A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1075 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £892, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2149 kWh | 860 kWh | 1290 kWh | £228 | £129 | £357 | £4,069 | 11.4 yrs | £3,063 |
| 3 kW | 3224 kWh | 1290 kWh | 1934 kWh | £341 | £193 | £535 | £6,104 | 11.4 yrs | £4,595 |
| 4 kW | 4299 kWh | 1720 kWh | 2579 kWh | £455 | £258 | £713 | £8,138 | 11.4 yrs | £6,127 |
| 5 kW | 5373 kWh | 2149 kWh | 3224 kWh | £569 | £322 | £892 | £10,173 | 11.4 yrs | £7,659 |
| 6 kW | 6448 kWh | 2579 kWh | 3869 kWh | £683 | £387 | £1,070 | £12,207 | 11.4 yrs | £9,190 |
| 7 kW | 7523 kWh | 3009 kWh | 4514 kWh | £797 | £451 | £1,248 | £14,242 | 11.4 yrs | £10,722 |
| 8 kW | 8598 kWh | 3439 kWh | 5159 kWh | £911 | £516 | £1,427 | £16,276 | 11.4 yrs | £12,254 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,069, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2149 kWh | 1290 kWh | 860 kWh | £341 | £86 | £427 | £6,169 | 14.4 yrs | £2,380 |
| 3 kW | 3224 kWh | 1934 kWh | 1290 kWh | £512 | £129 | £641 | £8,204 | 12.8 yrs | £4,621 |
| 4 kW | 4299 kWh | 2579 kWh | 1720 kWh | £683 | £172 | £855 | £10,238 | 12.0 yrs | £6,861 |
| 5 kW | 5373 kWh | 3224 kWh | 2149 kWh | £854 | £215 | £1,069 | £12,273 | 11.5 yrs | £9,101 |
| 6 kW | 6448 kWh | 3869 kWh | 2579 kWh | £1,024 | £258 | £1,282 | £14,307 | 11.2 yrs | £11,341 |
| 7 kW | 7523 kWh | 4514 kWh | 3009 kWh | £1,195 | £301 | £1,496 | £16,342 | 10.9 yrs | £13,581 |
| 8 kW | 8598 kWh | 5159 kWh | 3439 kWh | £1,366 | £344 | £1,710 | £18,376 | 10.7 yrs | £15,821 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,157, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 11.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2149 kWh | 1505 kWh | 645 kWh | £398 | £64 | £463 | £7,569 | 16.4 yrs | £1,689 |
| 3 kW | 3224 kWh | 2257 kWh | 967 kWh | £598 | £97 | £694 | £9,604 | 13.8 yrs | £4,283 |
| 4 kW | 4299 kWh | 3009 kWh | 1290 kWh | £797 | £129 | £926 | £11,638 | 12.6 yrs | £6,878 |
| 5 kW | 5373 kWh | 3761 kWh | 1612 kWh | £996 | £161 | £1,157 | £13,673 | 11.8 yrs | £9,472 |
| 6 kW | 6448 kWh | 4514 kWh | 1934 kWh | £1,195 | £193 | £1,389 | £15,707 | 11.3 yrs | £12,066 |
| 7 kW | 7523 kWh | 5266 kWh | 2257 kWh | £1,394 | £226 | £1,620 | £17,742 | 11.0 yrs | £14,661 |
| 8 kW | 8598 kWh | 6018 kWh | 2579 kWh | £1,594 | £258 | £1,852 | £19,776 | 10.7 yrs | £17,255 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,184, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2149 kWh | 1569 kWh | 580 kWh | £415 | £58 | £474 | £9,319 | 19.7 yrs | £151 |
| 3 kW | 3224 kWh | 2354 kWh | 870 kWh | £623 | £87 | £710 | £11,354 | 16.0 yrs | £2,852 |
| 4 kW | 4299 kWh | 3138 kWh | 1161 kWh | £831 | £116 | £947 | £13,388 | 14.1 yrs | £5,553 |
| 5 kW | 5373 kWh | 3923 kWh | 1451 kWh | £1,039 | £145 | £1,184 | £15,423 | 13.0 yrs | £8,253 |
| 6 kW | 6448 kWh | 4707 kWh | 1741 kWh | £1,246 | £174 | £1,421 | £17,457 | 12.3 yrs | £10,954 |
| 7 kW | 7523 kWh | 5492 kWh | 2031 kWh | £1,454 | £203 | £1,657 | £19,492 | 11.8 yrs | £13,655 |
| 8 kW | 8598 kWh | 6276 kWh | 2321 kWh | £1,662 | £232 | £1,894 | £21,526 | 11.4 yrs | £16,355 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,202, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2149 kWh | 1612 kWh | 537 kWh | £427 | £54 | £481 | £11,069 | 23.0 yrs | £-1,457 |
| 3 kW | 3224 kWh | 2418 kWh | 806 kWh | £640 | £81 | £721 | £13,104 | 18.2 yrs | £1,315 |
| 4 kW | 4299 kWh | 3224 kWh | 1075 kWh | £854 | £107 | £961 | £15,138 | 15.7 yrs | £4,086 |
| 5 kW | 5373 kWh | 4030 kWh | 1343 kWh | £1,067 | £134 | £1,202 | £17,173 | 14.3 yrs | £6,858 |
| 6 kW | 6448 kWh | 4836 kWh | 1612 kWh | £1,281 | £161 | £1,442 | £19,207 | 13.3 yrs | £9,629 |
| 7 kW | 7523 kWh | 5642 kWh | 1881 kWh | £1,494 | £188 | £1,682 | £21,242 | 12.6 yrs | £12,401 |
| 8 kW | 8598 kWh | 6448 kWh | 2149 kWh | £1,707 | £215 | £1,922 | £23,276 | 12.1 yrs | £15,172 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,219, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2149 kWh | 1655 kWh | 494 kWh | £438 | £49 | £488 | £13,519 | 27.7 yrs | £-3,765 |
| 3 kW | 3224 kWh | 2483 kWh | 742 kWh | £657 | £74 | £732 | £15,554 | 21.3 yrs | £-923 |
| 4 kW | 4299 kWh | 3310 kWh | 989 kWh | £876 | £99 | £975 | £17,588 | 18.0 yrs | £1,919 |
| 5 kW | 5373 kWh | 4138 kWh | 1236 kWh | £1,096 | £124 | £1,219 | £19,623 | 16.1 yrs | £4,762 |
| 6 kW | 6448 kWh | 4965 kWh | 1483 kWh | £1,315 | £148 | £1,463 | £21,657 | 14.8 yrs | £7,604 |
| 7 kW | 7523 kWh | 5793 kWh | 1730 kWh | £1,534 | £173 | £1,707 | £23,692 | 13.9 yrs | £10,446 |
| 8 kW | 8598 kWh | 6620 kWh | 1977 kWh | £1,753 | £198 | £1,951 | £25,726 | 13.2 yrs | £13,289 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.