A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 947 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.4p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £766, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1895 kWh | 758 kWh | 1137 kWh | £193 | £114 | £306 | £4,069 | 13.3 yrs | £2,059 |
| 3 kW | 2842 kWh | 1137 kWh | 1705 kWh | £289 | £171 | £460 | £6,104 | 13.3 yrs | £3,089 |
| 4 kW | 3789 kWh | 1516 kWh | 2274 kWh | £385 | £227 | £613 | £8,138 | 13.3 yrs | £4,118 |
| 5 kW | 4737 kWh | 1895 kWh | 2842 kWh | £482 | £284 | £766 | £10,173 | 13.3 yrs | £5,148 |
| 6 kW | 5684 kWh | 2274 kWh | 3410 kWh | £578 | £341 | £919 | £12,207 | 13.3 yrs | £6,177 |
| 7 kW | 6631 kWh | 2653 kWh | 3979 kWh | £675 | £398 | £1,072 | £14,242 | 13.3 yrs | £7,207 |
| 8 kW | 7579 kWh | 3031 kWh | 4547 kWh | £771 | £455 | £1,226 | £16,276 | 13.3 yrs | £8,237 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £912, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1895 kWh | 1137 kWh | 758 kWh | £289 | £76 | £365 | £6,169 | 16.9 yrs | £1,129 |
| 3 kW | 2842 kWh | 1705 kWh | 1137 kWh | £434 | £114 | £547 | £8,204 | 15.0 yrs | £2,743 |
| 4 kW | 3789 kWh | 2274 kWh | 1516 kWh | £578 | £152 | £730 | £10,238 | 14.0 yrs | £4,357 |
| 5 kW | 4737 kWh | 2842 kWh | 1895 kWh | £723 | £189 | £912 | £12,273 | 13.5 yrs | £5,971 |
| 6 kW | 5684 kWh | 3410 kWh | 2274 kWh | £867 | £227 | £1,095 | £14,307 | 13.1 yrs | £7,586 |
| 7 kW | 6631 kWh | 3979 kWh | 2653 kWh | £1,012 | £265 | £1,277 | £16,342 | 12.8 yrs | £9,200 |
| 8 kW | 7579 kWh | 4547 kWh | 3031 kWh | £1,156 | £303 | £1,460 | £18,376 | 12.6 yrs | £10,814 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £985, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1895 kWh | 1326 kWh | 568 kWh | £337 | £57 | £394 | £7,569 | 19.2 yrs | £313 |
| 3 kW | 2842 kWh | 1989 kWh | 853 kWh | £506 | £85 | £591 | £9,604 | 16.2 yrs | £2,220 |
| 4 kW | 3789 kWh | 2653 kWh | 1137 kWh | £675 | £114 | £788 | £11,638 | 14.8 yrs | £4,126 |
| 5 kW | 4737 kWh | 3316 kWh | 1421 kWh | £843 | £142 | £985 | £13,673 | 13.9 yrs | £6,033 |
| 6 kW | 5684 kWh | 3979 kWh | 1705 kWh | £1,012 | £171 | £1,182 | £15,707 | 13.3 yrs | £7,940 |
| 7 kW | 6631 kWh | 4642 kWh | 1989 kWh | £1,180 | £199 | £1,379 | £17,742 | 12.9 yrs | £9,846 |
| 8 kW | 7579 kWh | 5305 kWh | 2274 kWh | £1,349 | £227 | £1,576 | £19,776 | 12.5 yrs | £11,753 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,007, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1895 kWh | 1383 kWh | 512 kWh | £352 | £51 | £403 | £9,319 | 23.1 yrs | £-1,261 |
| 3 kW | 2842 kWh | 2075 kWh | 767 kWh | £528 | £77 | £604 | £11,354 | 18.8 yrs | £733 |
| 4 kW | 3789 kWh | 2766 kWh | 1023 kWh | £703 | £102 | £806 | £13,388 | 16.6 yrs | £2,727 |
| 5 kW | 4737 kWh | 3458 kWh | 1279 kWh | £879 | £128 | £1,007 | £15,423 | 15.3 yrs | £4,722 |
| 6 kW | 5684 kWh | 4149 kWh | 1535 kWh | £1,055 | £153 | £1,209 | £17,457 | 14.4 yrs | £6,716 |
| 7 kW | 6631 kWh | 4841 kWh | 1790 kWh | £1,231 | £179 | £1,410 | £19,492 | 13.8 yrs | £8,710 |
| 8 kW | 7579 kWh | 5532 kWh | 2046 kWh | £1,407 | £205 | £1,612 | £21,526 | 13.4 yrs | £10,705 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,022, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1895 kWh | 1421 kWh | 474 kWh | £361 | £47 | £409 | £11,069 | 27.1 yrs | £-2,894 |
| 3 kW | 2842 kWh | 2132 kWh | 711 kWh | £542 | £71 | £613 | £13,104 | 21.4 yrs | £-842 |
| 4 kW | 3789 kWh | 2842 kWh | 947 kWh | £723 | £95 | £817 | £15,138 | 18.5 yrs | £1,211 |
| 5 kW | 4737 kWh | 3553 kWh | 1184 kWh | £903 | £118 | £1,022 | £17,173 | 16.8 yrs | £3,264 |
| 6 kW | 5684 kWh | 4263 kWh | 1421 kWh | £1,084 | £142 | £1,226 | £19,207 | 15.7 yrs | £5,317 |
| 7 kW | 6631 kWh | 4974 kWh | 1658 kWh | £1,265 | £166 | £1,431 | £21,242 | 14.8 yrs | £7,370 |
| 8 kW | 7579 kWh | 5684 kWh | 1895 kWh | £1,445 | £189 | £1,635 | £23,276 | 14.2 yrs | £9,422 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,036, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1895 kWh | 1459 kWh | 436 kWh | £371 | £44 | £415 | £13,519 | 32.6 yrs | £-5,227 |
| 3 kW | 2842 kWh | 2188 kWh | 654 kWh | £556 | £65 | £622 | £15,554 | 25.0 yrs | £-3,116 |
| 4 kW | 3789 kWh | 2918 kWh | 872 kWh | £742 | £87 | £829 | £17,588 | 21.2 yrs | £-1,005 |
| 5 kW | 4737 kWh | 3647 kWh | 1089 kWh | £927 | £109 | £1,036 | £19,623 | 18.9 yrs | £1,106 |
| 6 kW | 5684 kWh | 4377 kWh | 1307 kWh | £1,113 | £131 | £1,244 | £21,657 | 17.4 yrs | £3,218 |
| 7 kW | 6631 kWh | 5106 kWh | 1525 kWh | £1,298 | £153 | £1,451 | £23,692 | 16.3 yrs | £5,329 |
| 8 kW | 7579 kWh | 5836 kWh | 1743 kWh | £1,484 | £174 | £1,658 | £25,726 | 15.5 yrs | £7,440 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.