A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 972 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £790, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1945 kWh | 778 kWh | 1167 kWh | £199 | £117 | £316 | £4,069 | 12.9 yrs | £2,254 |
| 3 kW | 2917 kWh | 1167 kWh | 1750 kWh | £299 | £175 | £474 | £6,104 | 12.9 yrs | £3,381 |
| 4 kW | 3890 kWh | 1556 kWh | 2334 kWh | £399 | £233 | £632 | £8,138 | 12.9 yrs | £4,508 |
| 5 kW | 4862 kWh | 1945 kWh | 2917 kWh | £499 | £292 | £790 | £10,173 | 12.9 yrs | £5,635 |
| 6 kW | 5834 kWh | 2334 kWh | 3501 kWh | £598 | £350 | £948 | £12,207 | 12.9 yrs | £6,762 |
| 7 kW | 6807 kWh | 2723 kWh | 4084 kWh | £698 | £408 | £1,107 | £14,242 | 12.9 yrs | £7,888 |
| 8 kW | 7779 kWh | 3112 kWh | 4667 kWh | £798 | £467 | £1,265 | £16,276 | 12.9 yrs | £9,015 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £942, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1945 kWh | 1167 kWh | 778 kWh | £299 | £78 | £377 | £6,169 | 16.4 yrs | £1,371 |
| 3 kW | 2917 kWh | 1750 kWh | 1167 kWh | £449 | £117 | £565 | £8,204 | 14.5 yrs | £3,106 |
| 4 kW | 3890 kWh | 2334 kWh | 1556 kWh | £598 | £156 | £754 | £10,238 | 13.6 yrs | £4,841 |
| 5 kW | 4862 kWh | 2917 kWh | 1945 kWh | £748 | £194 | £942 | £12,273 | 13.0 yrs | £6,576 |
| 6 kW | 5834 kWh | 3501 kWh | 2334 kWh | £898 | £233 | £1,131 | £14,307 | 12.7 yrs | £8,312 |
| 7 kW | 6807 kWh | 4084 kWh | 2723 kWh | £1,047 | £272 | £1,319 | £16,342 | 12.4 yrs | £10,047 |
| 8 kW | 7779 kWh | 4667 kWh | 3112 kWh | £1,197 | £311 | £1,508 | £18,376 | 12.2 yrs | £11,782 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,018, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1945 kWh | 1361 kWh | 583 kWh | £349 | £58 | £407 | £7,569 | 18.6 yrs | £579 |
| 3 kW | 2917 kWh | 2042 kWh | 875 kWh | £524 | £88 | £611 | £9,604 | 15.7 yrs | £2,618 |
| 4 kW | 3890 kWh | 2723 kWh | 1167 kWh | £698 | £117 | £815 | £11,638 | 14.3 yrs | £4,658 |
| 5 kW | 4862 kWh | 3403 kWh | 1459 kWh | £873 | £146 | £1,018 | £13,673 | 13.4 yrs | £6,697 |
| 6 kW | 5834 kWh | 4084 kWh | 1750 kWh | £1,047 | £175 | £1,222 | £15,707 | 12.9 yrs | £8,736 |
| 7 kW | 6807 kWh | 4765 kWh | 2042 kWh | £1,222 | £204 | £1,426 | £17,742 | 12.4 yrs | £10,776 |
| 8 kW | 7779 kWh | 5445 kWh | 2334 kWh | £1,396 | £233 | £1,630 | £19,776 | 12.1 yrs | £12,815 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,041, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1945 kWh | 1420 kWh | 525 kWh | £364 | £53 | £417 | £9,319 | 22.4 yrs | £-989 |
| 3 kW | 2917 kWh | 2130 kWh | 788 kWh | £546 | £79 | £625 | £11,354 | 18.2 yrs | £1,142 |
| 4 kW | 3890 kWh | 2839 kWh | 1050 kWh | £728 | £105 | £833 | £13,388 | 16.1 yrs | £3,273 |
| 5 kW | 4862 kWh | 3549 kWh | 1313 kWh | £910 | £131 | £1,041 | £15,423 | 14.8 yrs | £5,403 |
| 6 kW | 5834 kWh | 4259 kWh | 1575 kWh | £1,092 | £158 | £1,250 | £17,457 | 14.0 yrs | £7,534 |
| 7 kW | 6807 kWh | 4969 kWh | 1838 kWh | £1,274 | £184 | £1,458 | £19,492 | 13.4 yrs | £9,665 |
| 8 kW | 7779 kWh | 5679 kWh | 2100 kWh | £1,456 | £210 | £1,666 | £21,526 | 12.9 yrs | £11,795 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,057, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1945 kWh | 1459 kWh | 486 kWh | £374 | £49 | £423 | £11,069 | 26.2 yrs | £-2,617 |
| 3 kW | 2917 kWh | 2188 kWh | 729 kWh | £561 | £73 | £634 | £13,104 | 20.7 yrs | £-426 |
| 4 kW | 3890 kWh | 2917 kWh | 972 kWh | £748 | £97 | £845 | £15,138 | 17.9 yrs | £1,766 |
| 5 kW | 4862 kWh | 3646 kWh | 1215 kWh | £935 | £122 | £1,057 | £17,173 | 16.3 yrs | £3,957 |
| 6 kW | 5834 kWh | 4376 kWh | 1459 kWh | £1,122 | £146 | £1,268 | £19,207 | 15.1 yrs | £6,149 |
| 7 kW | 6807 kWh | 5105 kWh | 1702 kWh | £1,309 | £170 | £1,479 | £21,242 | 14.4 yrs | £8,340 |
| 8 kW | 7779 kWh | 5834 kWh | 1945 kWh | £1,496 | £194 | £1,690 | £23,276 | 13.8 yrs | £10,532 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,072, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1945 kWh | 1497 kWh | 447 kWh | £384 | £45 | £429 | £13,519 | 31.5 yrs | £-4,945 |
| 3 kW | 2917 kWh | 2246 kWh | 671 kWh | £576 | £67 | £643 | £15,554 | 24.2 yrs | £-2,693 |
| 4 kW | 3890 kWh | 2995 kWh | 895 kWh | £768 | £89 | £857 | £17,588 | 20.5 yrs | £-441 |
| 5 kW | 4862 kWh | 3744 kWh | 1118 kWh | £960 | £112 | £1,072 | £19,623 | 18.3 yrs | £1,812 |
| 6 kW | 5834 kWh | 4492 kWh | 1342 kWh | £1,152 | £134 | £1,286 | £21,657 | 16.8 yrs | £4,064 |
| 7 kW | 6807 kWh | 5241 kWh | 1566 kWh | £1,344 | £157 | £1,500 | £23,692 | 15.8 yrs | £6,316 |
| 8 kW | 7779 kWh | 5990 kWh | 1789 kWh | £1,536 | £179 | £1,715 | £25,726 | 15.0 yrs | £8,569 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.