A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 949 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £799, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1898 kWh | 759 kWh | 1139 kWh | £206 | £114 | £320 | £4,069 | 12.7 yrs | £2,323 |
| 3 kW | 2846 kWh | 1139 kWh | 1708 kWh | £309 | £171 | £479 | £6,104 | 12.7 yrs | £3,485 |
| 4 kW | 3795 kWh | 1518 kWh | 2277 kWh | £412 | £228 | £639 | £8,138 | 12.7 yrs | £4,647 |
| 5 kW | 4744 kWh | 1898 kWh | 2846 kWh | £514 | £285 | £799 | £10,173 | 12.7 yrs | £5,809 |
| 6 kW | 5693 kWh | 2277 kWh | 3416 kWh | £617 | £342 | £959 | £12,207 | 12.7 yrs | £6,970 |
| 7 kW | 6641 kWh | 2657 kWh | 3985 kWh | £720 | £398 | £1,119 | £14,242 | 12.7 yrs | £8,132 |
| 8 kW | 7590 kWh | 3036 kWh | 4554 kWh | £823 | £455 | £1,279 | £16,276 | 12.7 yrs | £9,294 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £961, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1898 kWh | 1139 kWh | 759 kWh | £309 | £76 | £385 | £6,169 | 16.0 yrs | £1,522 |
| 3 kW | 2846 kWh | 1708 kWh | 1139 kWh | £463 | £114 | £577 | £8,204 | 14.2 yrs | £3,333 |
| 4 kW | 3795 kWh | 2277 kWh | 1518 kWh | £617 | £152 | £769 | £10,238 | 13.3 yrs | £5,144 |
| 5 kW | 4744 kWh | 2846 kWh | 1898 kWh | £772 | £190 | £961 | £12,273 | 12.8 yrs | £6,955 |
| 6 kW | 5693 kWh | 3416 kWh | 2277 kWh | £926 | £228 | £1,154 | £14,307 | 12.4 yrs | £8,767 |
| 7 kW | 6641 kWh | 3985 kWh | 2657 kWh | £1,080 | £266 | £1,346 | £16,342 | 12.1 yrs | £10,578 |
| 8 kW | 7590 kWh | 4554 kWh | 3036 kWh | £1,235 | £304 | £1,538 | £18,376 | 11.9 yrs | £12,389 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,043, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1898 kWh | 1328 kWh | 569 kWh | £360 | £57 | £417 | £7,569 | 18.1 yrs | £772 |
| 3 kW | 2846 kWh | 1992 kWh | 854 kWh | £540 | £85 | £626 | £9,604 | 15.4 yrs | £2,907 |
| 4 kW | 3795 kWh | 2657 kWh | 1139 kWh | £720 | £114 | £834 | £11,638 | 14.0 yrs | £5,043 |
| 5 kW | 4744 kWh | 3321 kWh | 1423 kWh | £900 | £142 | £1,043 | £13,673 | 13.1 yrs | £7,179 |
| 6 kW | 5693 kWh | 3985 kWh | 1708 kWh | £1,080 | £171 | £1,251 | £15,707 | 12.6 yrs | £9,315 |
| 7 kW | 6641 kWh | 4649 kWh | 1992 kWh | £1,260 | £199 | £1,460 | £17,742 | 12.2 yrs | £11,450 |
| 8 kW | 7590 kWh | 5313 kWh | 2277 kWh | £1,440 | £228 | £1,668 | £19,776 | 11.9 yrs | £13,586 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,067, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1898 kWh | 1385 kWh | 512 kWh | £376 | £51 | £427 | £9,319 | 21.8 yrs | £-784 |
| 3 kW | 2846 kWh | 2078 kWh | 769 kWh | £563 | £77 | £640 | £11,354 | 17.7 yrs | £1,449 |
| 4 kW | 3795 kWh | 2770 kWh | 1025 kWh | £751 | £102 | £854 | £13,388 | 15.7 yrs | £3,683 |
| 5 kW | 4744 kWh | 3463 kWh | 1281 kWh | £939 | £128 | £1,067 | £15,423 | 14.5 yrs | £5,916 |
| 6 kW | 5693 kWh | 4156 kWh | 1537 kWh | £1,127 | £154 | £1,280 | £17,457 | 13.6 yrs | £8,149 |
| 7 kW | 6641 kWh | 4848 kWh | 1793 kWh | £1,314 | £179 | £1,494 | £19,492 | 13.0 yrs | £10,382 |
| 8 kW | 7590 kWh | 5541 kWh | 2049 kWh | £1,502 | £205 | £1,707 | £21,526 | 12.6 yrs | £12,615 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,083, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1898 kWh | 1423 kWh | 474 kWh | £386 | £47 | £433 | £11,069 | 25.5 yrs | £-2,404 |
| 3 kW | 2846 kWh | 2135 kWh | 712 kWh | £579 | £71 | £650 | £13,104 | 20.2 yrs | £-106 |
| 4 kW | 3795 kWh | 2846 kWh | 949 kWh | £772 | £95 | £867 | £15,138 | 17.5 yrs | £2,192 |
| 5 kW | 4744 kWh | 3558 kWh | 1186 kWh | £965 | £119 | £1,083 | £17,173 | 15.9 yrs | £4,490 |
| 6 kW | 5693 kWh | 4270 kWh | 1423 kWh | £1,157 | £142 | £1,300 | £19,207 | 14.8 yrs | £6,789 |
| 7 kW | 6641 kWh | 4981 kWh | 1660 kWh | £1,350 | £166 | £1,516 | £21,242 | 14.0 yrs | £9,087 |
| 8 kW | 7590 kWh | 5693 kWh | 1898 kWh | £1,543 | £190 | £1,733 | £23,276 | 13.4 yrs | £11,385 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,099, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1898 kWh | 1461 kWh | 436 kWh | £396 | £44 | £440 | £13,519 | 30.7 yrs | £-4,724 |
| 3 kW | 2846 kWh | 2192 kWh | 655 kWh | £594 | £65 | £660 | £15,554 | 23.6 yrs | £-2,361 |
| 4 kW | 3795 kWh | 2922 kWh | 873 kWh | £792 | £87 | £880 | £17,588 | 20.0 yrs | £2 |
| 5 kW | 4744 kWh | 3653 kWh | 1091 kWh | £990 | £109 | £1,099 | £19,623 | 17.8 yrs | £2,365 |
| 6 kW | 5693 kWh | 4383 kWh | 1309 kWh | £1,188 | £131 | £1,319 | £21,657 | 16.4 yrs | £4,728 |
| 7 kW | 6641 kWh | 5114 kWh | 1528 kWh | £1,386 | £153 | £1,539 | £23,692 | 15.4 yrs | £7,091 |
| 8 kW | 7590 kWh | 5844 kWh | 1746 kWh | £1,584 | £175 | £1,759 | £25,726 | 14.6 yrs | £9,454 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.