A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 986 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £819, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1972 kWh | 789 kWh | 1183 kWh | £209 | £118 | £328 | £4,069 | 12.4 yrs | £2,482 |
| 3 kW | 2958 kWh | 1183 kWh | 1775 kWh | £314 | £177 | £491 | £6,104 | 12.4 yrs | £3,723 |
| 4 kW | 3944 kWh | 1577 kWh | 2366 kWh | £419 | £237 | £655 | £8,138 | 12.4 yrs | £4,964 |
| 5 kW | 4930 kWh | 1972 kWh | 2958 kWh | £523 | £296 | £819 | £10,173 | 12.4 yrs | £6,206 |
| 6 kW | 5916 kWh | 2366 kWh | 3549 kWh | £628 | £355 | £983 | £12,207 | 12.4 yrs | £7,447 |
| 7 kW | 6901 kWh | 2761 kWh | 4141 kWh | £732 | £414 | £1,146 | £14,242 | 12.4 yrs | £8,688 |
| 8 kW | 7887 kWh | 3155 kWh | 4732 kWh | £837 | £473 | £1,310 | £16,276 | 12.4 yrs | £9,929 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £982, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1972 kWh | 1183 kWh | 789 kWh | £314 | £79 | £393 | £6,169 | 15.7 yrs | £1,686 |
| 3 kW | 2958 kWh | 1775 kWh | 1183 kWh | £471 | £118 | £589 | £8,204 | 13.9 yrs | £3,579 |
| 4 kW | 3944 kWh | 2366 kWh | 1577 kWh | £628 | £158 | £786 | £10,238 | 13.0 yrs | £5,472 |
| 5 kW | 4930 kWh | 2958 kWh | 1972 kWh | £785 | £197 | £982 | £12,273 | 12.5 yrs | £7,365 |
| 6 kW | 5916 kWh | 3549 kWh | 2366 kWh | £942 | £237 | £1,178 | £14,307 | 12.1 yrs | £9,258 |
| 7 kW | 6901 kWh | 4141 kWh | 2761 kWh | £1,099 | £276 | £1,375 | £16,342 | 11.9 yrs | £11,151 |
| 8 kW | 7887 kWh | 4732 kWh | 3155 kWh | £1,256 | £315 | £1,571 | £18,376 | 11.7 yrs | £13,044 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,063, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1972 kWh | 1380 kWh | 592 kWh | £366 | £59 | £425 | £7,569 | 17.8 yrs | £938 |
| 3 kW | 2958 kWh | 2070 kWh | 887 kWh | £549 | £89 | £638 | £9,604 | 15.1 yrs | £3,157 |
| 4 kW | 3944 kWh | 2761 kWh | 1183 kWh | £732 | £118 | £851 | £11,638 | 13.7 yrs | £5,376 |
| 5 kW | 4930 kWh | 3451 kWh | 1479 kWh | £915 | £148 | £1,063 | £13,673 | 12.9 yrs | £7,595 |
| 6 kW | 5916 kWh | 4141 kWh | 1775 kWh | £1,099 | £177 | £1,276 | £15,707 | 12.3 yrs | £9,814 |
| 7 kW | 6901 kWh | 4831 kWh | 2070 kWh | £1,282 | £207 | £1,489 | £17,742 | 11.9 yrs | £12,033 |
| 8 kW | 7887 kWh | 5521 kWh | 2366 kWh | £1,465 | £237 | £1,701 | £19,776 | 11.6 yrs | £14,252 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,088, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1972 kWh | 1439 kWh | 532 kWh | £382 | £53 | £435 | £9,319 | 21.4 yrs | £-617 |
| 3 kW | 2958 kWh | 2159 kWh | 799 kWh | £573 | £80 | £653 | £11,354 | 17.4 yrs | £1,700 |
| 4 kW | 3944 kWh | 2879 kWh | 1065 kWh | £764 | £106 | £870 | £13,388 | 15.4 yrs | £4,017 |
| 5 kW | 4930 kWh | 3599 kWh | 1331 kWh | £955 | £133 | £1,088 | £15,423 | 14.2 yrs | £6,334 |
| 6 kW | 5916 kWh | 4318 kWh | 1597 kWh | £1,146 | £160 | £1,305 | £17,457 | 13.4 yrs | £8,650 |
| 7 kW | 6901 kWh | 5038 kWh | 1863 kWh | £1,337 | £186 | £1,523 | £19,492 | 12.8 yrs | £10,967 |
| 8 kW | 7887 kWh | 5758 kWh | 2130 kWh | £1,528 | £213 | £1,740 | £21,526 | 12.4 yrs | £13,284 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,104, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1972 kWh | 1479 kWh | 493 kWh | £392 | £49 | £442 | £11,069 | 25.1 yrs | £-2,236 |
| 3 kW | 2958 kWh | 2218 kWh | 739 kWh | £589 | £74 | £662 | £13,104 | 19.8 yrs | £146 |
| 4 kW | 3944 kWh | 2958 kWh | 986 kWh | £785 | £99 | £883 | £15,138 | 17.1 yrs | £2,528 |
| 5 kW | 4930 kWh | 3697 kWh | 1232 kWh | £981 | £123 | £1,104 | £17,173 | 15.6 yrs | £4,910 |
| 6 kW | 5916 kWh | 4437 kWh | 1479 kWh | £1,177 | £148 | £1,325 | £19,207 | 14.5 yrs | £7,292 |
| 7 kW | 6901 kWh | 5176 kWh | 1725 kWh | £1,373 | £173 | £1,546 | £21,242 | 13.7 yrs | £9,673 |
| 8 kW | 7887 kWh | 5916 kWh | 1972 kWh | £1,569 | £197 | £1,767 | £23,276 | 13.2 yrs | £12,055 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,120, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1972 kWh | 1518 kWh | 454 kWh | £403 | £45 | £448 | £13,519 | 30.2 yrs | £-4,556 |
| 3 kW | 2958 kWh | 2277 kWh | 680 kWh | £604 | £68 | £672 | £15,554 | 23.1 yrs | £-2,109 |
| 4 kW | 3944 kWh | 3037 kWh | 907 kWh | £806 | £91 | £896 | £17,588 | 19.6 yrs | £338 |
| 5 kW | 4930 kWh | 3796 kWh | 1134 kWh | £1,007 | £113 | £1,120 | £19,623 | 17.5 yrs | £2,786 |
| 6 kW | 5916 kWh | 4555 kWh | 1361 kWh | £1,208 | £136 | £1,344 | £21,657 | 16.1 yrs | £5,233 |
| 7 kW | 6901 kWh | 5314 kWh | 1587 kWh | £1,410 | £159 | £1,569 | £23,692 | 15.1 yrs | £7,680 |
| 8 kW | 7887 kWh | 6073 kWh | 1814 kWh | £1,611 | £181 | £1,793 | £25,726 | 14.4 yrs | £10,127 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.