 kWh | 1119 kWh | £803 | £112 | £915 | £13,388 | 14.6 yrs | £4,904 |
| 5 kW | 5181 kWh | 3782 kWh | 1399 kWh | £1,003 | £140 | £1,143 | £15,423 | 13.5 yrs | £7,442 |
| 6 kW | 6217 kWh | 4538 kWh | 1679 kWh | £1,204 | £168 | £1,372 | £17,457 | 12.7 yrs | £9,981 |
| 7 kW | 7253 kWh | 5295 kWh | 1958 kWh | £1,405 | £196 | £1,601 | £19,492 | 12.2 yrs | £12,519 |
| 8 kW | 8289 kWh | 6051 kWh | 2238 kWh | £1,605 | £224 | £1,829 | £21,526 | 11.8 yrs | £15,058 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,160, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2072 kWh | 1554 kWh | 518 kWh | £412 | £52 | £464 | £11,069 | 23.8 yrs | £-1,786 |
| 3 kW | 3108 kWh | 2331 kWh | 777 kWh | £619 | £78 | £696 | £13,104 | 18.8 yrs | £821 |
| 4 kW | 4145 kWh | 3108 kWh | 1036 kWh | £825 | £104 | £928 | £15,138 | 16.3 yrs | £3,428 |
| 5 kW | 5181 kWh | 3886 kWh | 1295 kWh | £1,031 | £130 | £1,160 | £17,173 | 14.8 yrs | £6,035 |
| 6 kW | 6217 kWh | 4663 kWh | 1554 kWh | £1,237 | £155 | £1,392 | £19,207 | 13.8 yrs | £8,642 |
| 7 kW | 7253 kWh | 5440 kWh | 1813 kWh | £1,443 | £181 | £1,625 | £21,242 | 13.1 yrs | £11,249 |
| 8 kW | 8289 kWh | 6217 kWh | 2072 kWh | £1,649 | £207 | £1,857 | £23,276 | 12.5 yrs | £13,856 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,177, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2072 kWh | 1596 kWh | 477 kWh | £423 | £48 | £471 | £13,519 | 28.7 yrs | £-4,099 |
| 3 kW | 3108 kWh | 2394 kWh | 715 kWh | £635 | £71 | £706 | £15,554 | 22.0 yrs | £-1,424 |
| 4 kW | 4145 kWh | 3191 kWh | 953 kWh | £847 | £95 | £942 | £17,588 | 18.7 yrs | £1,252 |
| 5 kW | 5181 kWh | 3989 kWh | 1192 kWh | £1,058 | £119 | £1,177 | £19,623 | 16.7 yrs | £3,927 |
| 6 kW | 6217 kWh | 4787 kWh | 1430 kWh | £1,270 | £143 | £1,413 | £21,657 | 15.3 yrs | £6,603 |
| 7 kW | 7253 kWh | 5585 kWh | 1668 kWh | £1,482 | £167 | £1,648 | £23,692 | 14.4 yrs | £9,278 |
| 8 kW | 8289 kWh | 6383 kWh | 1907 kWh | £1,693 | £191 | £1,884 | £25,726 | 13.7 yrs | £11,954 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.