A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 907 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.7p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £775, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1813 kWh | 725 kWh | 1088 kWh | £201 | £109 | £310 | £4,069 | 13.1 yrs | £2,128 |
| 3 kW | 2720 kWh | 1088 kWh | 1632 kWh | £302 | £163 | £465 | £6,104 | 13.1 yrs | £3,192 |
| 4 kW | 3626 kWh | 1451 kWh | 2176 kWh | £402 | £218 | £620 | £8,138 | 13.1 yrs | £4,255 |
| 5 kW | 4533 kWh | 1813 kWh | 2720 kWh | £503 | £272 | £775 | £10,173 | 13.1 yrs | £5,319 |
| 6 kW | 5440 kWh | 2176 kWh | 3264 kWh | £603 | £326 | £930 | £12,207 | 13.1 yrs | £6,383 |
| 7 kW | 6346 kWh | 2538 kWh | 3808 kWh | £704 | £381 | £1,084 | £14,242 | 13.1 yrs | £7,447 |
| 8 kW | 7253 kWh | 2901 kWh | 4352 kWh | £804 | £435 | £1,239 | £16,276 | 13.1 yrs | £8,511 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £935, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1813 kWh | 1088 kWh | 725 kWh | £302 | £73 | £374 | £6,169 | 16.5 yrs | £1,313 |
| 3 kW | 2720 kWh | 1632 kWh | 1088 kWh | £452 | £109 | £561 | £8,204 | 14.6 yrs | £3,019 |
| 4 kW | 3626 kWh | 2176 kWh | 1451 kWh | £603 | £145 | £748 | £10,238 | 13.7 yrs | £4,726 |
| 5 kW | 4533 kWh | 2720 kWh | 1813 kWh | £754 | £181 | £935 | £12,273 | 13.1 yrs | £6,432 |
| 6 kW | 5440 kWh | 3264 kWh | 2176 kWh | £905 | £218 | £1,122 | £14,307 | 12.7 yrs | £8,139 |
| 7 kW | 6346 kWh | 3808 kWh | 2538 kWh | £1,055 | £254 | £1,309 | £16,342 | 12.5 yrs | £9,845 |
| 8 kW | 7253 kWh | 4352 kWh | 2901 kWh | £1,206 | £290 | £1,496 | £18,376 | 12.3 yrs | £11,552 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,016, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1813 kWh | 1269 kWh | 544 kWh | £352 | £54 | £406 | £7,569 | 18.6 yrs | £555 |
| 3 kW | 2720 kWh | 1904 kWh | 816 kWh | £528 | £82 | £609 | £9,604 | 15.8 yrs | £2,583 |
| 4 kW | 3626 kWh | 2538 kWh | 1088 kWh | £704 | £109 | £812 | £11,638 | 14.3 yrs | £4,611 |
| 5 kW | 4533 kWh | 3173 kWh | 1360 kWh | £880 | £136 | £1,016 | £13,673 | 13.5 yrs | £6,639 |
| 6 kW | 5440 kWh | 3808 kWh | 1632 kWh | £1,055 | £163 | £1,219 | £15,707 | 12.9 yrs | £8,666 |
| 7 kW | 6346 kWh | 4442 kWh | 1904 kWh | £1,231 | £190 | £1,422 | £17,742 | 12.5 yrs | £10,694 |
| 8 kW | 7253 kWh | 5077 kWh | 2176 kWh | £1,407 | £218 | £1,625 | £19,776 | 12.2 yrs | £12,722 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,040, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1813 kWh | 1324 kWh | 490 kWh | £367 | £49 | £416 | £9,319 | 22.4 yrs | £-1,002 |
| 3 kW | 2720 kWh | 1985 kWh | 734 kWh | £550 | £73 | £624 | £11,354 | 18.2 yrs | £1,122 |
| 4 kW | 3626 kWh | 2647 kWh | 979 kWh | £734 | £98 | £832 | £13,388 | 16.1 yrs | £3,247 |
| 5 kW | 4533 kWh | 3309 kWh | 1224 kWh | £917 | £122 | £1,040 | £15,423 | 14.8 yrs | £5,371 |
| 6 kW | 5440 kWh | 3971 kWh | 1469 kWh | £1,101 | £147 | £1,248 | £17,457 | 14.0 yrs | £7,495 |
| 7 kW | 6346 kWh | 4633 kWh | 1713 kWh | £1,284 | £171 | £1,456 | £19,492 | 13.4 yrs | £9,619 |
| 8 kW | 7253 kWh | 5294 kWh | 1958 kWh | £1,468 | £196 | £1,663 | £21,526 | 12.9 yrs | £11,743 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,056, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1813 kWh | 1360 kWh | 453 kWh | £377 | £45 | £422 | £11,069 | 26.2 yrs | £-2,623 |
| 3 kW | 2720 kWh | 2040 kWh | 680 kWh | £565 | £68 | £633 | £13,104 | 20.7 yrs | £-435 |
| 4 kW | 3626 kWh | 2720 kWh | 907 kWh | £754 | £91 | £845 | £15,138 | 17.9 yrs | £1,754 |
| 5 kW | 4533 kWh | 3400 kWh | 1133 kWh | £942 | £113 | £1,056 | £17,173 | 16.3 yrs | £3,942 |
| 6 kW | 5440 kWh | 4080 kWh | 1360 kWh | £1,131 | £136 | £1,267 | £19,207 | 15.2 yrs | £6,130 |
| 7 kW | 6346 kWh | 4760 kWh | 1587 kWh | £1,319 | £159 | £1,478 | £21,242 | 14.4 yrs | £8,319 |
| 8 kW | 7253 kWh | 5440 kWh | 1813 kWh | £1,508 | £181 | £1,689 | £23,276 | 13.8 yrs | £10,507 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,072, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1813 kWh | 1396 kWh | 417 kWh | £387 | £42 | £429 | £13,519 | 31.5 yrs | £-4,945 |
| 3 kW | 2720 kWh | 2094 kWh | 626 kWh | £581 | £63 | £643 | £15,554 | 24.2 yrs | £-2,692 |
| 4 kW | 3626 kWh | 2792 kWh | 834 kWh | £774 | £83 | £857 | £17,588 | 20.5 yrs | £-439 |
| 5 kW | 4533 kWh | 3490 kWh | 1043 kWh | £968 | £104 | £1,072 | £19,623 | 18.3 yrs | £1,813 |
| 6 kW | 5440 kWh | 4188 kWh | 1251 kWh | £1,161 | £125 | £1,286 | £21,657 | 16.8 yrs | £4,066 |
| 7 kW | 6346 kWh | 4887 kWh | 1460 kWh | £1,355 | £146 | £1,501 | £23,692 | 15.8 yrs | £6,319 |
| 8 kW | 7253 kWh | 5585 kWh | 1668 kWh | £1,548 | £167 | £1,715 | £25,726 | 15.0 yrs | £8,571 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.