A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 950 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £800, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1900 kWh | 760 kWh | 1140 kWh | £206 | £114 | £320 | £4,069 | 12.7 yrs | £2,331 |
| 3 kW | 2850 kWh | 1140 kWh | 1710 kWh | £309 | £171 | £480 | £6,104 | 12.7 yrs | £3,496 |
| 4 kW | 3799 kWh | 1520 kWh | 2280 kWh | £412 | £228 | £640 | £8,138 | 12.7 yrs | £4,661 |
| 5 kW | 4749 kWh | 1900 kWh | 2850 kWh | £515 | £285 | £800 | £10,173 | 12.7 yrs | £5,827 |
| 6 kW | 5699 kWh | 2280 kWh | 3419 kWh | £618 | £342 | £960 | £12,207 | 12.7 yrs | £6,992 |
| 7 kW | 6649 kWh | 2660 kWh | 3989 kWh | £721 | £399 | £1,120 | £14,242 | 12.7 yrs | £8,157 |
| 8 kW | 7599 kWh | 3040 kWh | 4559 kWh | £824 | £456 | £1,280 | £16,276 | 12.7 yrs | £9,323 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £962, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1900 kWh | 1140 kWh | 760 kWh | £309 | £76 | £385 | £6,169 | 16.0 yrs | £1,531 |
| 3 kW | 2850 kWh | 1710 kWh | 1140 kWh | £464 | £114 | £577 | £8,204 | 14.2 yrs | £3,346 |
| 4 kW | 3799 kWh | 2280 kWh | 1520 kWh | £618 | £152 | £770 | £10,238 | 13.3 yrs | £5,162 |
| 5 kW | 4749 kWh | 2850 kWh | 1900 kWh | £773 | £190 | £962 | £12,273 | 12.8 yrs | £6,977 |
| 6 kW | 5699 kWh | 3419 kWh | 2280 kWh | £927 | £228 | £1,155 | £14,307 | 12.4 yrs | £8,793 |
| 7 kW | 6649 kWh | 3989 kWh | 2660 kWh | £1,082 | £266 | £1,347 | £16,342 | 12.1 yrs | £10,608 |
| 8 kW | 7599 kWh | 4559 kWh | 3040 kWh | £1,236 | £304 | £1,540 | £18,376 | 11.9 yrs | £12,423 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,044, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1900 kWh | 1330 kWh | 570 kWh | £361 | £57 | £417 | £7,569 | 18.1 yrs | £781 |
| 3 kW | 2850 kWh | 1995 kWh | 855 kWh | £541 | £85 | £626 | £9,604 | 15.3 yrs | £2,921 |
| 4 kW | 3799 kWh | 2660 kWh | 1140 kWh | £721 | £114 | £835 | £11,638 | 13.9 yrs | £5,062 |
| 5 kW | 4749 kWh | 3324 kWh | 1425 kWh | £901 | £142 | £1,044 | £13,673 | 13.1 yrs | £7,202 |
| 6 kW | 5699 kWh | 3989 kWh | 1710 kWh | £1,082 | £171 | £1,252 | £15,707 | 12.5 yrs | £9,343 |
| 7 kW | 6649 kWh | 4654 kWh | 1995 kWh | £1,262 | £199 | £1,461 | £17,742 | 12.1 yrs | £11,483 |
| 8 kW | 7599 kWh | 5319 kWh | 2280 kWh | £1,442 | £228 | £1,670 | £19,776 | 11.8 yrs | £13,624 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,068, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1900 kWh | 1387 kWh | 513 kWh | £376 | £51 | £427 | £9,319 | 21.8 yrs | £-774 |
| 3 kW | 2850 kWh | 2080 kWh | 769 kWh | £564 | £77 | £641 | £11,354 | 17.7 yrs | £1,464 |
| 4 kW | 3799 kWh | 2774 kWh | 1026 kWh | £752 | £103 | £854 | £13,388 | 15.7 yrs | £3,702 |
| 5 kW | 4749 kWh | 3467 kWh | 1282 kWh | £940 | £128 | £1,068 | £15,423 | 14.4 yrs | £5,940 |
| 6 kW | 5699 kWh | 4160 kWh | 1539 kWh | £1,128 | £154 | £1,282 | £17,457 | 13.6 yrs | £8,178 |
| 7 kW | 6649 kWh | 4854 kWh | 1795 kWh | £1,316 | £180 | £1,495 | £19,492 | 13.0 yrs | £10,416 |
| 8 kW | 7599 kWh | 5547 kWh | 2052 kWh | £1,504 | £205 | £1,709 | £21,526 | 12.6 yrs | £12,654 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,084, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1900 kWh | 1425 kWh | 475 kWh | £386 | £47 | £434 | £11,069 | 25.5 yrs | £-2,394 |
| 3 kW | 2850 kWh | 2137 kWh | 712 kWh | £579 | £71 | £651 | £13,104 | 20.1 yrs | £-91 |
| 4 kW | 3799 kWh | 2850 kWh | 950 kWh | £773 | £95 | £867 | £15,138 | 17.5 yrs | £2,212 |
| 5 kW | 4749 kWh | 3562 kWh | 1187 kWh | £966 | £119 | £1,084 | £17,173 | 15.8 yrs | £4,515 |
| 6 kW | 5699 kWh | 4274 kWh | 1425 kWh | £1,159 | £142 | £1,301 | £19,207 | 14.8 yrs | £6,818 |
| 7 kW | 6649 kWh | 4987 kWh | 1662 kWh | £1,352 | £166 | £1,518 | £21,242 | 14.0 yrs | £9,121 |
| 8 kW | 7599 kWh | 5699 kWh | 1900 kWh | £1,545 | £190 | £1,735 | £23,276 | 13.4 yrs | £11,424 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,101, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1900 kWh | 1463 kWh | 437 kWh | £397 | £44 | £440 | £13,519 | 30.7 yrs | £-4,714 |
| 3 kW | 2850 kWh | 2194 kWh | 655 kWh | £595 | £66 | £660 | £15,554 | 23.6 yrs | £-2,346 |
| 4 kW | 3799 kWh | 2926 kWh | 874 kWh | £793 | £87 | £880 | £17,588 | 20.0 yrs | £22 |
| 5 kW | 4749 kWh | 3657 kWh | 1092 kWh | £991 | £109 | £1,101 | £19,623 | 17.8 yrs | £2,390 |
| 6 kW | 5699 kWh | 4388 kWh | 1311 kWh | £1,190 | £131 | £1,321 | £21,657 | 16.4 yrs | £4,758 |
| 7 kW | 6649 kWh | 5120 kWh | 1529 kWh | £1,388 | £153 | £1,541 | £23,692 | 15.4 yrs | £7,126 |
| 8 kW | 7599 kWh | 5851 kWh | 1748 kWh | £1,586 | £175 | £1,761 | £25,726 | 14.6 yrs | £9,494 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.