A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 932 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.7p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £796, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1863 kWh | 745 kWh | 1118 kWh | £207 | £112 | £318 | £4,069 | 12.8 yrs | £2,299 |
| 3 kW | 2795 kWh | 1118 kWh | 1677 kWh | £310 | £168 | £478 | £6,104 | 12.8 yrs | £3,448 |
| 4 kW | 3726 kWh | 1491 kWh | 2236 kWh | £413 | £224 | £637 | £8,138 | 12.8 yrs | £4,598 |
| 5 kW | 4658 kWh | 1863 kWh | 2795 kWh | £516 | £279 | £796 | £10,173 | 12.8 yrs | £5,747 |
| 6 kW | 5590 kWh | 2236 kWh | 3354 kWh | £620 | £335 | £955 | £12,207 | 12.8 yrs | £6,896 |
| 7 kW | 6521 kWh | 2609 kWh | 3913 kWh | £723 | £391 | £1,114 | £14,242 | 12.8 yrs | £8,046 |
| 8 kW | 7453 kWh | 2981 kWh | 4472 kWh | £826 | £447 | £1,274 | £16,276 | 12.8 yrs | £9,195 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £961, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1863 kWh | 1118 kWh | 745 kWh | £310 | £75 | £384 | £6,169 | 16.0 yrs | £1,519 |
| 3 kW | 2795 kWh | 1677 kWh | 1118 kWh | £465 | £112 | £577 | £8,204 | 14.2 yrs | £3,329 |
| 4 kW | 3726 kWh | 2236 kWh | 1491 kWh | £620 | £149 | £769 | £10,238 | 13.3 yrs | £5,139 |
| 5 kW | 4658 kWh | 2795 kWh | 1863 kWh | £775 | £186 | £961 | £12,273 | 12.8 yrs | £6,949 |
| 6 kW | 5590 kWh | 3354 kWh | 2236 kWh | £930 | £224 | £1,153 | £14,307 | 12.4 yrs | £8,758 |
| 7 kW | 6521 kWh | 3913 kWh | 2609 kWh | £1,085 | £261 | £1,345 | £16,342 | 12.1 yrs | £10,568 |
| 8 kW | 7453 kWh | 4472 kWh | 2981 kWh | £1,240 | £298 | £1,538 | £18,376 | 12.0 yrs | £12,378 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,044, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1863 kWh | 1304 kWh | 559 kWh | £362 | £56 | £417 | £7,569 | 18.1 yrs | £780 |
| 3 kW | 2795 kWh | 1956 kWh | 838 kWh | £542 | £84 | £626 | £9,604 | 15.3 yrs | £2,920 |
| 4 kW | 3726 kWh | 2609 kWh | 1118 kWh | £723 | £112 | £835 | £11,638 | 13.9 yrs | £5,060 |
| 5 kW | 4658 kWh | 3261 kWh | 1397 kWh | £904 | £140 | £1,044 | £13,673 | 13.1 yrs | £7,199 |
| 6 kW | 5590 kWh | 3913 kWh | 1677 kWh | £1,085 | £168 | £1,252 | £15,707 | 12.5 yrs | £9,339 |
| 7 kW | 6521 kWh | 4565 kWh | 1956 kWh | £1,265 | £196 | £1,461 | £17,742 | 12.1 yrs | £11,479 |
| 8 kW | 7453 kWh | 5217 kWh | 2236 kWh | £1,446 | £224 | £1,670 | £19,776 | 11.8 yrs | £13,619 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,068, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1863 kWh | 1360 kWh | 503 kWh | £377 | £50 | £427 | £9,319 | 21.8 yrs | £-772 |
| 3 kW | 2795 kWh | 2040 kWh | 755 kWh | £566 | £75 | £641 | £11,354 | 17.7 yrs | £1,467 |
| 4 kW | 3726 kWh | 2720 kWh | 1006 kWh | £754 | £101 | £855 | £13,388 | 15.7 yrs | £3,706 |
| 5 kW | 4658 kWh | 3400 kWh | 1258 kWh | £943 | £126 | £1,068 | £15,423 | 14.4 yrs | £5,945 |
| 6 kW | 5590 kWh | 4080 kWh | 1509 kWh | £1,131 | £151 | £1,282 | £17,457 | 13.6 yrs | £8,184 |
| 7 kW | 6521 kWh | 4761 kWh | 1761 kWh | £1,320 | £176 | £1,496 | £19,492 | 13.0 yrs | £10,423 |
| 8 kW | 7453 kWh | 5441 kWh | 2012 kWh | £1,508 | £201 | £1,709 | £21,526 | 12.6 yrs | £12,662 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,085, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1863 kWh | 1397 kWh | 466 kWh | £387 | £47 | £434 | £11,069 | 25.5 yrs | £-2,390 |
| 3 kW | 2795 kWh | 2096 kWh | 699 kWh | £581 | £70 | £651 | £13,104 | 20.1 yrs | £-85 |
| 4 kW | 3726 kWh | 2795 kWh | 932 kWh | £775 | £93 | £868 | £15,138 | 17.4 yrs | £2,220 |
| 5 kW | 4658 kWh | 3494 kWh | 1165 kWh | £968 | £116 | £1,085 | £17,173 | 15.8 yrs | £4,525 |
| 6 kW | 5590 kWh | 4192 kWh | 1397 kWh | £1,162 | £140 | £1,302 | £19,207 | 14.8 yrs | £6,830 |
| 7 kW | 6521 kWh | 4891 kWh | 1630 kWh | £1,356 | £163 | £1,519 | £21,242 | 14.0 yrs | £9,135 |
| 8 kW | 7453 kWh | 5590 kWh | 1863 kWh | £1,549 | £186 | £1,736 | £23,276 | 13.4 yrs | £11,440 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,101, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1863 kWh | 1435 kWh | 429 kWh | £398 | £43 | £441 | £13,519 | 30.7 yrs | £-4,708 |
| 3 kW | 2795 kWh | 2152 kWh | 643 kWh | £597 | £64 | £661 | £15,554 | 23.5 yrs | £-2,337 |
| 4 kW | 3726 kWh | 2869 kWh | 857 kWh | £795 | £86 | £881 | £17,588 | 20.0 yrs | £34 |
| 5 kW | 4658 kWh | 3587 kWh | 1071 kWh | £994 | £107 | £1,101 | £19,623 | 17.8 yrs | £2,405 |
| 6 kW | 5590 kWh | 4304 kWh | 1286 kWh | £1,193 | £129 | £1,322 | £21,657 | 16.4 yrs | £4,776 |
| 7 kW | 6521 kWh | 5021 kWh | 1500 kWh | £1,392 | £150 | £1,542 | £23,692 | 15.4 yrs | £7,147 |
| 8 kW | 7453 kWh | 5739 kWh | 1714 kWh | £1,591 | £171 | £1,762 | £25,726 | 14.6 yrs | £9,518 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.