A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 988 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £803, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1975 kWh | 790 kWh | 1185 kWh | £202 | £119 | £321 | £4,069 | 12.7 yrs | £2,351 |
| 3 kW | 2963 kWh | 1185 kWh | 1778 kWh | £304 | £178 | £482 | £6,104 | 12.7 yrs | £3,527 |
| 4 kW | 3950 kWh | 1580 kWh | 2370 kWh | £405 | £237 | £642 | £8,138 | 12.7 yrs | £4,702 |
| 5 kW | 4938 kWh | 1975 kWh | 2963 kWh | £506 | £296 | £803 | £10,173 | 12.7 yrs | £5,878 |
| 6 kW | 5926 kWh | 2370 kWh | 3555 kWh | £607 | £356 | £963 | £12,207 | 12.7 yrs | £7,054 |
| 7 kW | 6913 kWh | 2765 kWh | 4148 kWh | £709 | £415 | £1,124 | £14,242 | 12.7 yrs | £8,229 |
| 8 kW | 7901 kWh | 3160 kWh | 4741 kWh | £810 | £474 | £1,284 | £16,276 | 12.7 yrs | £9,405 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £957, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1975 kWh | 1185 kWh | 790 kWh | £304 | £79 | £383 | £6,169 | 16.1 yrs | £1,486 |
| 3 kW | 2963 kWh | 1778 kWh | 1185 kWh | £456 | £119 | £574 | £8,204 | 14.3 yrs | £3,279 |
| 4 kW | 3950 kWh | 2370 kWh | 1580 kWh | £607 | £158 | £766 | £10,238 | 13.4 yrs | £5,072 |
| 5 kW | 4938 kWh | 2963 kWh | 1975 kWh | £759 | £198 | £957 | £12,273 | 12.8 yrs | £6,865 |
| 6 kW | 5926 kWh | 3555 kWh | 2370 kWh | £911 | £237 | £1,148 | £14,307 | 12.5 yrs | £8,658 |
| 7 kW | 6913 kWh | 4148 kWh | 2765 kWh | £1,063 | £277 | £1,340 | £16,342 | 12.2 yrs | £10,451 |
| 8 kW | 7901 kWh | 4741 kWh | 3160 kWh | £1,215 | £316 | £1,531 | £18,376 | 12.0 yrs | £12,245 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,034, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1975 kWh | 1383 kWh | 593 kWh | £354 | £59 | £414 | £7,569 | 18.3 yrs | £704 |
| 3 kW | 2963 kWh | 2074 kWh | 889 kWh | £532 | £89 | £620 | £9,604 | 15.5 yrs | £2,805 |
| 4 kW | 3950 kWh | 2765 kWh | 1185 kWh | £709 | £119 | £827 | £11,638 | 14.1 yrs | £4,907 |
| 5 kW | 4938 kWh | 3457 kWh | 1481 kWh | £886 | £148 | £1,034 | £13,673 | 13.2 yrs | £7,009 |
| 6 kW | 5926 kWh | 4148 kWh | 1778 kWh | £1,063 | £178 | £1,241 | £15,707 | 12.7 yrs | £9,111 |
| 7 kW | 6913 kWh | 4839 kWh | 2074 kWh | £1,240 | £207 | £1,448 | £17,742 | 12.3 yrs | £11,213 |
| 8 kW | 7901 kWh | 5531 kWh | 2370 kWh | £1,417 | £237 | £1,655 | £19,776 | 12.0 yrs | £13,314 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,057, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1975 kWh | 1442 kWh | 533 kWh | £370 | £53 | £423 | £9,319 | 22.0 yrs | £-861 |
| 3 kW | 2963 kWh | 2163 kWh | 800 kWh | £554 | £80 | £634 | £11,354 | 17.9 yrs | £1,333 |
| 4 kW | 3950 kWh | 2884 kWh | 1067 kWh | £739 | £107 | £846 | £13,388 | 15.8 yrs | £3,528 |
| 5 kW | 4938 kWh | 3605 kWh | 1333 kWh | £924 | £133 | £1,057 | £15,423 | 14.6 yrs | £5,722 |
| 6 kW | 5926 kWh | 4326 kWh | 1600 kWh | £1,109 | £160 | £1,269 | £17,457 | 13.8 yrs | £7,916 |
| 7 kW | 6913 kWh | 5047 kWh | 1867 kWh | £1,293 | £187 | £1,480 | £19,492 | 13.2 yrs | £10,111 |
| 8 kW | 7901 kWh | 5768 kWh | 2133 kWh | £1,478 | £213 | £1,692 | £21,526 | 12.7 yrs | £12,305 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,073, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1975 kWh | 1481 kWh | 494 kWh | £380 | £49 | £429 | £11,069 | 25.8 yrs | £-2,488 |
| 3 kW | 2963 kWh | 2222 kWh | 741 kWh | £570 | £74 | £644 | £13,104 | 20.4 yrs | £-232 |
| 4 kW | 3950 kWh | 2963 kWh | 988 kWh | £759 | £99 | £858 | £15,138 | 17.6 yrs | £2,025 |
| 5 kW | 4938 kWh | 3704 kWh | 1235 kWh | £949 | £123 | £1,073 | £17,173 | 16.0 yrs | £4,281 |
| 6 kW | 5926 kWh | 4444 kWh | 1481 kWh | £1,139 | £148 | £1,287 | £19,207 | 14.9 yrs | £6,537 |
| 7 kW | 6913 kWh | 5185 kWh | 1728 kWh | £1,329 | £173 | £1,502 | £21,242 | 14.1 yrs | £8,793 |
| 8 kW | 7901 kWh | 5926 kWh | 1975 kWh | £1,519 | £198 | £1,716 | £23,276 | 13.6 yrs | £11,049 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,088, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1975 kWh | 1521 kWh | 454 kWh | £390 | £45 | £435 | £13,519 | 31.1 yrs | £-4,814 |
| 3 kW | 2963 kWh | 2281 kWh | 681 kWh | £585 | £68 | £653 | £15,554 | 23.8 yrs | £-2,496 |
| 4 kW | 3950 kWh | 3042 kWh | 909 kWh | £780 | £91 | £870 | £17,588 | 20.2 yrs | £-178 |
| 5 kW | 4938 kWh | 3802 kWh | 1136 kWh | £975 | £114 | £1,088 | £19,623 | 18.0 yrs | £2,140 |
| 6 kW | 5926 kWh | 4563 kWh | 1363 kWh | £1,169 | £136 | £1,306 | £21,657 | 16.6 yrs | £4,457 |
| 7 kW | 6913 kWh | 5323 kWh | 1590 kWh | £1,364 | £159 | £1,523 | £23,692 | 15.6 yrs | £6,775 |
| 8 kW | 7901 kWh | 6084 kWh | 1817 kWh | £1,559 | £182 | £1,741 | £25,726 | 14.8 yrs | £9,093 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.