A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1006 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £836, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2012 kWh | 805 kWh | 1207 kWh | £214 | £121 | £334 | £4,069 | 12.2 yrs | £2,616 |
| 3 kW | 3018 kWh | 1207 kWh | 1811 kWh | £320 | £181 | £501 | £6,104 | 12.2 yrs | £3,924 |
| 4 kW | 4024 kWh | 1610 kWh | 2414 kWh | £427 | £241 | £668 | £8,138 | 12.2 yrs | £5,232 |
| 5 kW | 5030 kWh | 2012 kWh | 3018 kWh | £534 | £302 | £836 | £10,173 | 12.2 yrs | £6,539 |
| 6 kW | 6036 kWh | 2414 kWh | 3622 kWh | £641 | £362 | £1,003 | £12,207 | 12.2 yrs | £7,847 |
| 7 kW | 7042 kWh | 2817 kWh | 4225 kWh | £747 | £423 | £1,170 | £14,242 | 12.2 yrs | £9,155 |
| 8 kW | 8048 kWh | 3219 kWh | 4829 kWh | £854 | £483 | £1,337 | £16,276 | 12.2 yrs | £10,463 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,002, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2012 kWh | 1207 kWh | 805 kWh | £320 | £80 | £401 | £6,169 | 15.4 yrs | £1,846 |
| 3 kW | 3018 kWh | 1811 kWh | 1207 kWh | £480 | £121 | £601 | £8,204 | 13.6 yrs | £3,819 |
| 4 kW | 4024 kWh | 2414 kWh | 1610 kWh | £641 | £161 | £802 | £10,238 | 12.8 yrs | £5,792 |
| 5 kW | 5030 kWh | 3018 kWh | 2012 kWh | £801 | £201 | £1,002 | £12,273 | 12.2 yrs | £7,765 |
| 6 kW | 6036 kWh | 3622 kWh | 2414 kWh | £961 | £241 | £1,202 | £14,307 | 11.9 yrs | £9,738 |
| 7 kW | 7042 kWh | 4225 kWh | 2817 kWh | £1,121 | £282 | £1,403 | £16,342 | 11.7 yrs | £11,711 |
| 8 kW | 8048 kWh | 4829 kWh | 3219 kWh | £1,281 | £322 | £1,603 | £18,376 | 11.5 yrs | £13,685 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,085, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2012 kWh | 1408 kWh | 604 kWh | £374 | £60 | £434 | £7,569 | 17.4 yrs | £1,111 |
| 3 kW | 3018 kWh | 2113 kWh | 905 kWh | £560 | £91 | £651 | £9,604 | 14.8 yrs | £3,417 |
| 4 kW | 4024 kWh | 2817 kWh | 1207 kWh | £747 | £121 | £868 | £11,638 | 13.4 yrs | £5,723 |
| 5 kW | 5030 kWh | 3521 kWh | 1509 kWh | £934 | £151 | £1,085 | £13,673 | 12.6 yrs | £8,028 |
| 6 kW | 6036 kWh | 4225 kWh | 1811 kWh | £1,121 | £181 | £1,302 | £15,707 | 12.1 yrs | £10,334 |
| 7 kW | 7042 kWh | 4929 kWh | 2113 kWh | £1,308 | £211 | £1,519 | £17,742 | 11.7 yrs | £12,640 |
| 8 kW | 8048 kWh | 5634 kWh | 2414 kWh | £1,495 | £241 | £1,736 | £19,776 | 11.4 yrs | £14,945 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,110, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2012 kWh | 1469 kWh | 543 kWh | £390 | £54 | £444 | £9,319 | 21.0 yrs | £-439 |
| 3 kW | 3018 kWh | 2203 kWh | 815 kWh | £585 | £81 | £666 | £11,354 | 17.0 yrs | £1,966 |
| 4 kW | 4024 kWh | 2938 kWh | 1087 kWh | £779 | £109 | £888 | £13,388 | 15.1 yrs | £4,372 |
| 5 kW | 5030 kWh | 3672 kWh | 1358 kWh | £974 | £136 | £1,110 | £15,423 | 13.9 yrs | £6,777 |
| 6 kW | 6036 kWh | 4406 kWh | 1630 kWh | £1,169 | £163 | £1,332 | £17,457 | 13.1 yrs | £9,183 |
| 7 kW | 7042 kWh | 5141 kWh | 1901 kWh | £1,364 | £190 | £1,554 | £19,492 | 12.5 yrs | £11,588 |
| 8 kW | 8048 kWh | 5875 kWh | 2173 kWh | £1,559 | £217 | £1,776 | £21,526 | 12.1 yrs | £13,994 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,127, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2012 kWh | 1509 kWh | 503 kWh | £400 | £50 | £451 | £11,069 | 24.6 yrs | £-2,056 |
| 3 kW | 3018 kWh | 2264 kWh | 755 kWh | £601 | £75 | £676 | £13,104 | 19.4 yrs | £416 |
| 4 kW | 4024 kWh | 3018 kWh | 1006 kWh | £801 | £101 | £901 | £15,138 | 16.8 yrs | £2,888 |
| 5 kW | 5030 kWh | 3773 kWh | 1258 kWh | £1,001 | £126 | £1,127 | £17,173 | 15.2 yrs | £5,360 |
| 6 kW | 6036 kWh | 4527 kWh | 1509 kWh | £1,201 | £151 | £1,352 | £19,207 | 14.2 yrs | £7,832 |
| 7 kW | 7042 kWh | 5282 kWh | 1761 kWh | £1,401 | £176 | £1,577 | £21,242 | 13.5 yrs | £10,304 |
| 8 kW | 8048 kWh | 6036 kWh | 2012 kWh | £1,601 | £201 | £1,803 | £23,276 | 12.9 yrs | £12,776 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,143, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2012 kWh | 1549 kWh | 463 kWh | £411 | £46 | £457 | £13,519 | 29.6 yrs | £-4,373 |
| 3 kW | 3018 kWh | 2324 kWh | 694 kWh | £617 | £69 | £686 | £15,554 | 22.7 yrs | £-1,835 |
| 4 kW | 4024 kWh | 3099 kWh | 926 kWh | £822 | £93 | £915 | £17,588 | 19.2 yrs | £704 |
| 5 kW | 5030 kWh | 3873 kWh | 1157 kWh | £1,028 | £116 | £1,143 | £19,623 | 17.2 yrs | £3,242 |
| 6 kW | 6036 kWh | 4648 kWh | 1388 kWh | £1,233 | £139 | £1,372 | £21,657 | 15.8 yrs | £5,781 |
| 7 kW | 7042 kWh | 5422 kWh | 1620 kWh | £1,439 | £162 | £1,601 | £23,692 | 14.8 yrs | £8,319 |
| 8 kW | 8048 kWh | 6197 kWh | 1851 kWh | £1,644 | £185 | £1,829 | £25,726 | 14.1 yrs | £10,858 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.