A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1023 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.8p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £855, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2045 kWh | 818 kWh | 1227 kWh | £219 | £123 | £342 | £4,069 | 11.9 yrs | £2,774 |
| 3 kW | 3068 kWh | 1227 kWh | 1841 kWh | £329 | £184 | £513 | £6,104 | 11.9 yrs | £4,162 |
| 4 kW | 4091 kWh | 1636 kWh | 2455 kWh | £439 | £245 | £684 | £8,138 | 11.9 yrs | £5,549 |
| 5 kW | 5114 kWh | 2045 kWh | 3068 kWh | £549 | £307 | £855 | £10,173 | 11.9 yrs | £6,936 |
| 6 kW | 6136 kWh | 2455 kWh | 3682 kWh | £658 | £368 | £1,027 | £12,207 | 11.9 yrs | £8,323 |
| 7 kW | 7159 kWh | 2864 kWh | 4296 kWh | £768 | £430 | £1,198 | £14,242 | 11.9 yrs | £9,710 |
| 8 kW | 8182 kWh | 3273 kWh | 4909 kWh | £878 | £491 | £1,369 | £16,276 | 11.9 yrs | £11,097 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,027, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2045 kWh | 1227 kWh | 818 kWh | £329 | £82 | £411 | £6,169 | 15.0 yrs | £2,051 |
| 3 kW | 3068 kWh | 1841 kWh | 1227 kWh | £494 | £123 | £616 | £8,204 | 13.3 yrs | £4,126 |
| 4 kW | 4091 kWh | 2455 kWh | 1636 kWh | £658 | £164 | £822 | £10,238 | 12.5 yrs | £6,201 |
| 5 kW | 5114 kWh | 3068 kWh | 2045 kWh | £823 | £205 | £1,027 | £12,273 | 11.9 yrs | £8,276 |
| 6 kW | 6136 kWh | 3682 kWh | 2455 kWh | £987 | £245 | £1,233 | £14,307 | 11.6 yrs | £10,352 |
| 7 kW | 7159 kWh | 4296 kWh | 2864 kWh | £1,152 | £286 | £1,438 | £16,342 | 11.4 yrs | £12,427 |
| 8 kW | 8182 kWh | 4909 kWh | 3273 kWh | £1,317 | £327 | £1,644 | £18,376 | 11.2 yrs | £14,502 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,113, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2045 kWh | 1432 kWh | 614 kWh | £384 | £61 | £445 | £7,569 | 17.0 yrs | £1,339 |
| 3 kW | 3068 kWh | 2148 kWh | 920 kWh | £576 | £92 | £668 | £9,604 | 14.4 yrs | £3,758 |
| 4 kW | 4091 kWh | 2864 kWh | 1227 kWh | £768 | £123 | £891 | £11,638 | 13.1 yrs | £6,177 |
| 5 kW | 5114 kWh | 3580 kWh | 1534 kWh | £960 | £153 | £1,113 | £13,673 | 12.3 yrs | £8,597 |
| 6 kW | 6136 kWh | 4296 kWh | 1841 kWh | £1,152 | £184 | £1,336 | £15,707 | 11.8 yrs | £11,016 |
| 7 kW | 7159 kWh | 5011 kWh | 2148 kWh | £1,344 | £215 | £1,559 | £17,742 | 11.4 yrs | £13,435 |
| 8 kW | 8182 kWh | 5727 kWh | 2455 kWh | £1,536 | £245 | £1,782 | £19,776 | 11.1 yrs | £15,855 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,139, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2045 kWh | 1493 kWh | 552 kWh | £400 | £55 | £456 | £9,319 | 20.4 yrs | £-205 |
| 3 kW | 3068 kWh | 2240 kWh | 828 kWh | £601 | £83 | £684 | £11,354 | 16.6 yrs | £2,318 |
| 4 kW | 4091 kWh | 2986 kWh | 1105 kWh | £801 | £110 | £911 | £13,388 | 14.7 yrs | £4,840 |
| 5 kW | 5114 kWh | 3733 kWh | 1381 kWh | £1,001 | £138 | £1,139 | £15,423 | 13.5 yrs | £7,363 |
| 6 kW | 6136 kWh | 4480 kWh | 1657 kWh | £1,201 | £166 | £1,367 | £17,457 | 12.8 yrs | £9,885 |
| 7 kW | 7159 kWh | 5226 kWh | 1933 kWh | £1,402 | £193 | £1,595 | £19,492 | 12.2 yrs | £12,408 |
| 8 kW | 8182 kWh | 5973 kWh | 2209 kWh | £1,602 | £221 | £1,823 | £21,526 | 11.8 yrs | £14,930 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,156, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2045 kWh | 1534 kWh | 511 kWh | £411 | £51 | £463 | £11,069 | 23.9 yrs | £-1,817 |
| 3 kW | 3068 kWh | 2301 kWh | 767 kWh | £617 | £77 | £694 | £13,104 | 18.9 yrs | £774 |
| 4 kW | 4091 kWh | 3068 kWh | 1023 kWh | £823 | £102 | £925 | £15,138 | 16.4 yrs | £3,365 |
| 5 kW | 5114 kWh | 3835 kWh | 1278 kWh | £1,029 | £128 | £1,156 | £17,173 | 14.8 yrs | £5,957 |
| 6 kW | 6136 kWh | 4602 kWh | 1534 kWh | £1,234 | £153 | £1,388 | £19,207 | 13.8 yrs | £8,548 |
| 7 kW | 7159 kWh | 5369 kWh | 1790 kWh | £1,440 | £179 | £1,619 | £21,242 | 13.1 yrs | £11,139 |
| 8 kW | 8182 kWh | 6136 kWh | 2045 kWh | £1,646 | £205 | £1,850 | £23,276 | 12.6 yrs | £13,731 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,174, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2045 kWh | 1575 kWh | 470 kWh | £422 | £47 | £469 | £13,519 | 28.8 yrs | £-4,130 |
| 3 kW | 3068 kWh | 2363 kWh | 706 kWh | £634 | £71 | £704 | £15,554 | 22.1 yrs | £-1,470 |
| 4 kW | 4091 kWh | 3150 kWh | 941 kWh | £845 | £94 | £939 | £17,588 | 18.7 yrs | £1,191 |
| 5 kW | 5114 kWh | 3938 kWh | 1176 kWh | £1,056 | £118 | £1,174 | £19,623 | 16.7 yrs | £3,851 |
| 6 kW | 6136 kWh | 4725 kWh | 1411 kWh | £1,267 | £141 | £1,408 | £21,657 | 15.4 yrs | £6,511 |
| 7 kW | 7159 kWh | 5513 kWh | 1647 kWh | £1,478 | £165 | £1,643 | £23,692 | 14.4 yrs | £9,171 |
| 8 kW | 8182 kWh | 6300 kWh | 1882 kWh | £1,690 | £188 | £1,878 | £25,726 | 13.7 yrs | £11,831 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.