A typical roof here lands around 3.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 996 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £826, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1992 kWh | 797 kWh | 1195 kWh | £211 | £120 | £330 | £4,069 | 12.3 yrs | £2,541 |
| 3 kW | 2988 kWh | 1195 kWh | 1793 kWh | £316 | £179 | £496 | £6,104 | 12.3 yrs | £3,811 |
| 4 kW | 3984 kWh | 1593 kWh | 2390 kWh | £422 | £239 | £661 | £8,138 | 12.3 yrs | £5,081 |
| 5 kW | 4979 kWh | 1992 kWh | 2988 kWh | £527 | £299 | £826 | £10,173 | 12.3 yrs | £6,351 |
| 6 kW | 5975 kWh | 2390 kWh | 3585 kWh | £633 | £359 | £991 | £12,207 | 12.3 yrs | £7,622 |
| 7 kW | 6971 kWh | 2788 kWh | 4183 kWh | £738 | £418 | £1,157 | £14,242 | 12.3 yrs | £8,892 |
| 8 kW | 7967 kWh | 3187 kWh | 4780 kWh | £844 | £478 | £1,322 | £16,276 | 12.3 yrs | £10,162 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £990, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1992 kWh | 1195 kWh | 797 kWh | £316 | £80 | £396 | £6,169 | 15.6 yrs | £1,753 |
| 3 kW | 2988 kWh | 1793 kWh | 1195 kWh | £475 | £120 | £594 | £8,204 | 13.8 yrs | £3,680 |
| 4 kW | 3984 kWh | 2390 kWh | 1593 kWh | £633 | £159 | £792 | £10,238 | 12.9 yrs | £5,607 |
| 5 kW | 4979 kWh | 2988 kWh | 1992 kWh | £791 | £199 | £990 | £12,273 | 12.4 yrs | £7,534 |
| 6 kW | 5975 kWh | 3585 kWh | 2390 kWh | £949 | £239 | £1,188 | £14,307 | 12.0 yrs | £9,460 |
| 7 kW | 6971 kWh | 4183 kWh | 2788 kWh | £1,108 | £279 | £1,386 | £16,342 | 11.8 yrs | £11,387 |
| 8 kW | 7967 kWh | 4780 kWh | 3187 kWh | £1,266 | £319 | £1,585 | £18,376 | 11.6 yrs | £13,314 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,072, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1992 kWh | 1394 kWh | 598 kWh | £369 | £60 | £429 | £7,569 | 17.6 yrs | £1,010 |
| 3 kW | 2988 kWh | 2091 kWh | 896 kWh | £554 | £90 | £643 | £9,604 | 14.9 yrs | £3,265 |
| 4 kW | 3984 kWh | 2788 kWh | 1195 kWh | £738 | £120 | £858 | £11,638 | 13.6 yrs | £5,520 |
| 5 kW | 4979 kWh | 3486 kWh | 1494 kWh | £923 | £149 | £1,072 | £13,673 | 12.7 yrs | £7,775 |
| 6 kW | 5975 kWh | 4183 kWh | 1793 kWh | £1,108 | £179 | £1,287 | £15,707 | 12.2 yrs | £10,030 |
| 7 kW | 6971 kWh | 4880 kWh | 2091 kWh | £1,292 | £209 | £1,501 | £17,742 | 11.8 yrs | £12,285 |
| 8 kW | 7967 kWh | 5577 kWh | 2390 kWh | £1,477 | £239 | £1,716 | £19,776 | 11.5 yrs | £14,540 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,097, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1992 kWh | 1454 kWh | 538 kWh | £385 | £54 | £439 | £9,319 | 21.2 yrs | £-543 |
| 3 kW | 2988 kWh | 2181 kWh | 807 kWh | £578 | £81 | £658 | £11,354 | 17.2 yrs | £1,810 |
| 4 kW | 3984 kWh | 2908 kWh | 1076 kWh | £770 | £108 | £878 | £13,388 | 15.3 yrs | £4,164 |
| 5 kW | 4979 kWh | 3635 kWh | 1344 kWh | £963 | £134 | £1,097 | £15,423 | 14.1 yrs | £6,517 |
| 6 kW | 5975 kWh | 4362 kWh | 1613 kWh | £1,155 | £161 | £1,316 | £17,457 | 13.3 yrs | £8,871 |
| 7 kW | 6971 kWh | 5089 kWh | 1882 kWh | £1,348 | £188 | £1,536 | £19,492 | 12.7 yrs | £11,224 |
| 8 kW | 7967 kWh | 5816 kWh | 2151 kWh | £1,540 | £215 | £1,755 | £21,526 | 12.3 yrs | £13,578 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,113, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1992 kWh | 1494 kWh | 498 kWh | £396 | £50 | £445 | £11,069 | 24.9 yrs | £-2,162 |
| 3 kW | 2988 kWh | 2241 kWh | 747 kWh | £593 | £75 | £668 | £13,104 | 19.6 yrs | £257 |
| 4 kW | 3984 kWh | 2988 kWh | 996 kWh | £791 | £100 | £891 | £15,138 | 17.0 yrs | £2,676 |
| 5 kW | 4979 kWh | 3735 kWh | 1245 kWh | £989 | £124 | £1,113 | £17,173 | 15.4 yrs | £5,096 |
| 6 kW | 5975 kWh | 4482 kWh | 1494 kWh | £1,187 | £149 | £1,336 | £19,207 | 14.4 yrs | £7,515 |
| 7 kW | 6971 kWh | 5228 kWh | 1743 kWh | £1,384 | £174 | £1,559 | £21,242 | 13.6 yrs | £9,934 |
| 8 kW | 7967 kWh | 5975 kWh | 1992 kWh | £1,582 | £199 | £1,781 | £23,276 | 13.1 yrs | £12,353 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,130, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1992 kWh | 1534 kWh | 458 kWh | £406 | £46 | £452 | £13,519 | 29.9 yrs | £-4,480 |
| 3 kW | 2988 kWh | 2301 kWh | 687 kWh | £609 | £69 | £678 | £15,554 | 22.9 yrs | £-1,996 |
| 4 kW | 3984 kWh | 3067 kWh | 916 kWh | £812 | £92 | £904 | £17,588 | 19.5 yrs | £489 |
| 5 kW | 4979 kWh | 3834 kWh | 1145 kWh | £1,015 | £115 | £1,130 | £19,623 | 17.4 yrs | £2,974 |
| 6 kW | 5975 kWh | 4601 kWh | 1374 kWh | £1,218 | £137 | £1,356 | £21,657 | 16.0 yrs | £5,459 |
| 7 kW | 6971 kWh | 5368 kWh | 1603 kWh | £1,421 | £160 | £1,582 | £23,692 | 15.0 yrs | £7,943 |
| 8 kW | 7967 kWh | 6135 kWh | 1832 kWh | £1,624 | £183 | £1,808 | £25,726 | 14.2 yrs | £10,428 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.