A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 885 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £745, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1770 kWh | 708 kWh | 1062 kWh | £192 | £106 | £298 | £4,069 | 13.6 yrs | £1,894 |
| 3 kW | 2655 kWh | 1062 kWh | 1593 kWh | £288 | £159 | £447 | £6,104 | 13.6 yrs | £2,841 |
| 4 kW | 3540 kWh | 1416 kWh | 2124 kWh | £384 | £212 | £596 | £8,138 | 13.6 yrs | £3,788 |
| 5 kW | 4425 kWh | 1770 kWh | 2655 kWh | £480 | £266 | £745 | £10,173 | 13.6 yrs | £4,735 |
| 6 kW | 5310 kWh | 2124 kWh | 3186 kWh | £576 | £319 | £894 | £12,207 | 13.6 yrs | £5,682 |
| 7 kW | 6195 kWh | 2478 kWh | 3717 kWh | £672 | £372 | £1,044 | £14,242 | 13.6 yrs | £6,629 |
| 8 kW | 7080 kWh | 2832 kWh | 4248 kWh | £768 | £425 | £1,193 | £16,276 | 13.6 yrs | £7,576 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £897, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1770 kWh | 1062 kWh | 708 kWh | £288 | £71 | £359 | £6,169 | 17.2 yrs | £1,006 |
| 3 kW | 2655 kWh | 1593 kWh | 1062 kWh | £432 | £106 | £538 | £8,204 | 15.2 yrs | £2,558 |
| 4 kW | 3540 kWh | 2124 kWh | 1416 kWh | £576 | £142 | £717 | £10,238 | 14.3 yrs | £4,111 |
| 5 kW | 4425 kWh | 2655 kWh | 1770 kWh | £720 | £177 | £897 | £12,273 | 13.7 yrs | £5,664 |
| 6 kW | 5310 kWh | 3186 kWh | 2124 kWh | £864 | £212 | £1,076 | £14,307 | 13.3 yrs | £7,217 |
| 7 kW | 6195 kWh | 3717 kWh | 2478 kWh | £1,008 | £248 | £1,256 | £16,342 | 13.0 yrs | £8,769 |
| 8 kW | 7080 kWh | 4248 kWh | 2832 kWh | £1,152 | £283 | £1,435 | £18,376 | 12.8 yrs | £10,322 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £973, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1770 kWh | 1239 kWh | 531 kWh | £336 | £53 | £389 | £7,569 | 19.5 yrs | £211 |
| 3 kW | 2655 kWh | 1859 kWh | 797 kWh | £504 | £80 | £584 | £9,604 | 16.5 yrs | £2,067 |
| 4 kW | 3540 kWh | 2478 kWh | 1062 kWh | £672 | £106 | £778 | £11,638 | 15.0 yrs | £3,923 |
| 5 kW | 4425 kWh | 3098 kWh | 1328 kWh | £840 | £133 | £973 | £13,673 | 14.1 yrs | £5,778 |
| 6 kW | 5310 kWh | 3717 kWh | 1593 kWh | £1,008 | £159 | £1,167 | £15,707 | 13.5 yrs | £7,634 |
| 7 kW | 6195 kWh | 4337 kWh | 1859 kWh | £1,176 | £186 | £1,362 | £17,742 | 13.0 yrs | £9,489 |
| 8 kW | 7080 kWh | 4956 kWh | 2124 kWh | £1,344 | £212 | £1,556 | £19,776 | 12.7 yrs | £11,345 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £995, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1770 kWh | 1292 kWh | 478 kWh | £350 | £48 | £398 | £9,319 | 23.4 yrs | £-1,357 |
| 3 kW | 2655 kWh | 1938 kWh | 717 kWh | £525 | £72 | £597 | £11,354 | 19.0 yrs | £589 |
| 4 kW | 3540 kWh | 2584 kWh | 956 kWh | £701 | £96 | £796 | £13,388 | 16.8 yrs | £2,536 |
| 5 kW | 4425 kWh | 3230 kWh | 1195 kWh | £876 | £119 | £995 | £15,423 | 15.5 yrs | £4,482 |
| 6 kW | 5310 kWh | 3877 kWh | 1434 kWh | £1,051 | £143 | £1,194 | £17,457 | 14.6 yrs | £6,429 |
| 7 kW | 6195 kWh | 4523 kWh | 1673 kWh | £1,226 | £167 | £1,393 | £19,492 | 14.0 yrs | £8,375 |
| 8 kW | 7080 kWh | 5169 kWh | 1912 kWh | £1,401 | £191 | £1,592 | £21,526 | 13.5 yrs | £10,322 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,010, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1770 kWh | 1328 kWh | 443 kWh | £360 | £44 | £404 | £11,069 | 27.4 yrs | £-2,986 |
| 3 kW | 2655 kWh | 1991 kWh | 664 kWh | £540 | £66 | £606 | £13,104 | 21.6 yrs | £-979 |
| 4 kW | 3540 kWh | 2655 kWh | 885 kWh | £720 | £89 | £808 | £15,138 | 18.7 yrs | £1,028 |
| 5 kW | 4425 kWh | 3319 kWh | 1106 kWh | £900 | £111 | £1,010 | £17,173 | 17.0 yrs | £3,035 |
| 6 kW | 5310 kWh | 3983 kWh | 1328 kWh | £1,080 | £133 | £1,212 | £19,207 | 15.8 yrs | £5,042 |
| 7 kW | 6195 kWh | 4647 kWh | 1549 kWh | £1,260 | £155 | £1,415 | £21,242 | 15.0 yrs | £7,049 |
| 8 kW | 7080 kWh | 5310 kWh | 1770 kWh | £1,440 | £177 | £1,617 | £23,276 | 14.4 yrs | £9,057 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,026, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1770 kWh | 1363 kWh | 407 kWh | £370 | £41 | £410 | £13,519 | 33.0 yrs | £-5,315 |
| 3 kW | 2655 kWh | 2044 kWh | 611 kWh | £554 | £61 | £615 | £15,554 | 25.3 yrs | £-3,247 |
| 4 kW | 3540 kWh | 2726 kWh | 814 kWh | £739 | £81 | £820 | £17,588 | 21.4 yrs | £-1,179 |
| 5 kW | 4425 kWh | 3407 kWh | 1018 kWh | £924 | £102 | £1,026 | £19,623 | 19.1 yrs | £888 |
| 6 kW | 5310 kWh | 4089 kWh | 1221 kWh | £1,109 | £122 | £1,231 | £21,657 | 17.6 yrs | £2,956 |
| 7 kW | 6195 kWh | 4770 kWh | 1425 kWh | £1,293 | £142 | £1,436 | £23,692 | 16.5 yrs | £5,024 |
| 8 kW | 7080 kWh | 5452 kWh | 1628 kWh | £1,478 | £163 | £1,641 | £25,726 | 15.7 yrs | £7,091 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.