A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 968 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £786, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1935 kWh | 774 kWh | 1161 kWh | £198 | £116 | £315 | £4,069 | 12.9 yrs | £2,223 |
| 3 kW | 2903 kWh | 1161 kWh | 1742 kWh | £298 | £174 | £472 | £6,104 | 12.9 yrs | £3,334 |
| 4 kW | 3870 kWh | 1548 kWh | 2322 kWh | £397 | £232 | £629 | £8,138 | 12.9 yrs | £4,445 |
| 5 kW | 4838 kWh | 1935 kWh | 2903 kWh | £496 | £290 | £786 | £10,173 | 12.9 yrs | £5,556 |
| 6 kW | 5805 kWh | 2322 kWh | 3483 kWh | £595 | £348 | £944 | £12,207 | 12.9 yrs | £6,668 |
| 7 kW | 6773 kWh | 2709 kWh | 4064 kWh | £695 | £406 | £1,101 | £14,242 | 12.9 yrs | £7,779 |
| 8 kW | 7741 kWh | 3096 kWh | 4644 kWh | £794 | £464 | £1,258 | £16,276 | 12.9 yrs | £8,890 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £938, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1935 kWh | 1161 kWh | 774 kWh | £298 | £77 | £375 | £6,169 | 16.4 yrs | £1,333 |
| 3 kW | 2903 kWh | 1742 kWh | 1161 kWh | £447 | £116 | £563 | £8,204 | 14.6 yrs | £3,050 |
| 4 kW | 3870 kWh | 2322 kWh | 1548 kWh | £595 | £155 | £750 | £10,238 | 13.6 yrs | £4,766 |
| 5 kW | 4838 kWh | 2903 kWh | 1935 kWh | £744 | £194 | £938 | £12,273 | 13.1 yrs | £6,483 |
| 6 kW | 5805 kWh | 3483 kWh | 2322 kWh | £893 | £232 | £1,125 | £14,307 | 12.7 yrs | £8,200 |
| 7 kW | 6773 kWh | 4064 kWh | 2709 kWh | £1,042 | £271 | £1,313 | £16,342 | 12.4 yrs | £9,916 |
| 8 kW | 7741 kWh | 4644 kWh | 3096 kWh | £1,191 | £310 | £1,500 | £18,376 | 12.2 yrs | £11,633 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,013, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1935 kWh | 1355 kWh | 581 kWh | £347 | £58 | £405 | £7,569 | 18.7 yrs | £539 |
| 3 kW | 2903 kWh | 2032 kWh | 871 kWh | £521 | £87 | £608 | £9,604 | 15.8 yrs | £2,558 |
| 4 kW | 3870 kWh | 2709 kWh | 1161 kWh | £695 | £116 | £811 | £11,638 | 14.4 yrs | £4,577 |
| 5 kW | 4838 kWh | 3387 kWh | 1451 kWh | £868 | £145 | £1,013 | £13,673 | 13.5 yrs | £6,596 |
| 6 kW | 5805 kWh | 4064 kWh | 1742 kWh | £1,042 | £174 | £1,216 | £15,707 | 12.9 yrs | £8,616 |
| 7 kW | 6773 kWh | 4741 kWh | 2032 kWh | £1,216 | £203 | £1,419 | £17,742 | 12.5 yrs | £10,635 |
| 8 kW | 7741 kWh | 5418 kWh | 2322 kWh | £1,389 | £232 | £1,622 | £19,776 | 12.2 yrs | £12,654 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,036, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1935 kWh | 1413 kWh | 522 kWh | £362 | £52 | £414 | £9,319 | 22.5 yrs | £-1,030 |
| 3 kW | 2903 kWh | 2119 kWh | 784 kWh | £543 | £78 | £622 | £11,354 | 18.3 yrs | £1,080 |
| 4 kW | 3870 kWh | 2825 kWh | 1045 kWh | £724 | £104 | £829 | £13,388 | 16.2 yrs | £3,190 |
| 5 kW | 4838 kWh | 3532 kWh | 1306 kWh | £906 | £131 | £1,036 | £15,423 | 14.9 yrs | £5,300 |
| 6 kW | 5805 kWh | 4238 kWh | 1567 kWh | £1,087 | £157 | £1,243 | £17,457 | 14.0 yrs | £7,410 |
| 7 kW | 6773 kWh | 4944 kWh | 1829 kWh | £1,268 | £183 | £1,451 | £19,492 | 13.4 yrs | £9,520 |
| 8 kW | 7741 kWh | 5651 kWh | 2090 kWh | £1,449 | £209 | £1,658 | £21,526 | 13.0 yrs | £11,630 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,051, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1935 kWh | 1451 kWh | 484 kWh | £372 | £48 | £421 | £11,069 | 26.3 yrs | £-2,659 |
| 3 kW | 2903 kWh | 2177 kWh | 726 kWh | £558 | £73 | £631 | £13,104 | 20.8 yrs | £-488 |
| 4 kW | 3870 kWh | 2903 kWh | 968 kWh | £744 | £97 | £841 | £15,138 | 18.0 yrs | £1,682 |
| 5 kW | 4838 kWh | 3628 kWh | 1209 kWh | £930 | £121 | £1,051 | £17,173 | 16.3 yrs | £3,853 |
| 6 kW | 5805 kWh | 4354 kWh | 1451 kWh | £1,116 | £145 | £1,262 | £19,207 | 15.2 yrs | £6,024 |
| 7 kW | 6773 kWh | 5080 kWh | 1693 kWh | £1,302 | £169 | £1,472 | £21,242 | 14.4 yrs | £8,194 |
| 8 kW | 7741 kWh | 5805 kWh | 1935 kWh | £1,489 | £194 | £1,682 | £23,276 | 13.8 yrs | £10,365 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,066, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1935 kWh | 1490 kWh | 445 kWh | £382 | £45 | £427 | £13,519 | 31.7 yrs | £-4,988 |
| 3 kW | 2903 kWh | 2235 kWh | 668 kWh | £573 | £67 | £640 | £15,554 | 24.3 yrs | £-2,757 |
| 4 kW | 3870 kWh | 2980 kWh | 890 kWh | £764 | £89 | £853 | £17,588 | 20.6 yrs | £-526 |
| 5 kW | 4838 kWh | 3725 kWh | 1113 kWh | £955 | £111 | £1,066 | £19,623 | 18.4 yrs | £1,706 |
| 6 kW | 5805 kWh | 4470 kWh | 1335 kWh | £1,146 | £134 | £1,280 | £21,657 | 16.9 yrs | £3,937 |
| 7 kW | 6773 kWh | 5215 kWh | 1558 kWh | £1,337 | £156 | £1,493 | £23,692 | 15.9 yrs | £6,168 |
| 8 kW | 7741 kWh | 5960 kWh | 1780 kWh | £1,528 | £178 | £1,706 | £25,726 | 15.1 yrs | £8,399 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.