A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 996 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £827, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1993 kWh | 797 kWh | 1196 kWh | £211 | £120 | £331 | £4,069 | 12.3 yrs | £2,543 |
| 3 kW | 2989 kWh | 1196 kWh | 1793 kWh | £317 | £179 | £496 | £6,104 | 12.3 yrs | £3,815 |
| 4 kW | 3985 kWh | 1594 kWh | 2391 kWh | £422 | £239 | £661 | £8,138 | 12.3 yrs | £5,087 |
| 5 kW | 4982 kWh | 1993 kWh | 2989 kWh | £528 | £299 | £827 | £10,173 | 12.3 yrs | £6,358 |
| 6 kW | 5978 kWh | 2391 kWh | 3587 kWh | £633 | £359 | £992 | £12,207 | 12.3 yrs | £7,630 |
| 7 kW | 6974 kWh | 2790 kWh | 4185 kWh | £739 | £418 | £1,157 | £14,242 | 12.3 yrs | £8,902 |
| 8 kW | 7970 kWh | 3188 kWh | 4782 kWh | £844 | £478 | £1,322 | £16,276 | 12.3 yrs | £10,173 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £991, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1993 kWh | 1196 kWh | 797 kWh | £317 | £80 | £396 | £6,169 | 15.6 yrs | £1,757 |
| 3 kW | 2989 kWh | 1793 kWh | 1196 kWh | £475 | £120 | £594 | £8,204 | 13.8 yrs | £3,685 |
| 4 kW | 3985 kWh | 2391 kWh | 1594 kWh | £633 | £159 | £793 | £10,238 | 12.9 yrs | £5,614 |
| 5 kW | 4982 kWh | 2989 kWh | 1993 kWh | £791 | £199 | £991 | £12,273 | 12.4 yrs | £7,542 |
| 6 kW | 5978 kWh | 3587 kWh | 2391 kWh | £950 | £239 | £1,189 | £14,307 | 12.0 yrs | £9,470 |
| 7 kW | 6974 kWh | 4185 kWh | 2790 kWh | £1,108 | £279 | £1,387 | £16,342 | 11.8 yrs | £11,399 |
| 8 kW | 7970 kWh | 4782 kWh | 3188 kWh | £1,266 | £319 | £1,585 | £18,376 | 11.6 yrs | £13,327 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,073, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1993 kWh | 1395 kWh | 598 kWh | £369 | £60 | £429 | £7,569 | 17.6 yrs | £1,014 |
| 3 kW | 2989 kWh | 2092 kWh | 897 kWh | £554 | £90 | £644 | £9,604 | 14.9 yrs | £3,270 |
| 4 kW | 3985 kWh | 2790 kWh | 1196 kWh | £739 | £120 | £858 | £11,638 | 13.6 yrs | £5,527 |
| 5 kW | 4982 kWh | 3487 kWh | 1494 kWh | £923 | £149 | £1,073 | £13,673 | 12.7 yrs | £7,784 |
| 6 kW | 5978 kWh | 4185 kWh | 1793 kWh | £1,108 | £179 | £1,287 | £15,707 | 12.2 yrs | £10,041 |
| 7 kW | 6974 kWh | 4882 kWh | 2092 kWh | £1,293 | £209 | £1,502 | £17,742 | 11.8 yrs | £12,298 |
| 8 kW | 7970 kWh | 5579 kWh | 2391 kWh | £1,477 | £239 | £1,717 | £19,776 | 11.5 yrs | £14,554 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,097, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1993 kWh | 1455 kWh | 538 kWh | £385 | £54 | £439 | £9,319 | 21.2 yrs | £-539 |
| 3 kW | 2989 kWh | 2182 kWh | 807 kWh | £578 | £81 | £658 | £11,354 | 17.2 yrs | £1,816 |
| 4 kW | 3985 kWh | 2909 kWh | 1076 kWh | £770 | £108 | £878 | £13,388 | 15.2 yrs | £4,171 |
| 5 kW | 4982 kWh | 3637 kWh | 1345 kWh | £963 | £135 | £1,097 | £15,423 | 14.1 yrs | £6,527 |
| 6 kW | 5978 kWh | 4364 kWh | 1614 kWh | £1,156 | £161 | £1,317 | £17,457 | 13.3 yrs | £8,882 |
| 7 kW | 6974 kWh | 5091 kWh | 1883 kWh | £1,348 | £188 | £1,536 | £19,492 | 12.7 yrs | £11,237 |
| 8 kW | 7970 kWh | 5818 kWh | 2152 kWh | £1,541 | £215 | £1,756 | £21,526 | 12.3 yrs | £13,592 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,114, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1993 kWh | 1494 kWh | 498 kWh | £396 | £50 | £446 | £11,069 | 24.8 yrs | £-2,158 |
| 3 kW | 2989 kWh | 2242 kWh | 747 kWh | £594 | £75 | £668 | £13,104 | 19.6 yrs | £263 |
| 4 kW | 3985 kWh | 2989 kWh | 996 kWh | £791 | £100 | £891 | £15,138 | 17.0 yrs | £2,684 |
| 5 kW | 4982 kWh | 3736 kWh | 1245 kWh | £989 | £125 | £1,114 | £17,173 | 15.4 yrs | £5,105 |
| 6 kW | 5978 kWh | 4483 kWh | 1494 kWh | £1,187 | £149 | £1,337 | £19,207 | 14.4 yrs | £7,526 |
| 7 kW | 6974 kWh | 5231 kWh | 1744 kWh | £1,385 | £174 | £1,559 | £21,242 | 13.6 yrs | £9,947 |
| 8 kW | 7970 kWh | 5978 kWh | 1993 kWh | £1,583 | £199 | £1,782 | £23,276 | 13.1 yrs | £12,368 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,130, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1993 kWh | 1534 kWh | 458 kWh | £406 | £46 | £452 | £13,519 | 29.9 yrs | £-4,477 |
| 3 kW | 2989 kWh | 2301 kWh | 687 kWh | £609 | £69 | £678 | £15,554 | 22.9 yrs | £-1,990 |
| 4 kW | 3985 kWh | 3069 kWh | 917 kWh | £813 | £92 | £904 | £17,588 | 19.5 yrs | £497 |
| 5 kW | 4982 kWh | 3836 kWh | 1146 kWh | £1,016 | £115 | £1,130 | £19,623 | 17.4 yrs | £2,983 |
| 6 kW | 5978 kWh | 4603 kWh | 1375 kWh | £1,219 | £137 | £1,356 | £21,657 | 16.0 yrs | £5,470 |
| 7 kW | 6974 kWh | 5370 kWh | 1604 kWh | £1,422 | £160 | £1,582 | £23,692 | 15.0 yrs | £7,957 |
| 8 kW | 7970 kWh | 6137 kWh | 1833 kWh | £1,625 | £183 | £1,808 | £25,726 | 14.2 yrs | £10,443 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.