A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 967 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £786, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1935 kWh | 774 kWh | 1161 kWh | £198 | £116 | £315 | £4,069 | 12.9 yrs | £2,221 |
| 3 kW | 2902 kWh | 1161 kWh | 1741 kWh | £298 | £174 | £472 | £6,104 | 12.9 yrs | £3,332 |
| 4 kW | 3870 kWh | 1548 kWh | 2322 kWh | £397 | £232 | £629 | £8,138 | 12.9 yrs | £4,443 |
| 5 kW | 4837 kWh | 1935 kWh | 2902 kWh | £496 | £290 | £786 | £10,173 | 12.9 yrs | £5,554 |
| 6 kW | 5804 kWh | 2322 kWh | 3483 kWh | £595 | £348 | £944 | £12,207 | 12.9 yrs | £6,664 |
| 7 kW | 6772 kWh | 2709 kWh | 4063 kWh | £695 | £406 | £1,101 | £14,242 | 12.9 yrs | £7,775 |
| 8 kW | 7739 kWh | 3096 kWh | 4644 kWh | £794 | £464 | £1,258 | £16,276 | 12.9 yrs | £8,886 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £938, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1935 kWh | 1161 kWh | 774 kWh | £298 | £77 | £375 | £6,169 | 16.4 yrs | £1,332 |
| 3 kW | 2902 kWh | 1741 kWh | 1161 kWh | £446 | £116 | £563 | £8,204 | 14.6 yrs | £3,048 |
| 4 kW | 3870 kWh | 2322 kWh | 1548 kWh | £595 | £155 | £750 | £10,238 | 13.6 yrs | £4,764 |
| 5 kW | 4837 kWh | 2902 kWh | 1935 kWh | £744 | £193 | £938 | £12,273 | 13.1 yrs | £6,480 |
| 6 kW | 5804 kWh | 3483 kWh | 2322 kWh | £893 | £232 | £1,125 | £14,307 | 12.7 yrs | £8,196 |
| 7 kW | 6772 kWh | 4063 kWh | 2709 kWh | £1,042 | £271 | £1,313 | £16,342 | 12.4 yrs | £9,912 |
| 8 kW | 7739 kWh | 4644 kWh | 3096 kWh | £1,191 | £310 | £1,500 | £18,376 | 12.2 yrs | £11,628 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,013, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1935 kWh | 1354 kWh | 580 kWh | £347 | £58 | £405 | £7,569 | 18.7 yrs | £537 |
| 3 kW | 2902 kWh | 2032 kWh | 871 kWh | £521 | £87 | £608 | £9,604 | 15.8 yrs | £2,556 |
| 4 kW | 3870 kWh | 2709 kWh | 1161 kWh | £695 | £116 | £811 | £11,638 | 14.4 yrs | £4,574 |
| 5 kW | 4837 kWh | 3386 kWh | 1451 kWh | £868 | £145 | £1,013 | £13,673 | 13.5 yrs | £6,593 |
| 6 kW | 5804 kWh | 4063 kWh | 1741 kWh | £1,042 | £174 | £1,216 | £15,707 | 12.9 yrs | £8,611 |
| 7 kW | 6772 kWh | 4740 kWh | 2032 kWh | £1,215 | £203 | £1,419 | £17,742 | 12.5 yrs | £10,630 |
| 8 kW | 7739 kWh | 5417 kWh | 2322 kWh | £1,389 | £232 | £1,621 | £19,776 | 12.2 yrs | £12,648 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,036, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1935 kWh | 1412 kWh | 522 kWh | £362 | £52 | £414 | £9,319 | 22.5 yrs | £-1,031 |
| 3 kW | 2902 kWh | 2119 kWh | 784 kWh | £543 | £78 | £622 | £11,354 | 18.3 yrs | £1,078 |
| 4 kW | 3870 kWh | 2825 kWh | 1045 kWh | £724 | £104 | £829 | £13,388 | 16.2 yrs | £3,187 |
| 5 kW | 4837 kWh | 3531 kWh | 1306 kWh | £905 | £131 | £1,036 | £15,423 | 14.9 yrs | £5,297 |
| 6 kW | 5804 kWh | 4237 kWh | 1567 kWh | £1,086 | £157 | £1,243 | £17,457 | 14.0 yrs | £7,406 |
| 7 kW | 6772 kWh | 4943 kWh | 1828 kWh | £1,268 | £183 | £1,450 | £19,492 | 13.4 yrs | £9,515 |
| 8 kW | 7739 kWh | 5650 kWh | 2090 kWh | £1,449 | £209 | £1,658 | £21,526 | 13.0 yrs | £11,625 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,051, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1935 kWh | 1451 kWh | 484 kWh | £372 | £48 | £420 | £11,069 | 26.3 yrs | £-2,660 |
| 3 kW | 2902 kWh | 2177 kWh | 726 kWh | £558 | £73 | £631 | £13,104 | 20.8 yrs | £-490 |
| 4 kW | 3870 kWh | 2902 kWh | 967 kWh | £744 | £97 | £841 | £15,138 | 18.0 yrs | £1,679 |
| 5 kW | 4837 kWh | 3628 kWh | 1209 kWh | £930 | £121 | £1,051 | £17,173 | 16.3 yrs | £3,849 |
| 6 kW | 5804 kWh | 4353 kWh | 1451 kWh | £1,116 | £145 | £1,261 | £19,207 | 15.2 yrs | £6,019 |
| 7 kW | 6772 kWh | 5079 kWh | 1693 kWh | £1,302 | £169 | £1,472 | £21,242 | 14.4 yrs | £8,189 |
| 8 kW | 7739 kWh | 5804 kWh | 1935 kWh | £1,488 | £193 | £1,682 | £23,276 | 13.8 yrs | £10,359 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,066, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1935 kWh | 1490 kWh | 445 kWh | £382 | £45 | £426 | £13,519 | 31.7 yrs | £-4,989 |
| 3 kW | 2902 kWh | 2235 kWh | 668 kWh | £573 | £67 | £640 | £15,554 | 24.3 yrs | £-2,759 |
| 4 kW | 3870 kWh | 2980 kWh | 890 kWh | £764 | £89 | £853 | £17,588 | 20.6 yrs | £-528 |
| 5 kW | 4837 kWh | 3725 kWh | 1113 kWh | £955 | £111 | £1,066 | £19,623 | 18.4 yrs | £1,702 |
| 6 kW | 5804 kWh | 4469 kWh | 1335 kWh | £1,146 | £134 | £1,279 | £21,657 | 16.9 yrs | £3,932 |
| 7 kW | 6772 kWh | 5214 kWh | 1558 kWh | £1,337 | £156 | £1,493 | £23,692 | 15.9 yrs | £6,163 |
| 8 kW | 7739 kWh | 5959 kWh | 1780 kWh | £1,528 | £178 | £1,706 | £25,726 | 15.1 yrs | £8,393 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.