A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 868 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £731, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1737 kWh | 695 kWh | 1042 kWh | £188 | £104 | £293 | £4,069 | 13.9 yrs | £1,782 |
| 3 kW | 2605 kWh | 1042 kWh | 1563 kWh | £282 | £156 | £439 | £6,104 | 13.9 yrs | £2,672 |
| 4 kW | 3473 kWh | 1389 kWh | 2084 kWh | £377 | £208 | £585 | £8,138 | 13.9 yrs | £3,563 |
| 5 kW | 4342 kWh | 1737 kWh | 2605 kWh | £471 | £261 | £731 | £10,173 | 13.9 yrs | £4,454 |
| 6 kW | 5210 kWh | 2084 kWh | 3126 kWh | £565 | £313 | £878 | £12,207 | 13.9 yrs | £5,345 |
| 7 kW | 6078 kWh | 2431 kWh | 3647 kWh | £659 | £365 | £1,024 | £14,242 | 13.9 yrs | £6,235 |
| 8 kW | 6947 kWh | 2779 kWh | 4168 kWh | £753 | £417 | £1,170 | £16,276 | 13.9 yrs | £7,126 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £880, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1737 kWh | 1042 kWh | 695 kWh | £282 | £69 | £352 | £6,169 | 17.5 yrs | £870 |
| 3 kW | 2605 kWh | 1563 kWh | 1042 kWh | £424 | £104 | £528 | £8,204 | 15.5 yrs | £2,355 |
| 4 kW | 3473 kWh | 2084 kWh | 1389 kWh | £565 | £139 | £704 | £10,238 | 14.5 yrs | £3,840 |
| 5 kW | 4342 kWh | 2605 kWh | 1737 kWh | £706 | £174 | £880 | £12,273 | 13.9 yrs | £5,325 |
| 6 kW | 5210 kWh | 3126 kWh | 2084 kWh | £847 | £208 | £1,056 | £14,307 | 13.6 yrs | £6,810 |
| 7 kW | 6078 kWh | 3647 kWh | 2431 kWh | £989 | £243 | £1,232 | £16,342 | 13.3 yrs | £8,295 |
| 8 kW | 6947 kWh | 4168 kWh | 2779 kWh | £1,130 | £278 | £1,408 | £18,376 | 13.1 yrs | £9,780 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £954, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1737 kWh | 1216 kWh | 521 kWh | £330 | £52 | £382 | £7,569 | 19.8 yrs | £64 |
| 3 kW | 2605 kWh | 1824 kWh | 782 kWh | £494 | £78 | £573 | £9,604 | 16.8 yrs | £1,847 |
| 4 kW | 3473 kWh | 2431 kWh | 1042 kWh | £659 | £104 | £763 | £11,638 | 15.2 yrs | £3,629 |
| 5 kW | 4342 kWh | 3039 kWh | 1303 kWh | £824 | £130 | £954 | £13,673 | 14.3 yrs | £5,411 |
| 6 kW | 5210 kWh | 3647 kWh | 1563 kWh | £989 | £156 | £1,145 | £15,707 | 13.7 yrs | £7,193 |
| 7 kW | 6078 kWh | 4255 kWh | 1824 kWh | £1,153 | £182 | £1,336 | £17,742 | 13.3 yrs | £8,975 |
| 8 kW | 6947 kWh | 4863 kWh | 2084 kWh | £1,318 | £208 | £1,527 | £19,776 | 13.0 yrs | £10,758 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £976, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1737 kWh | 1268 kWh | 469 kWh | £344 | £47 | £391 | £9,319 | 23.9 yrs | £-1,507 |
| 3 kW | 2605 kWh | 1902 kWh | 703 kWh | £516 | £70 | £586 | £11,354 | 19.4 yrs | £364 |
| 4 kW | 3473 kWh | 2536 kWh | 938 kWh | £687 | £94 | £781 | £13,388 | 17.1 yrs | £2,235 |
| 5 kW | 4342 kWh | 3169 kWh | 1172 kWh | £859 | £117 | £976 | £15,423 | 15.8 yrs | £4,107 |
| 6 kW | 5210 kWh | 3803 kWh | 1407 kWh | £1,031 | £141 | £1,172 | £17,457 | 14.9 yrs | £5,978 |
| 7 kW | 6078 kWh | 4437 kWh | 1641 kWh | £1,203 | £164 | £1,367 | £19,492 | 14.3 yrs | £7,849 |
| 8 kW | 6947 kWh | 5071 kWh | 1876 kWh | £1,375 | £188 | £1,562 | £21,526 | 13.8 yrs | £9,721 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £991, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1737 kWh | 1303 kWh | 434 kWh | £353 | £43 | £397 | £11,069 | 27.9 yrs | £-3,138 |
| 3 kW | 2605 kWh | 1954 kWh | 651 kWh | £530 | £65 | £595 | £13,104 | 22.0 yrs | £-1,208 |
| 4 kW | 3473 kWh | 2605 kWh | 868 kWh | £706 | £87 | £793 | £15,138 | 19.1 yrs | £723 |
| 5 kW | 4342 kWh | 3256 kWh | 1085 kWh | £883 | £109 | £991 | £17,173 | 17.3 yrs | £2,654 |
| 6 kW | 5210 kWh | 3908 kWh | 1303 kWh | £1,059 | £130 | £1,190 | £19,207 | 16.1 yrs | £4,585 |
| 7 kW | 6078 kWh | 4559 kWh | 1520 kWh | £1,236 | £152 | £1,388 | £21,242 | 15.3 yrs | £6,515 |
| 8 kW | 6947 kWh | 5210 kWh | 1737 kWh | £1,412 | £174 | £1,586 | £23,276 | 14.7 yrs | £8,446 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,006, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1737 kWh | 1337 kWh | 399 kWh | £363 | £40 | £402 | £13,519 | 33.6 yrs | £-5,470 |
| 3 kW | 2605 kWh | 2006 kWh | 599 kWh | £544 | £60 | £604 | £15,554 | 25.8 yrs | £-3,479 |
| 4 kW | 3473 kWh | 2674 kWh | 799 kWh | £725 | £80 | £805 | £17,588 | 21.9 yrs | £-1,489 |
| 5 kW | 4342 kWh | 3343 kWh | 999 kWh | £906 | £100 | £1,006 | £19,623 | 19.5 yrs | £501 |
| 6 kW | 5210 kWh | 4012 kWh | 1198 kWh | £1,088 | £120 | £1,207 | £21,657 | 17.9 yrs | £2,491 |
| 7 kW | 6078 kWh | 4680 kWh | 1398 kWh | £1,269 | £140 | £1,409 | £23,692 | 16.8 yrs | £4,481 |
| 8 kW | 6947 kWh | 5349 kWh | 1598 kWh | £1,450 | £160 | £1,610 | £25,726 | 16.0 yrs | £6,472 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.