A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 938 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £790, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1877 kWh | 751 kWh | 1126 kWh | £204 | £113 | £316 | £4,069 | 12.9 yrs | £2,254 |
| 3 kW | 2815 kWh | 1126 kWh | 1689 kWh | £305 | £169 | £474 | £6,104 | 12.9 yrs | £3,381 |
| 4 kW | 3754 kWh | 1502 kWh | 2252 kWh | £407 | £225 | £632 | £8,138 | 12.9 yrs | £4,508 |
| 5 kW | 4692 kWh | 1877 kWh | 2815 kWh | £509 | £282 | £790 | £10,173 | 12.9 yrs | £5,635 |
| 6 kW | 5631 kWh | 2252 kWh | 3378 kWh | £611 | £338 | £948 | £12,207 | 12.9 yrs | £6,762 |
| 7 kW | 6569 kWh | 2628 kWh | 3942 kWh | £712 | £394 | £1,107 | £14,242 | 12.9 yrs | £7,889 |
| 8 kW | 7508 kWh | 3003 kWh | 4505 kWh | £814 | £450 | £1,265 | £16,276 | 12.9 yrs | £9,016 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £951, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1877 kWh | 1126 kWh | 751 kWh | £305 | £75 | £380 | £6,169 | 16.2 yrs | £1,439 |
| 3 kW | 2815 kWh | 1689 kWh | 1126 kWh | £458 | £113 | £571 | £8,204 | 14.4 yrs | £3,208 |
| 4 kW | 3754 kWh | 2252 kWh | 1502 kWh | £611 | £150 | £761 | £10,238 | 13.5 yrs | £4,977 |
| 5 kW | 4692 kWh | 2815 kWh | 1877 kWh | £763 | £188 | £951 | £12,273 | 12.9 yrs | £6,746 |
| 6 kW | 5631 kWh | 3378 kWh | 2252 kWh | £916 | £225 | £1,141 | £14,307 | 12.5 yrs | £8,516 |
| 7 kW | 6569 kWh | 3942 kWh | 2628 kWh | £1,069 | £263 | £1,331 | £16,342 | 12.3 yrs | £10,285 |
| 8 kW | 7508 kWh | 4505 kWh | 3003 kWh | £1,221 | £300 | £1,522 | £18,376 | 12.1 yrs | £12,054 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,031, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1877 kWh | 1314 kWh | 563 kWh | £356 | £56 | £412 | £7,569 | 18.3 yrs | £681 |
| 3 kW | 2815 kWh | 1971 kWh | 845 kWh | £534 | £84 | £619 | £9,604 | 15.5 yrs | £2,771 |
| 4 kW | 3754 kWh | 2628 kWh | 1126 kWh | £712 | £113 | £825 | £11,638 | 14.1 yrs | £4,862 |
| 5 kW | 4692 kWh | 3285 kWh | 1408 kWh | £890 | £141 | £1,031 | £13,673 | 13.3 yrs | £6,952 |
| 6 kW | 5631 kWh | 3942 kWh | 1689 kWh | £1,069 | £169 | £1,237 | £15,707 | 12.7 yrs | £9,042 |
| 7 kW | 6569 kWh | 4598 kWh | 1971 kWh | £1,247 | £197 | £1,444 | £17,742 | 12.3 yrs | £11,133 |
| 8 kW | 7508 kWh | 5255 kWh | 2252 kWh | £1,425 | £225 | £1,650 | £19,776 | 12.0 yrs | £13,223 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,055, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1877 kWh | 1370 kWh | 507 kWh | £371 | £51 | £422 | £9,319 | 22.1 yrs | £-877 |
| 3 kW | 2815 kWh | 2055 kWh | 760 kWh | £557 | £76 | £633 | £11,354 | 17.9 yrs | £1,310 |
| 4 kW | 3754 kWh | 2740 kWh | 1014 kWh | £743 | £101 | £844 | £13,388 | 15.9 yrs | £3,497 |
| 5 kW | 4692 kWh | 3425 kWh | 1267 kWh | £929 | £127 | £1,055 | £15,423 | 14.6 yrs | £5,684 |
| 6 kW | 5631 kWh | 4110 kWh | 1520 kWh | £1,114 | £152 | £1,266 | £17,457 | 13.8 yrs | £7,870 |
| 7 kW | 6569 kWh | 4796 kWh | 1774 kWh | £1,300 | £177 | £1,477 | £19,492 | 13.2 yrs | £10,057 |
| 8 kW | 7508 kWh | 5481 kWh | 2027 kWh | £1,486 | £203 | £1,688 | £21,526 | 12.7 yrs | £12,244 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,071, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1877 kWh | 1408 kWh | 469 kWh | £382 | £47 | £429 | £11,069 | 25.8 yrs | £-2,498 |
| 3 kW | 2815 kWh | 2112 kWh | 704 kWh | £572 | £70 | £643 | £13,104 | 20.4 yrs | £-247 |
| 4 kW | 3754 kWh | 2815 kWh | 938 kWh | £763 | £94 | £857 | £15,138 | 17.7 yrs | £2,004 |
| 5 kW | 4692 kWh | 3519 kWh | 1173 kWh | £954 | £117 | £1,071 | £17,173 | 16.0 yrs | £4,255 |
| 6 kW | 5631 kWh | 4223 kWh | 1408 kWh | £1,145 | £141 | £1,286 | £19,207 | 14.9 yrs | £6,506 |
| 7 kW | 6569 kWh | 4927 kWh | 1642 kWh | £1,336 | £164 | £1,500 | £21,242 | 14.2 yrs | £8,757 |
| 8 kW | 7508 kWh | 5631 kWh | 1877 kWh | £1,526 | £188 | £1,714 | £23,276 | 13.6 yrs | £11,008 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,087, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1877 kWh | 1445 kWh | 432 kWh | £392 | £43 | £435 | £13,519 | 31.1 yrs | £-4,820 |
| 3 kW | 2815 kWh | 2168 kWh | 648 kWh | £588 | £65 | £652 | £15,554 | 23.8 yrs | £-2,504 |
| 4 kW | 3754 kWh | 2890 kWh | 863 kWh | £784 | £86 | £870 | £17,588 | 20.2 yrs | £-189 |
| 5 kW | 4692 kWh | 3613 kWh | 1079 kWh | £980 | £108 | £1,087 | £19,623 | 18.0 yrs | £2,126 |
| 6 kW | 5631 kWh | 4336 kWh | 1295 kWh | £1,175 | £130 | £1,305 | £21,657 | 16.6 yrs | £4,441 |
| 7 kW | 6569 kWh | 5058 kWh | 1511 kWh | £1,371 | £151 | £1,522 | £23,692 | 15.6 yrs | £6,756 |
| 8 kW | 7508 kWh | 5781 kWh | 1727 kWh | £1,567 | £173 | £1,740 | £25,726 | 14.8 yrs | £9,072 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.