A typical roof here lands around 3.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1032 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.8p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £863, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2063 kWh | 825 kWh | 1238 kWh | £221 | £124 | £345 | £4,069 | 11.8 yrs | £2,834 |
| 3 kW | 3095 kWh | 1238 kWh | 1857 kWh | £332 | £186 | £518 | £6,104 | 11.8 yrs | £4,252 |
| 4 kW | 4127 kWh | 1651 kWh | 2476 kWh | £443 | £248 | £690 | £8,138 | 11.8 yrs | £5,669 |
| 5 kW | 5159 kWh | 2063 kWh | 3095 kWh | £553 | £310 | £863 | £10,173 | 11.8 yrs | £7,086 |
| 6 kW | 6190 kWh | 2476 kWh | 3714 kWh | £664 | £371 | £1,036 | £12,207 | 11.8 yrs | £8,503 |
| 7 kW | 7222 kWh | 2889 kWh | 4333 kWh | £775 | £433 | £1,208 | £14,242 | 11.8 yrs | £9,921 |
| 8 kW | 8254 kWh | 3302 kWh | 4952 kWh | £885 | £495 | £1,381 | £16,276 | 11.8 yrs | £11,338 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,036, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2063 kWh | 1238 kWh | 825 kWh | £332 | £83 | £415 | £6,169 | 14.9 yrs | £2,123 |
| 3 kW | 3095 kWh | 1857 kWh | 1238 kWh | £498 | £124 | £622 | £8,204 | 13.2 yrs | £4,234 |
| 4 kW | 4127 kWh | 2476 kWh | 1651 kWh | £664 | £165 | £829 | £10,238 | 12.3 yrs | £6,346 |
| 5 kW | 5159 kWh | 3095 kWh | 2063 kWh | £830 | £206 | £1,036 | £12,273 | 11.8 yrs | £8,457 |
| 6 kW | 6190 kWh | 3714 kWh | 2476 kWh | £996 | £248 | £1,244 | £14,307 | 11.5 yrs | £10,568 |
| 7 kW | 7222 kWh | 4333 kWh | 2889 kWh | £1,162 | £289 | £1,451 | £16,342 | 11.3 yrs | £12,680 |
| 8 kW | 8254 kWh | 4952 kWh | 3302 kWh | £1,328 | £330 | £1,658 | £18,376 | 11.1 yrs | £14,791 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,123, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2063 kWh | 1444 kWh | 619 kWh | £387 | £62 | £449 | £7,569 | 16.8 yrs | £1,417 |
| 3 kW | 3095 kWh | 2167 kWh | 929 kWh | £581 | £93 | £674 | £9,604 | 14.2 yrs | £3,875 |
| 4 kW | 4127 kWh | 2889 kWh | 1238 kWh | £775 | £124 | £899 | £11,638 | 13.0 yrs | £6,334 |
| 5 kW | 5159 kWh | 3611 kWh | 1548 kWh | £968 | £155 | £1,123 | £13,673 | 12.2 yrs | £8,792 |
| 6 kW | 6190 kWh | 4333 kWh | 1857 kWh | £1,162 | £186 | £1,348 | £15,707 | 11.7 yrs | £11,251 |
| 7 kW | 7222 kWh | 5055 kWh | 2167 kWh | £1,356 | £217 | £1,573 | £17,742 | 11.3 yrs | £13,709 |
| 8 kW | 8254 kWh | 5778 kWh | 2476 kWh | £1,550 | £248 | £1,797 | £19,776 | 11.0 yrs | £16,168 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,149, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2063 kWh | 1506 kWh | 557 kWh | £404 | £56 | £460 | £9,319 | 20.3 yrs | £-125 |
| 3 kW | 3095 kWh | 2259 kWh | 836 kWh | £606 | £84 | £690 | £11,354 | 16.5 yrs | £2,438 |
| 4 kW | 4127 kWh | 3013 kWh | 1114 kWh | £808 | £111 | £919 | £13,388 | 14.6 yrs | £5,000 |
| 5 kW | 5159 kWh | 3766 kWh | 1393 kWh | £1,010 | £139 | £1,149 | £15,423 | 13.4 yrs | £7,563 |
| 6 kW | 6190 kWh | 4519 kWh | 1671 kWh | £1,212 | £167 | £1,379 | £17,457 | 12.7 yrs | £10,126 |
| 7 kW | 7222 kWh | 5272 kWh | 1950 kWh | £1,414 | £195 | £1,609 | £19,492 | 12.1 yrs | £12,688 |
| 8 kW | 8254 kWh | 6025 kWh | 2229 kWh | £1,616 | £223 | £1,839 | £21,526 | 11.7 yrs | £15,251 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,167, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2063 kWh | 1548 kWh | 516 kWh | £415 | £52 | £467 | £11,069 | 23.7 yrs | £-1,736 |
| 3 kW | 3095 kWh | 2321 kWh | 774 kWh | £623 | £77 | £700 | £13,104 | 18.7 yrs | £896 |
| 4 kW | 4127 kWh | 3095 kWh | 1032 kWh | £830 | £103 | £933 | £15,138 | 16.2 yrs | £3,528 |
| 5 kW | 5159 kWh | 3869 kWh | 1290 kWh | £1,038 | £129 | £1,167 | £17,173 | 14.7 yrs | £6,160 |
| 6 kW | 6190 kWh | 4643 kWh | 1548 kWh | £1,245 | £155 | £1,400 | £19,207 | 13.7 yrs | £8,792 |
| 7 kW | 7222 kWh | 5417 kWh | 1806 kWh | £1,453 | £181 | £1,633 | £21,242 | 13.0 yrs | £11,424 |
| 8 kW | 8254 kWh | 6190 kWh | 2063 kWh | £1,660 | £206 | £1,867 | £23,276 | 12.5 yrs | £14,056 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,184, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2063 kWh | 1589 kWh | 475 kWh | £426 | £47 | £474 | £13,519 | 28.5 yrs | £-4,047 |
| 3 kW | 3095 kWh | 2383 kWh | 712 kWh | £639 | £71 | £710 | £15,554 | 21.9 yrs | £-1,346 |
| 4 kW | 4127 kWh | 3178 kWh | 949 kWh | £852 | £95 | £947 | £17,588 | 18.6 yrs | £1,356 |
| 5 kW | 5159 kWh | 3972 kWh | 1186 kWh | £1,065 | £119 | £1,184 | £19,623 | 16.6 yrs | £4,057 |
| 6 kW | 6190 kWh | 4767 kWh | 1424 kWh | £1,278 | £142 | £1,421 | £21,657 | 15.2 yrs | £6,759 |
| 7 kW | 7222 kWh | 5561 kWh | 1661 kWh | £1,491 | £166 | £1,658 | £23,692 | 14.3 yrs | £9,460 |
| 8 kW | 8254 kWh | 6355 kWh | 1898 kWh | £1,705 | £190 | £1,894 | £25,726 | 13.6 yrs | £12,161 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.