A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 972 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £790, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1944 kWh | 777 kWh | 1166 kWh | £199 | £117 | £316 | £4,069 | 12.9 yrs | £2,250 |
| 3 kW | 2916 kWh | 1166 kWh | 1749 kWh | £299 | £175 | £474 | £6,104 | 12.9 yrs | £3,376 |
| 4 kW | 3887 kWh | 1555 kWh | 2332 kWh | £399 | £233 | £632 | £8,138 | 12.9 yrs | £4,501 |
| 5 kW | 4859 kWh | 1944 kWh | 2916 kWh | £498 | £292 | £790 | £10,173 | 12.9 yrs | £5,626 |
| 6 kW | 5831 kWh | 2332 kWh | 3499 kWh | £598 | £350 | £948 | £12,207 | 12.9 yrs | £6,751 |
| 7 kW | 6803 kWh | 2721 kWh | 4082 kWh | £698 | £408 | £1,106 | £14,242 | 12.9 yrs | £7,876 |
| 8 kW | 7775 kWh | 3110 kWh | 4665 kWh | £797 | £466 | £1,264 | £16,276 | 12.9 yrs | £9,001 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £942, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1944 kWh | 1166 kWh | 777 kWh | £299 | £78 | £377 | £6,169 | 16.4 yrs | £1,366 |
| 3 kW | 2916 kWh | 1749 kWh | 1166 kWh | £449 | £117 | £565 | £8,204 | 14.5 yrs | £3,099 |
| 4 kW | 3887 kWh | 2332 kWh | 1555 kWh | £598 | £155 | £754 | £10,238 | 13.6 yrs | £4,833 |
| 5 kW | 4859 kWh | 2916 kWh | 1944 kWh | £748 | £194 | £942 | £12,273 | 13.0 yrs | £6,566 |
| 6 kW | 5831 kWh | 3499 kWh | 2332 kWh | £897 | £233 | £1,130 | £14,307 | 12.7 yrs | £8,299 |
| 7 kW | 6803 kWh | 4082 kWh | 2721 kWh | £1,047 | £272 | £1,319 | £16,342 | 12.4 yrs | £10,032 |
| 8 kW | 7775 kWh | 4665 kWh | 3110 kWh | £1,196 | £311 | £1,507 | £18,376 | 12.2 yrs | £11,765 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,018, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1944 kWh | 1361 kWh | 583 kWh | £349 | £58 | £407 | £7,569 | 18.6 yrs | £574 |
| 3 kW | 2916 kWh | 2041 kWh | 875 kWh | £523 | £87 | £611 | £9,604 | 15.7 yrs | £2,611 |
| 4 kW | 3887 kWh | 2721 kWh | 1166 kWh | £698 | £117 | £814 | £11,638 | 14.3 yrs | £4,649 |
| 5 kW | 4859 kWh | 3401 kWh | 1458 kWh | £872 | £146 | £1,018 | £13,673 | 13.4 yrs | £6,686 |
| 6 kW | 5831 kWh | 4082 kWh | 1749 kWh | £1,047 | £175 | £1,221 | £15,707 | 12.9 yrs | £8,723 |
| 7 kW | 6803 kWh | 4762 kWh | 2041 kWh | £1,221 | £204 | £1,425 | £17,742 | 12.4 yrs | £10,760 |
| 8 kW | 7775 kWh | 5442 kWh | 2332 kWh | £1,395 | £233 | £1,629 | £19,776 | 12.1 yrs | £12,797 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,041, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1944 kWh | 1419 kWh | 525 kWh | £364 | £52 | £416 | £9,319 | 22.4 yrs | £-993 |
| 3 kW | 2916 kWh | 2128 kWh | 787 kWh | £546 | £79 | £624 | £11,354 | 18.2 yrs | £1,135 |
| 4 kW | 3887 kWh | 2838 kWh | 1050 kWh | £728 | £105 | £833 | £13,388 | 16.1 yrs | £3,263 |
| 5 kW | 4859 kWh | 3547 kWh | 1312 kWh | £910 | £131 | £1,041 | £15,423 | 14.8 yrs | £5,392 |
| 6 kW | 5831 kWh | 4257 kWh | 1574 kWh | £1,091 | £157 | £1,249 | £17,457 | 14.0 yrs | £7,520 |
| 7 kW | 6803 kWh | 4966 kWh | 1837 kWh | £1,273 | £184 | £1,457 | £19,492 | 13.4 yrs | £9,648 |
| 8 kW | 7775 kWh | 5676 kWh | 2099 kWh | £1,455 | £210 | £1,665 | £21,526 | 12.9 yrs | £11,777 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,056, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1944 kWh | 1458 kWh | 486 kWh | £374 | £49 | £422 | £11,069 | 26.2 yrs | £-2,622 |
| 3 kW | 2916 kWh | 2187 kWh | 729 kWh | £561 | £73 | £634 | £13,104 | 20.7 yrs | £-433 |
| 4 kW | 3887 kWh | 2916 kWh | 972 kWh | £748 | £97 | £845 | £15,138 | 17.9 yrs | £1,757 |
| 5 kW | 4859 kWh | 3644 kWh | 1215 kWh | £934 | £121 | £1,056 | £17,173 | 16.3 yrs | £3,946 |
| 6 kW | 5831 kWh | 4373 kWh | 1458 kWh | £1,121 | £146 | £1,267 | £19,207 | 15.2 yrs | £6,135 |
| 7 kW | 6803 kWh | 5102 kWh | 1701 kWh | £1,308 | £170 | £1,478 | £21,242 | 14.4 yrs | £8,324 |
| 8 kW | 7775 kWh | 5831 kWh | 1944 kWh | £1,495 | £194 | £1,689 | £23,276 | 13.8 yrs | £10,513 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,071, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1944 kWh | 1497 kWh | 447 kWh | £384 | £45 | £428 | £13,519 | 31.6 yrs | £-4,950 |
| 3 kW | 2916 kWh | 2245 kWh | 671 kWh | £576 | £67 | £643 | £15,554 | 24.2 yrs | £-2,700 |
| 4 kW | 3887 kWh | 2993 kWh | 894 kWh | £767 | £89 | £857 | £17,588 | 20.5 yrs | £-450 |
| 5 kW | 4859 kWh | 3742 kWh | 1118 kWh | £959 | £112 | £1,071 | £19,623 | 18.3 yrs | £1,800 |
| 6 kW | 5831 kWh | 4490 kWh | 1341 kWh | £1,151 | £134 | £1,285 | £21,657 | 16.8 yrs | £4,050 |
| 7 kW | 6803 kWh | 5238 kWh | 1565 kWh | £1,343 | £156 | £1,500 | £23,692 | 15.8 yrs | £6,300 |
| 8 kW | 7775 kWh | 5987 kWh | 1788 kWh | £1,535 | £179 | £1,714 | £25,726 | 15.0 yrs | £8,550 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.