A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 898 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.8p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £751, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1796 kWh | 718 kWh | 1078 kWh | £193 | £108 | £301 | £4,069 | 13.5 yrs | £1,942 |
| 3 kW | 2694 kWh | 1078 kWh | 1617 kWh | £289 | £162 | £451 | £6,104 | 13.5 yrs | £2,912 |
| 4 kW | 3592 kWh | 1437 kWh | 2155 kWh | £386 | £216 | £601 | £8,138 | 13.5 yrs | £3,883 |
| 5 kW | 4490 kWh | 1796 kWh | 2694 kWh | £482 | £269 | £751 | £10,173 | 13.5 yrs | £4,854 |
| 6 kW | 5388 kWh | 2155 kWh | 3233 kWh | £578 | £323 | £902 | £12,207 | 13.5 yrs | £5,825 |
| 7 kW | 6287 kWh | 2515 kWh | 3772 kWh | £675 | £377 | £1,052 | £14,242 | 13.5 yrs | £6,796 |
| 8 kW | 7185 kWh | 2874 kWh | 4311 kWh | £771 | £431 | £1,202 | £16,276 | 13.5 yrs | £7,767 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £902, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1796 kWh | 1078 kWh | 718 kWh | £289 | £72 | £361 | £6,169 | 17.1 yrs | £1,051 |
| 3 kW | 2694 kWh | 1617 kWh | 1078 kWh | £434 | £108 | £541 | £8,204 | 15.1 yrs | £2,626 |
| 4 kW | 3592 kWh | 2155 kWh | 1437 kWh | £578 | £144 | £722 | £10,238 | 14.2 yrs | £4,202 |
| 5 kW | 4490 kWh | 2694 kWh | 1796 kWh | £723 | £180 | £902 | £12,273 | 13.6 yrs | £5,777 |
| 6 kW | 5388 kWh | 3233 kWh | 2155 kWh | £867 | £216 | £1,083 | £14,307 | 13.2 yrs | £7,352 |
| 7 kW | 6287 kWh | 3772 kWh | 2515 kWh | £1,012 | £251 | £1,263 | £16,342 | 12.9 yrs | £8,928 |
| 8 kW | 7185 kWh | 4311 kWh | 2874 kWh | £1,157 | £287 | £1,444 | £18,376 | 12.7 yrs | £10,503 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £978, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1796 kWh | 1257 kWh | 539 kWh | £337 | £54 | £391 | £7,569 | 19.3 yrs | £255 |
| 3 kW | 2694 kWh | 1886 kWh | 808 kWh | £506 | £81 | £587 | £9,604 | 16.4 yrs | £2,133 |
| 4 kW | 3592 kWh | 2515 kWh | 1078 kWh | £675 | £108 | £782 | £11,638 | 14.9 yrs | £4,011 |
| 5 kW | 4490 kWh | 3143 kWh | 1347 kWh | £843 | £135 | £978 | £13,673 | 14.0 yrs | £5,889 |
| 6 kW | 5388 kWh | 3772 kWh | 1617 kWh | £1,012 | £162 | £1,174 | £15,707 | 13.4 yrs | £7,766 |
| 7 kW | 6287 kWh | 4401 kWh | 1886 kWh | £1,181 | £189 | £1,369 | £17,742 | 13.0 yrs | £9,644 |
| 8 kW | 7185 kWh | 5029 kWh | 2155 kWh | £1,349 | £216 | £1,565 | £19,776 | 12.6 yrs | £11,522 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,001, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1796 kWh | 1311 kWh | 485 kWh | £352 | £48 | £400 | £9,319 | 23.3 yrs | £-1,313 |
| 3 kW | 2694 kWh | 1967 kWh | 727 kWh | £528 | £73 | £600 | £11,354 | 18.9 yrs | £655 |
| 4 kW | 3592 kWh | 2622 kWh | 970 kWh | £704 | £97 | £801 | £13,388 | 16.7 yrs | £2,624 |
| 5 kW | 4490 kWh | 3278 kWh | 1212 kWh | £879 | £121 | £1,001 | £15,423 | 15.4 yrs | £4,592 |
| 6 kW | 5388 kWh | 3934 kWh | 1455 kWh | £1,055 | £145 | £1,201 | £17,457 | 14.5 yrs | £6,560 |
| 7 kW | 6287 kWh | 4589 kWh | 1697 kWh | £1,231 | £170 | £1,401 | £19,492 | 13.9 yrs | £8,529 |
| 8 kW | 7185 kWh | 5245 kWh | 1940 kWh | £1,407 | £194 | £1,601 | £21,526 | 13.4 yrs | £10,497 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,016, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1796 kWh | 1347 kWh | 449 kWh | £361 | £45 | £406 | £11,069 | 27.2 yrs | £-2,942 |
| 3 kW | 2694 kWh | 2021 kWh | 674 kWh | £542 | £67 | £610 | £13,104 | 21.5 yrs | £-913 |
| 4 kW | 3592 kWh | 2694 kWh | 898 kWh | £723 | £90 | £813 | £15,138 | 18.6 yrs | £1,115 |
| 5 kW | 4490 kWh | 3368 kWh | 1123 kWh | £904 | £112 | £1,016 | £17,173 | 16.9 yrs | £3,144 |
| 6 kW | 5388 kWh | 4041 kWh | 1347 kWh | £1,084 | £135 | £1,219 | £19,207 | 15.8 yrs | £5,173 |
| 7 kW | 6287 kWh | 4715 kWh | 1572 kWh | £1,265 | £157 | £1,422 | £21,242 | 14.9 yrs | £7,202 |
| 8 kW | 7185 kWh | 5388 kWh | 1796 kWh | £1,446 | £180 | £1,625 | £23,276 | 14.3 yrs | £9,231 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,031, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1796 kWh | 1383 kWh | 413 kWh | £371 | £41 | £412 | £13,519 | 32.8 yrs | £-5,271 |
| 3 kW | 2694 kWh | 2075 kWh | 620 kWh | £557 | £62 | £619 | £15,554 | 25.1 yrs | £-3,182 |
| 4 kW | 3592 kWh | 2766 kWh | 826 kWh | £742 | £83 | £825 | £17,588 | 21.3 yrs | £-1,093 |
| 5 kW | 4490 kWh | 3458 kWh | 1033 kWh | £928 | £103 | £1,031 | £19,623 | 19.0 yrs | £997 |
| 6 kW | 5388 kWh | 4149 kWh | 1239 kWh | £1,113 | £124 | £1,237 | £21,657 | 17.5 yrs | £3,086 |
| 7 kW | 6287 kWh | 4841 kWh | 1446 kWh | £1,299 | £145 | £1,443 | £23,692 | 16.4 yrs | £5,175 |
| 8 kW | 7185 kWh | 5532 kWh | 1652 kWh | £1,484 | £165 | £1,650 | £25,726 | 15.6 yrs | £7,264 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.