A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 906 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.3p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £731, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1812 kWh | 725 kWh | 1087 kWh | £184 | £109 | £292 | £4,069 | 13.9 yrs | £1,776 |
| 3 kW | 2718 kWh | 1087 kWh | 1631 kWh | £275 | £163 | £438 | £6,104 | 13.9 yrs | £2,664 |
| 4 kW | 3623 kWh | 1449 kWh | 2174 kWh | £367 | £217 | £585 | £8,138 | 13.9 yrs | £3,553 |
| 5 kW | 4529 kWh | 1812 kWh | 2718 kWh | £459 | £272 | £731 | £10,173 | 13.9 yrs | £4,441 |
| 6 kW | 5435 kWh | 2174 kWh | 3261 kWh | £551 | £326 | £877 | £12,207 | 13.9 yrs | £5,329 |
| 7 kW | 6341 kWh | 2536 kWh | 3805 kWh | £642 | £380 | £1,023 | £14,242 | 13.9 yrs | £6,217 |
| 8 kW | 7247 kWh | 2899 kWh | 4348 kWh | £734 | £435 | £1,169 | £16,276 | 13.9 yrs | £7,105 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £870, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1812 kWh | 1087 kWh | 725 kWh | £275 | £72 | £348 | £6,169 | 17.7 yrs | £787 |
| 3 kW | 2718 kWh | 1631 kWh | 1087 kWh | £413 | £109 | £522 | £8,204 | 15.7 yrs | £2,231 |
| 4 kW | 3623 kWh | 2174 kWh | 1449 kWh | £551 | £145 | £696 | £10,238 | 14.7 yrs | £3,675 |
| 5 kW | 4529 kWh | 2718 kWh | 1812 kWh | £688 | £181 | £870 | £12,273 | 14.1 yrs | £5,118 |
| 6 kW | 5435 kWh | 3261 kWh | 2174 kWh | £826 | £217 | £1,043 | £14,307 | 13.7 yrs | £6,562 |
| 7 kW | 6341 kWh | 3805 kWh | 2536 kWh | £964 | £254 | £1,217 | £16,342 | 13.4 yrs | £8,005 |
| 8 kW | 7247 kWh | 4348 kWh | 2899 kWh | £1,101 | £290 | £1,391 | £18,376 | 13.2 yrs | £9,449 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £939, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1812 kWh | 1268 kWh | 544 kWh | £321 | £54 | £376 | £7,569 | 20.2 yrs | £-57 |
| 3 kW | 2718 kWh | 1902 kWh | 815 kWh | £482 | £82 | £563 | £9,604 | 17.0 yrs | £1,664 |
| 4 kW | 3623 kWh | 2536 kWh | 1087 kWh | £642 | £109 | £751 | £11,638 | 15.5 yrs | £3,385 |
| 5 kW | 4529 kWh | 3171 kWh | 1359 kWh | £803 | £136 | £939 | £13,673 | 14.6 yrs | £5,107 |
| 6 kW | 5435 kWh | 3805 kWh | 1631 kWh | £964 | £163 | £1,127 | £15,707 | 13.9 yrs | £6,828 |
| 7 kW | 6341 kWh | 4439 kWh | 1902 kWh | £1,124 | £190 | £1,315 | £17,742 | 13.5 yrs | £8,550 |
| 8 kW | 7247 kWh | 5073 kWh | 2174 kWh | £1,285 | £217 | £1,502 | £19,776 | 13.2 yrs | £10,271 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £960, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1812 kWh | 1323 kWh | 489 kWh | £335 | £49 | £384 | £9,319 | 24.3 yrs | £-1,641 |
| 3 kW | 2718 kWh | 1984 kWh | 734 kWh | £503 | £73 | £576 | £11,354 | 19.7 yrs | £164 |
| 4 kW | 3623 kWh | 2645 kWh | 978 kWh | £670 | £98 | £768 | £13,388 | 17.4 yrs | £1,969 |
| 5 kW | 4529 kWh | 3306 kWh | 1223 kWh | £838 | £122 | £960 | £15,423 | 16.1 yrs | £3,773 |
| 6 kW | 5435 kWh | 3968 kWh | 1467 kWh | £1,005 | £147 | £1,152 | £17,457 | 15.2 yrs | £5,578 |
| 7 kW | 6341 kWh | 4629 kWh | 1712 kWh | £1,173 | £171 | £1,344 | £19,492 | 14.5 yrs | £7,383 |
| 8 kW | 7247 kWh | 5290 kWh | 1957 kWh | £1,340 | £196 | £1,536 | £21,526 | 14.0 yrs | £9,188 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £974, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1812 kWh | 1359 kWh | 453 kWh | £344 | £45 | £389 | £11,069 | 28.4 yrs | £-3,280 |
| 3 kW | 2718 kWh | 2038 kWh | 679 kWh | £516 | £68 | £584 | £13,104 | 22.4 yrs | £-1,419 |
| 4 kW | 3623 kWh | 2718 kWh | 906 kWh | £688 | £91 | £779 | £15,138 | 19.4 yrs | £441 |
| 5 kW | 4529 kWh | 3397 kWh | 1132 kWh | £860 | £113 | £974 | £17,173 | 17.6 yrs | £2,301 |
| 6 kW | 5435 kWh | 4076 kWh | 1359 kWh | £1,033 | £136 | £1,168 | £19,207 | 16.4 yrs | £4,161 |
| 7 kW | 6341 kWh | 4756 kWh | 1585 kWh | £1,205 | £159 | £1,363 | £21,242 | 15.6 yrs | £6,022 |
| 8 kW | 7247 kWh | 5435 kWh | 1812 kWh | £1,377 | £181 | £1,558 | £23,276 | 14.9 yrs | £7,882 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £988, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1812 kWh | 1395 kWh | 417 kWh | £353 | £42 | £395 | £13,519 | 34.2 yrs | £-5,618 |
| 3 kW | 2718 kWh | 2093 kWh | 625 kWh | £530 | £63 | £593 | £15,554 | 26.2 yrs | £-3,703 |
| 4 kW | 3623 kWh | 2790 kWh | 833 kWh | £707 | £83 | £790 | £17,588 | 22.3 yrs | £-1,787 |
| 5 kW | 4529 kWh | 3488 kWh | 1042 kWh | £883 | £104 | £988 | £19,623 | 19.9 yrs | £129 |
| 6 kW | 5435 kWh | 4185 kWh | 1250 kWh | £1,060 | £125 | £1,185 | £21,657 | 18.3 yrs | £2,045 |
| 7 kW | 6341 kWh | 4883 kWh | 1458 kWh | £1,237 | £146 | £1,383 | £23,692 | 17.1 yrs | £3,960 |
| 8 kW | 7247 kWh | 5580 kWh | 1667 kWh | £1,413 | £167 | £1,580 | £25,726 | 16.3 yrs | £5,876 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.