A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1035 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £860, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2070 kWh | 828 kWh | 1242 kWh | £220 | £124 | £344 | £4,069 | 11.8 yrs | £2,809 |
| 3 kW | 3105 kWh | 1242 kWh | 1863 kWh | £330 | £186 | £516 | £6,104 | 11.8 yrs | £4,213 |
| 4 kW | 4140 kWh | 1656 kWh | 2484 kWh | £439 | £248 | £688 | £8,138 | 11.8 yrs | £5,618 |
| 5 kW | 5175 kWh | 2070 kWh | 3105 kWh | £549 | £311 | £860 | £10,173 | 11.8 yrs | £7,022 |
| 6 kW | 6210 kWh | 2484 kWh | 3726 kWh | £659 | £373 | £1,032 | £12,207 | 11.8 yrs | £8,426 |
| 7 kW | 7245 kWh | 2898 kWh | 4347 kWh | £769 | £435 | £1,204 | £14,242 | 11.8 yrs | £9,831 |
| 8 kW | 8281 kWh | 3312 kWh | 4968 kWh | £879 | £497 | £1,376 | £16,276 | 11.8 yrs | £11,235 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,031, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2070 kWh | 1242 kWh | 828 kWh | £330 | £83 | £412 | £6,169 | 15.0 yrs | £2,078 |
| 3 kW | 3105 kWh | 1863 kWh | 1242 kWh | £494 | £124 | £618 | £8,204 | 13.3 yrs | £4,166 |
| 4 kW | 4140 kWh | 2484 kWh | 1656 kWh | £659 | £166 | £825 | £10,238 | 12.4 yrs | £6,255 |
| 5 kW | 5175 kWh | 3105 kWh | 2070 kWh | £824 | £207 | £1,031 | £12,273 | 11.9 yrs | £8,344 |
| 6 kW | 6210 kWh | 3726 kWh | 2484 kWh | £989 | £248 | £1,237 | £14,307 | 11.6 yrs | £10,433 |
| 7 kW | 7245 kWh | 4347 kWh | 2898 kWh | £1,153 | £290 | £1,443 | £16,342 | 11.3 yrs | £12,522 |
| 8 kW | 8281 kWh | 4968 kWh | 3312 kWh | £1,318 | £331 | £1,649 | £18,376 | 11.1 yrs | £14,610 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,116, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2070 kWh | 1449 kWh | 621 kWh | £384 | £62 | £447 | £7,569 | 16.9 yrs | £1,362 |
| 3 kW | 3105 kWh | 2174 kWh | 932 kWh | £577 | £93 | £670 | £9,604 | 14.3 yrs | £3,793 |
| 4 kW | 4140 kWh | 2898 kWh | 1242 kWh | £769 | £124 | £893 | £11,638 | 13.0 yrs | £6,224 |
| 5 kW | 5175 kWh | 3623 kWh | 1553 kWh | £961 | £155 | £1,116 | £13,673 | 12.2 yrs | £8,655 |
| 6 kW | 6210 kWh | 4347 kWh | 1863 kWh | £1,153 | £186 | £1,340 | £15,707 | 11.7 yrs | £11,086 |
| 7 kW | 7245 kWh | 5072 kWh | 2174 kWh | £1,346 | £217 | £1,563 | £17,742 | 11.4 yrs | £13,517 |
| 8 kW | 8281 kWh | 5796 kWh | 2484 kWh | £1,538 | £248 | £1,786 | £19,776 | 11.1 yrs | £15,948 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,142, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2070 kWh | 1511 kWh | 559 kWh | £401 | £56 | £457 | £9,319 | 20.4 yrs | £-183 |
| 3 kW | 3105 kWh | 2267 kWh | 838 kWh | £601 | £84 | £685 | £11,354 | 16.6 yrs | £2,351 |
| 4 kW | 4140 kWh | 3022 kWh | 1118 kWh | £802 | £112 | £914 | £13,388 | 14.7 yrs | £4,885 |
| 5 kW | 5175 kWh | 3778 kWh | 1397 kWh | £1,002 | £140 | £1,142 | £15,423 | 13.5 yrs | £7,418 |
| 6 kW | 6210 kWh | 4534 kWh | 1677 kWh | £1,203 | £168 | £1,370 | £17,457 | 12.7 yrs | £9,952 |
| 7 kW | 7245 kWh | 5289 kWh | 1956 kWh | £1,403 | £196 | £1,599 | £19,492 | 12.2 yrs | £12,486 |
| 8 kW | 8281 kWh | 6045 kWh | 2236 kWh | £1,604 | £224 | £1,827 | £21,526 | 11.8 yrs | £15,019 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,159, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2070 kWh | 1553 kWh | 518 kWh | £412 | £52 | £464 | £11,069 | 23.9 yrs | £-1,796 |
| 3 kW | 3105 kWh | 2329 kWh | 776 kWh | £618 | £78 | £695 | £13,104 | 18.8 yrs | £806 |
| 4 kW | 4140 kWh | 3105 kWh | 1035 kWh | £824 | £104 | £927 | £15,138 | 16.3 yrs | £3,408 |
| 5 kW | 5175 kWh | 3882 kWh | 1294 kWh | £1,030 | £129 | £1,159 | £17,173 | 14.8 yrs | £6,010 |
| 6 kW | 6210 kWh | 4658 kWh | 1553 kWh | £1,236 | £155 | £1,391 | £19,207 | 13.8 yrs | £8,613 |
| 7 kW | 7245 kWh | 5434 kWh | 1811 kWh | £1,442 | £181 | £1,623 | £21,242 | 13.1 yrs | £11,215 |
| 8 kW | 8281 kWh | 6210 kWh | 2070 kWh | £1,648 | £207 | £1,855 | £23,276 | 12.6 yrs | £13,817 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,176, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2070 kWh | 1594 kWh | 476 kWh | £423 | £48 | £471 | £13,519 | 28.7 yrs | £-4,109 |
| 3 kW | 3105 kWh | 2391 kWh | 714 kWh | £634 | £71 | £706 | £15,554 | 22.0 yrs | £-1,438 |
| 4 kW | 4140 kWh | 3188 kWh | 952 kWh | £846 | £95 | £941 | £17,588 | 18.7 yrs | £1,232 |
| 5 kW | 5175 kWh | 3985 kWh | 1190 kWh | £1,057 | £119 | £1,176 | £19,623 | 16.7 yrs | £3,903 |
| 6 kW | 6210 kWh | 4782 kWh | 1428 kWh | £1,269 | £143 | £1,412 | £21,657 | 15.3 yrs | £6,573 |
| 7 kW | 7245 kWh | 5579 kWh | 1666 kWh | £1,480 | £167 | £1,647 | £23,692 | 14.4 yrs | £9,244 |
| 8 kW | 8281 kWh | 6376 kWh | 1905 kWh | £1,692 | £190 | £1,882 | £25,726 | 13.7 yrs | £11,914 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.