A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1002 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.8p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £838, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2004 kWh | 802 kWh | 1203 kWh | £215 | £120 | £335 | £4,069 | 12.1 yrs | £2,636 |
| 3 kW | 3006 kWh | 1203 kWh | 1804 kWh | £323 | £180 | £503 | £6,104 | 12.1 yrs | £3,955 |
| 4 kW | 4008 kWh | 1603 kWh | 2405 kWh | £430 | £241 | £671 | £8,138 | 12.1 yrs | £5,273 |
| 5 kW | 5011 kWh | 2004 kWh | 3006 kWh | £538 | £301 | £838 | £10,173 | 12.1 yrs | £6,591 |
| 6 kW | 6013 kWh | 2405 kWh | 3608 kWh | £645 | £361 | £1,006 | £12,207 | 12.1 yrs | £7,909 |
| 7 kW | 7015 kWh | 2806 kWh | 4209 kWh | £753 | £421 | £1,173 | £14,242 | 12.1 yrs | £9,227 |
| 8 kW | 8017 kWh | 3207 kWh | 4810 kWh | £860 | £481 | £1,341 | £16,276 | 12.1 yrs | £10,545 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,007, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2004 kWh | 1203 kWh | 802 kWh | £323 | £80 | £403 | £6,169 | 15.3 yrs | £1,885 |
| 3 kW | 3006 kWh | 1804 kWh | 1203 kWh | £484 | £120 | £604 | £8,204 | 13.6 yrs | £3,877 |
| 4 kW | 4008 kWh | 2405 kWh | 1603 kWh | £645 | £160 | £805 | £10,238 | 12.7 yrs | £5,870 |
| 5 kW | 5011 kWh | 3006 kWh | 2004 kWh | £806 | £200 | £1,007 | £12,273 | 12.2 yrs | £7,862 |
| 6 kW | 6013 kWh | 3608 kWh | 2405 kWh | £968 | £241 | £1,208 | £14,307 | 11.8 yrs | £9,854 |
| 7 kW | 7015 kWh | 4209 kWh | 2806 kWh | £1,129 | £281 | £1,409 | £16,342 | 11.6 yrs | £11,847 |
| 8 kW | 8017 kWh | 4810 kWh | 3207 kWh | £1,290 | £321 | £1,611 | £18,376 | 11.4 yrs | £13,839 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,091, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2004 kWh | 1403 kWh | 601 kWh | £376 | £60 | £436 | £7,569 | 17.3 yrs | £1,159 |
| 3 kW | 3006 kWh | 2104 kWh | 902 kWh | £564 | £90 | £655 | £9,604 | 14.7 yrs | £3,489 |
| 4 kW | 4008 kWh | 2806 kWh | 1203 kWh | £753 | £120 | £873 | £11,638 | 13.3 yrs | £5,818 |
| 5 kW | 5011 kWh | 3507 kWh | 1503 kWh | £941 | £150 | £1,091 | £13,673 | 12.5 yrs | £8,148 |
| 6 kW | 6013 kWh | 4209 kWh | 1804 kWh | £1,129 | £180 | £1,309 | £15,707 | 12.0 yrs | £10,477 |
| 7 kW | 7015 kWh | 4910 kWh | 2104 kWh | £1,317 | £210 | £1,527 | £17,742 | 11.6 yrs | £12,807 |
| 8 kW | 8017 kWh | 5612 kWh | 2405 kWh | £1,505 | £241 | £1,746 | £19,776 | 11.3 yrs | £15,136 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,116, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2004 kWh | 1463 kWh | 541 kWh | £392 | £54 | £447 | £9,319 | 20.9 yrs | £-389 |
| 3 kW | 3006 kWh | 2195 kWh | 812 kWh | £589 | £81 | £670 | £11,354 | 17.0 yrs | £2,042 |
| 4 kW | 4008 kWh | 2926 kWh | 1082 kWh | £785 | £108 | £893 | £13,388 | 15.0 yrs | £4,473 |
| 5 kW | 5011 kWh | 3658 kWh | 1353 kWh | £981 | £135 | £1,116 | £15,423 | 13.8 yrs | £6,903 |
| 6 kW | 6013 kWh | 4389 kWh | 1623 kWh | £1,177 | £162 | £1,340 | £17,457 | 13.0 yrs | £9,334 |
| 7 kW | 7015 kWh | 5121 kWh | 1894 kWh | £1,373 | £189 | £1,563 | £19,492 | 12.5 yrs | £11,765 |
| 8 kW | 8017 kWh | 5852 kWh | 2165 kWh | £1,570 | £216 | £1,786 | £21,526 | 12.1 yrs | £14,195 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,133, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2004 kWh | 1503 kWh | 501 kWh | £403 | £50 | £453 | £11,069 | 24.4 yrs | £-2,004 |
| 3 kW | 3006 kWh | 2255 kWh | 752 kWh | £605 | £75 | £680 | £13,104 | 19.3 yrs | £494 |
| 4 kW | 4008 kWh | 3006 kWh | 1002 kWh | £806 | £100 | £907 | £15,138 | 16.7 yrs | £2,992 |
| 5 kW | 5011 kWh | 3758 kWh | 1253 kWh | £1,008 | £125 | £1,133 | £17,173 | 15.2 yrs | £5,490 |
| 6 kW | 6013 kWh | 4510 kWh | 1503 kWh | £1,209 | £150 | £1,360 | £19,207 | 14.1 yrs | £7,988 |
| 7 kW | 7015 kWh | 5261 kWh | 1754 kWh | £1,411 | £175 | £1,586 | £21,242 | 13.4 yrs | £10,487 |
| 8 kW | 8017 kWh | 6013 kWh | 2004 kWh | £1,613 | £200 | £1,813 | £23,276 | 12.8 yrs | £12,985 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,150, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2004 kWh | 1543 kWh | 461 kWh | £414 | £46 | £460 | £13,519 | 29.4 yrs | £-4,319 |
| 3 kW | 3006 kWh | 2315 kWh | 691 kWh | £621 | £69 | £690 | £15,554 | 22.5 yrs | £-1,753 |
| 4 kW | 4008 kWh | 3087 kWh | 922 kWh | £828 | £92 | £920 | £17,588 | 19.1 yrs | £812 |
| 5 kW | 5011 kWh | 3858 kWh | 1152 kWh | £1,035 | £115 | £1,150 | £19,623 | 17.1 yrs | £3,378 |
| 6 kW | 6013 kWh | 4630 kWh | 1383 kWh | £1,242 | £138 | £1,380 | £21,657 | 15.7 yrs | £5,943 |
| 7 kW | 7015 kWh | 5401 kWh | 1613 kWh | £1,449 | £161 | £1,610 | £23,692 | 14.7 yrs | £8,509 |
| 8 kW | 8017 kWh | 6173 kWh | 1844 kWh | £1,656 | £184 | £1,840 | £25,726 | 14.0 yrs | £11,074 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.