A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1050 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £872, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2100 kWh | 840 kWh | 1260 kWh | £223 | £126 | £349 | £4,069 | 11.7 yrs | £2,909 |
| 3 kW | 3151 kWh | 1260 kWh | 1890 kWh | £334 | £189 | £523 | £6,104 | 11.7 yrs | £4,364 |
| 4 kW | 4201 kWh | 1680 kWh | 2520 kWh | £446 | £252 | £698 | £8,138 | 11.7 yrs | £5,819 |
| 5 kW | 5251 kWh | 2100 kWh | 3151 kWh | £557 | £315 | £872 | £10,173 | 11.7 yrs | £7,273 |
| 6 kW | 6301 kWh | 2520 kWh | 3781 kWh | £669 | £378 | £1,047 | £12,207 | 11.7 yrs | £8,728 |
| 7 kW | 7351 kWh | 2941 kWh | 4411 kWh | £780 | £441 | £1,221 | £14,242 | 11.7 yrs | £10,183 |
| 8 kW | 8402 kWh | 3361 kWh | 5041 kWh | £892 | £504 | £1,396 | £16,276 | 11.7 yrs | £11,637 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,046, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2100 kWh | 1260 kWh | 840 kWh | £334 | £84 | £418 | £6,169 | 14.7 yrs | £2,198 |
| 3 kW | 3151 kWh | 1890 kWh | 1260 kWh | £502 | £126 | £628 | £8,204 | 13.1 yrs | £4,347 |
| 4 kW | 4201 kWh | 2520 kWh | 1680 kWh | £669 | £168 | £837 | £10,238 | 12.2 yrs | £6,496 |
| 5 kW | 5251 kWh | 3151 kWh | 2100 kWh | £836 | £210 | £1,046 | £12,273 | 11.7 yrs | £8,645 |
| 6 kW | 6301 kWh | 3781 kWh | 2520 kWh | £1,003 | £252 | £1,255 | £14,307 | 11.4 yrs | £10,794 |
| 7 kW | 7351 kWh | 4411 kWh | 2941 kWh | £1,170 | £294 | £1,464 | £16,342 | 11.2 yrs | £12,943 |
| 8 kW | 8402 kWh | 5041 kWh | 3361 kWh | £1,337 | £336 | £1,673 | £18,376 | 11.0 yrs | £15,093 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,133, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2100 kWh | 1470 kWh | 630 kWh | £390 | £63 | £453 | £7,569 | 16.7 yrs | £1,493 |
| 3 kW | 3151 kWh | 2205 kWh | 945 kWh | £585 | £95 | £680 | £9,604 | 14.1 yrs | £3,989 |
| 4 kW | 4201 kWh | 2941 kWh | 1260 kWh | £780 | £126 | £906 | £11,638 | 12.8 yrs | £6,485 |
| 5 kW | 5251 kWh | 3676 kWh | 1575 kWh | £975 | £158 | £1,133 | £13,673 | 12.1 yrs | £8,981 |
| 6 kW | 6301 kWh | 4411 kWh | 1890 kWh | £1,170 | £189 | £1,359 | £15,707 | 11.6 yrs | £11,478 |
| 7 kW | 7351 kWh | 5146 kWh | 2205 kWh | £1,365 | £221 | £1,586 | £17,742 | 11.2 yrs | £13,974 |
| 8 kW | 8402 kWh | 5881 kWh | 2520 kWh | £1,560 | £252 | £1,812 | £19,776 | 10.9 yrs | £16,470 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,159, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2100 kWh | 1533 kWh | 567 kWh | £407 | £57 | £463 | £9,319 | 20.1 yrs | £-49 |
| 3 kW | 3151 kWh | 2300 kWh | 851 kWh | £610 | £85 | £695 | £11,354 | 16.3 yrs | £2,551 |
| 4 kW | 4201 kWh | 3067 kWh | 1134 kWh | £814 | £113 | £927 | £13,388 | 14.4 yrs | £5,152 |
| 5 kW | 5251 kWh | 3833 kWh | 1418 kWh | £1,017 | £142 | £1,159 | £15,423 | 13.3 yrs | £7,752 |
| 6 kW | 6301 kWh | 4600 kWh | 1701 kWh | £1,220 | £170 | £1,390 | £17,457 | 12.6 yrs | £10,353 |
| 7 kW | 7351 kWh | 5367 kWh | 1985 kWh | £1,424 | £198 | £1,622 | £19,492 | 12.0 yrs | £12,953 |
| 8 kW | 8402 kWh | 6133 kWh | 2268 kWh | £1,627 | £227 | £1,854 | £21,526 | 11.6 yrs | £15,553 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,176, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2100 kWh | 1575 kWh | 525 kWh | £418 | £53 | £470 | £11,069 | 23.5 yrs | £-1,660 |
| 3 kW | 3151 kWh | 2363 kWh | 788 kWh | £627 | £79 | £706 | £13,104 | 18.6 yrs | £1,010 |
| 4 kW | 4201 kWh | 3151 kWh | 1050 kWh | £836 | £105 | £941 | £15,138 | 16.1 yrs | £3,679 |
| 5 kW | 5251 kWh | 3938 kWh | 1313 kWh | £1,045 | £131 | £1,176 | £17,173 | 14.6 yrs | £6,349 |
| 6 kW | 6301 kWh | 4726 kWh | 1575 kWh | £1,254 | £158 | £1,411 | £19,207 | 13.6 yrs | £9,019 |
| 7 kW | 7351 kWh | 5514 kWh | 1838 kWh | £1,463 | £184 | £1,647 | £21,242 | 12.9 yrs | £11,689 |
| 8 kW | 8402 kWh | 6301 kWh | 2100 kWh | £1,672 | £210 | £1,882 | £23,276 | 12.4 yrs | £14,359 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,193, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2100 kWh | 1617 kWh | 483 kWh | £429 | £48 | £477 | £13,519 | 28.3 yrs | £-3,971 |
| 3 kW | 3151 kWh | 2426 kWh | 725 kWh | £644 | £72 | £716 | £15,554 | 21.7 yrs | £-1,232 |
| 4 kW | 4201 kWh | 3235 kWh | 966 kWh | £858 | £97 | £955 | £17,588 | 18.4 yrs | £1,507 |
| 5 kW | 5251 kWh | 4043 kWh | 1208 kWh | £1,073 | £121 | £1,193 | £19,623 | 16.4 yrs | £4,247 |
| 6 kW | 6301 kWh | 4852 kWh | 1449 kWh | £1,287 | £145 | £1,432 | £21,657 | 15.1 yrs | £6,986 |
| 7 kW | 7351 kWh | 5661 kWh | 1691 kWh | £1,502 | £169 | £1,671 | £23,692 | 14.2 yrs | £9,725 |
| 8 kW | 8402 kWh | 6469 kWh | 1932 kWh | £1,716 | £193 | £1,910 | £25,726 | 13.5 yrs | £12,464 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.