A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1030 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.8p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £861, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2059 kWh | 824 kWh | 1236 kWh | £221 | £124 | £344 | £4,069 | 11.8 yrs | £2,821 |
| 3 kW | 3089 kWh | 1236 kWh | 1853 kWh | £331 | £185 | £517 | £6,104 | 11.8 yrs | £4,231 |
| 4 kW | 4119 kWh | 1647 kWh | 2471 kWh | £442 | £247 | £689 | £8,138 | 11.8 yrs | £5,641 |
| 5 kW | 5148 kWh | 2059 kWh | 3089 kWh | £552 | £309 | £861 | £10,173 | 11.8 yrs | £7,052 |
| 6 kW | 6178 kWh | 2471 kWh | 3707 kWh | £663 | £371 | £1,033 | £12,207 | 11.8 yrs | £8,462 |
| 7 kW | 7208 kWh | 2883 kWh | 4325 kWh | £773 | £432 | £1,206 | £14,242 | 11.8 yrs | £9,872 |
| 8 kW | 8237 kWh | 3295 kWh | 4942 kWh | £884 | £494 | £1,378 | £16,276 | 11.8 yrs | £11,283 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,034, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2059 kWh | 1236 kWh | 824 kWh | £331 | £82 | £414 | £6,169 | 14.9 yrs | £2,106 |
| 3 kW | 3089 kWh | 1853 kWh | 1236 kWh | £497 | £124 | £621 | £8,204 | 13.2 yrs | £4,209 |
| 4 kW | 4119 kWh | 2471 kWh | 1647 kWh | £663 | £165 | £828 | £10,238 | 12.4 yrs | £6,312 |
| 5 kW | 5148 kWh | 3089 kWh | 2059 kWh | £828 | £206 | £1,034 | £12,273 | 11.9 yrs | £8,415 |
| 6 kW | 6178 kWh | 3707 kWh | 2471 kWh | £994 | £247 | £1,241 | £14,307 | 11.5 yrs | £10,518 |
| 7 kW | 7208 kWh | 4325 kWh | 2883 kWh | £1,160 | £288 | £1,448 | £16,342 | 11.3 yrs | £12,622 |
| 8 kW | 8237 kWh | 4942 kWh | 3295 kWh | £1,326 | £329 | £1,655 | £18,376 | 11.1 yrs | £14,725 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,121, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2059 kWh | 1442 kWh | 618 kWh | £387 | £62 | £448 | £7,569 | 16.9 yrs | £1,399 |
| 3 kW | 3089 kWh | 2162 kWh | 927 kWh | £580 | £93 | £673 | £9,604 | 14.3 yrs | £3,848 |
| 4 kW | 4119 kWh | 2883 kWh | 1236 kWh | £773 | £124 | £897 | £11,638 | 13.0 yrs | £6,298 |
| 5 kW | 5148 kWh | 3604 kWh | 1544 kWh | £967 | £154 | £1,121 | £13,673 | 12.2 yrs | £8,747 |
| 6 kW | 6178 kWh | 4325 kWh | 1853 kWh | £1,160 | £185 | £1,345 | £15,707 | 11.7 yrs | £11,197 |
| 7 kW | 7208 kWh | 5045 kWh | 2162 kWh | £1,353 | £216 | £1,569 | £17,742 | 11.3 yrs | £13,646 |
| 8 kW | 8237 kWh | 5766 kWh | 2471 kWh | £1,546 | £247 | £1,794 | £19,776 | 11.0 yrs | £16,096 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,147, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2059 kWh | 1503 kWh | 556 kWh | £403 | £56 | £459 | £9,319 | 20.3 yrs | £-143 |
| 3 kW | 3089 kWh | 2255 kWh | 834 kWh | £605 | £83 | £688 | £11,354 | 16.5 yrs | £2,410 |
| 4 kW | 4119 kWh | 3007 kWh | 1112 kWh | £806 | £111 | £918 | £13,388 | 14.6 yrs | £4,963 |
| 5 kW | 5148 kWh | 3758 kWh | 1390 kWh | £1,008 | £139 | £1,147 | £15,423 | 13.4 yrs | £7,517 |
| 6 kW | 6178 kWh | 4510 kWh | 1668 kWh | £1,210 | £167 | £1,376 | £17,457 | 12.7 yrs | £10,070 |
| 7 kW | 7208 kWh | 5262 kWh | 1946 kWh | £1,411 | £195 | £1,606 | £19,492 | 12.1 yrs | £12,624 |
| 8 kW | 8237 kWh | 6013 kWh | 2224 kWh | £1,613 | £222 | £1,835 | £21,526 | 11.7 yrs | £15,177 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,164, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2059 kWh | 1544 kWh | 515 kWh | £414 | £51 | £466 | £11,069 | 23.8 yrs | £-1,755 |
| 3 kW | 3089 kWh | 2317 kWh | 772 kWh | £621 | £77 | £699 | £13,104 | 18.8 yrs | £868 |
| 4 kW | 4119 kWh | 3089 kWh | 1030 kWh | £828 | £103 | £931 | £15,138 | 16.3 yrs | £3,491 |
| 5 kW | 5148 kWh | 3861 kWh | 1287 kWh | £1,036 | £129 | £1,164 | £17,173 | 14.7 yrs | £6,113 |
| 6 kW | 6178 kWh | 4633 kWh | 1544 kWh | £1,243 | £154 | £1,397 | £19,207 | 13.7 yrs | £8,736 |
| 7 kW | 7208 kWh | 5406 kWh | 1802 kWh | £1,450 | £180 | £1,630 | £21,242 | 13.0 yrs | £11,358 |
| 8 kW | 8237 kWh | 6178 kWh | 2059 kWh | £1,657 | £206 | £1,863 | £23,276 | 12.5 yrs | £13,981 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,182, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2059 kWh | 1586 kWh | 474 kWh | £425 | £47 | £473 | £13,519 | 28.6 yrs | £-4,066 |
| 3 kW | 3089 kWh | 2379 kWh | 710 kWh | £638 | £71 | £709 | £15,554 | 21.9 yrs | £-1,374 |
| 4 kW | 4119 kWh | 3171 kWh | 947 kWh | £851 | £95 | £945 | £17,588 | 18.6 yrs | £1,318 |
| 5 kW | 5148 kWh | 3964 kWh | 1184 kWh | £1,063 | £118 | £1,182 | £19,623 | 16.6 yrs | £4,010 |
| 6 kW | 6178 kWh | 4757 kWh | 1421 kWh | £1,276 | £142 | £1,418 | £21,657 | 15.3 yrs | £6,702 |
| 7 kW | 7208 kWh | 5550 kWh | 1658 kWh | £1,488 | £166 | £1,654 | £23,692 | 14.3 yrs | £9,393 |
| 8 kW | 8237 kWh | 6343 kWh | 1895 kWh | £1,701 | £189 | £1,891 | £25,726 | 13.6 yrs | £12,085 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.