A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 731 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £615, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 16.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1462 kWh | 585 kWh | 877 kWh | £158 | £88 | £246 | £4,069 | 16.5 yrs | £850 |
| 3 kW | 2193 kWh | 877 kWh | 1316 kWh | £237 | £132 | £369 | £6,104 | 16.5 yrs | £1,275 |
| 4 kW | 2924 kWh | 1170 kWh | 1754 kWh | £316 | £175 | £492 | £8,138 | 16.5 yrs | £1,700 |
| 5 kW | 3655 kWh | 1462 kWh | 2193 kWh | £396 | £219 | £615 | £10,173 | 16.5 yrs | £2,125 |
| 6 kW | 4386 kWh | 1754 kWh | 2631 kWh | £475 | £263 | £738 | £12,207 | 16.5 yrs | £2,550 |
| 7 kW | 5117 kWh | 2047 kWh | 3070 kWh | £554 | £307 | £861 | £14,242 | 16.5 yrs | £2,975 |
| 8 kW | 5848 kWh | 2339 kWh | 3509 kWh | £633 | £351 | £984 | £16,276 | 16.5 yrs | £3,400 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £740, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 16.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1462 kWh | 877 kWh | 585 kWh | £237 | £58 | £296 | £6,169 | 20.9 yrs | £-252 |
| 3 kW | 2193 kWh | 1316 kWh | 877 kWh | £356 | £88 | £444 | £8,204 | 18.5 yrs | £671 |
| 4 kW | 2924 kWh | 1754 kWh | 1170 kWh | £475 | £117 | £592 | £10,238 | 17.3 yrs | £1,595 |
| 5 kW | 3655 kWh | 2193 kWh | 1462 kWh | £593 | £146 | £740 | £12,273 | 16.6 yrs | £2,519 |
| 6 kW | 4386 kWh | 2631 kWh | 1754 kWh | £712 | £175 | £887 | £14,307 | 16.1 yrs | £3,443 |
| 7 kW | 5117 kWh | 3070 kWh | 2047 kWh | £831 | £205 | £1,035 | £16,342 | 15.8 yrs | £4,366 |
| 8 kW | 5848 kWh | 3509 kWh | 2339 kWh | £949 | £234 | £1,183 | £18,376 | 15.5 yrs | £5,290 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £802, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 17.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1462 kWh | 1023 kWh | 439 kWh | £277 | £44 | £321 | £7,569 | 23.6 yrs | £-1,154 |
| 3 kW | 2193 kWh | 1535 kWh | 658 kWh | £415 | £66 | £481 | £9,604 | 20.0 yrs | £19 |
| 4 kW | 2924 kWh | 2047 kWh | 877 kWh | £554 | £88 | £642 | £11,638 | 18.1 yrs | £1,193 |
| 5 kW | 3655 kWh | 2558 kWh | 1096 kWh | £692 | £110 | £802 | £13,673 | 17.0 yrs | £2,366 |
| 6 kW | 4386 kWh | 3070 kWh | 1316 kWh | £831 | £132 | £962 | £15,707 | 16.3 yrs | £3,539 |
| 7 kW | 5117 kWh | 3582 kWh | 1535 kWh | £969 | £153 | £1,123 | £17,742 | 15.8 yrs | £4,712 |
| 8 kW | 5848 kWh | 4093 kWh | 1754 kWh | £1,108 | £175 | £1,283 | £19,776 | 15.4 yrs | £5,885 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £821, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 18.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1462 kWh | 1067 kWh | 395 kWh | £289 | £39 | £328 | £9,319 | 28.4 yrs | £-2,754 |
| 3 kW | 2193 kWh | 1601 kWh | 592 kWh | £433 | £59 | £492 | £11,354 | 23.1 yrs | £-1,506 |
| 4 kW | 2924 kWh | 2134 kWh | 789 kWh | £578 | £79 | £656 | £13,388 | 20.4 yrs | £-258 |
| 5 kW | 3655 kWh | 2668 kWh | 987 kWh | £722 | £99 | £821 | £15,423 | 18.8 yrs | £990 |
| 6 kW | 4386 kWh | 3202 kWh | 1184 kWh | £866 | £118 | £985 | £17,457 | 17.7 yrs | £2,238 |
| 7 kW | 5117 kWh | 3735 kWh | 1381 kWh | £1,011 | £138 | £1,149 | £19,492 | 17.0 yrs | £3,486 |
| 8 kW | 5848 kWh | 4269 kWh | 1579 kWh | £1,155 | £158 | £1,313 | £21,526 | 16.4 yrs | £4,734 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £833, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 20.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1462 kWh | 1096 kWh | 365 kWh | £297 | £37 | £333 | £11,069 | 33.2 yrs | £-4,404 |
| 3 kW | 2193 kWh | 1645 kWh | 548 kWh | £445 | £55 | £500 | £13,104 | 26.2 yrs | £-3,106 |
| 4 kW | 2924 kWh | 2193 kWh | 731 kWh | £593 | £73 | £666 | £15,138 | 22.7 yrs | £-1,809 |
| 5 kW | 3655 kWh | 2741 kWh | 914 kWh | £742 | £91 | £833 | £17,173 | 20.6 yrs | £-511 |
| 6 kW | 4386 kWh | 3289 kWh | 1096 kWh | £890 | £110 | £1,000 | £19,207 | 19.2 yrs | £787 |
| 7 kW | 5117 kWh | 3837 kWh | 1279 kWh | £1,038 | £128 | £1,166 | £21,242 | 18.2 yrs | £2,085 |
| 8 kW | 5848 kWh | 4386 kWh | 1462 kWh | £1,187 | £146 | £1,333 | £23,276 | 17.5 yrs | £3,383 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £846, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 23.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1462 kWh | 1126 kWh | 336 kWh | £305 | £34 | £338 | £13,519 | 40.0 yrs | £-6,755 |
| 3 kW | 2193 kWh | 1688 kWh | 504 kWh | £457 | £50 | £507 | £15,554 | 30.7 yrs | £-5,407 |
| 4 kW | 2924 kWh | 2251 kWh | 672 kWh | £609 | £67 | £676 | £17,588 | 26.0 yrs | £-4,059 |
| 5 kW | 3655 kWh | 2814 kWh | 841 kWh | £762 | £84 | £846 | £19,623 | 23.2 yrs | £-2,711 |
| 6 kW | 4386 kWh | 3377 kWh | 1009 kWh | £914 | £101 | £1,015 | £21,657 | 21.3 yrs | £-1,364 |
| 7 kW | 5117 kWh | 3940 kWh | 1177 kWh | £1,066 | £118 | £1,184 | £23,692 | 20.0 yrs | £-16 |
| 8 kW | 5848 kWh | 4503 kWh | 1345 kWh | £1,218 | £134 | £1,353 | £25,726 | 19.0 yrs | £1,332 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.