A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1025 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.8p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £858, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2051 kWh | 820 kWh | 1231 kWh | £220 | £123 | £343 | £4,069 | 11.9 yrs | £2,792 |
| 3 kW | 3076 kWh | 1231 kWh | 1846 kWh | £330 | £185 | £515 | £6,104 | 11.9 yrs | £4,189 |
| 4 kW | 4102 kWh | 1641 kWh | 2461 kWh | £440 | £246 | £686 | £8,138 | 11.9 yrs | £5,585 |
| 5 kW | 5127 kWh | 2051 kWh | 3076 kWh | £550 | £308 | £858 | £10,173 | 11.9 yrs | £6,981 |
| 6 kW | 6153 kWh | 2461 kWh | 3692 kWh | £660 | £369 | £1,029 | £12,207 | 11.9 yrs | £8,377 |
| 7 kW | 7178 kWh | 2871 kWh | 4307 kWh | £770 | £431 | £1,201 | £14,242 | 11.9 yrs | £9,774 |
| 8 kW | 8204 kWh | 3281 kWh | 4922 kWh | £880 | £492 | £1,372 | £16,276 | 11.9 yrs | £11,170 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,030, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2051 kWh | 1231 kWh | 820 kWh | £330 | £82 | £412 | £6,169 | 15.0 yrs | £2,072 |
| 3 kW | 3076 kWh | 1846 kWh | 1231 kWh | £495 | £123 | £618 | £8,204 | 13.3 yrs | £4,158 |
| 4 kW | 4102 kWh | 2461 kWh | 1641 kWh | £660 | £164 | £824 | £10,238 | 12.4 yrs | £6,245 |
| 5 kW | 5127 kWh | 3076 kWh | 2051 kWh | £825 | £205 | £1,030 | £12,273 | 11.9 yrs | £8,331 |
| 6 kW | 6153 kWh | 3692 kWh | 2461 kWh | £990 | £246 | £1,236 | £14,307 | 11.6 yrs | £10,417 |
| 7 kW | 7178 kWh | 4307 kWh | 2871 kWh | £1,155 | £287 | £1,442 | £16,342 | 11.3 yrs | £12,503 |
| 8 kW | 8204 kWh | 4922 kWh | 3281 kWh | £1,320 | £328 | £1,648 | £18,376 | 11.1 yrs | £14,589 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,116, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2051 kWh | 1436 kWh | 615 kWh | £385 | £62 | £447 | £7,569 | 16.9 yrs | £1,362 |
| 3 kW | 3076 kWh | 2153 kWh | 923 kWh | £578 | £92 | £670 | £9,604 | 14.3 yrs | £3,793 |
| 4 kW | 4102 kWh | 2871 kWh | 1231 kWh | £770 | £123 | £893 | £11,638 | 13.0 yrs | £6,224 |
| 5 kW | 5127 kWh | 3589 kWh | 1538 kWh | £963 | £154 | £1,116 | £13,673 | 12.2 yrs | £8,656 |
| 6 kW | 6153 kWh | 4307 kWh | 1846 kWh | £1,155 | £185 | £1,340 | £15,707 | 11.7 yrs | £11,087 |
| 7 kW | 7178 kWh | 5025 kWh | 2153 kWh | £1,348 | £215 | £1,563 | £17,742 | 11.4 yrs | £13,518 |
| 8 kW | 8204 kWh | 5743 kWh | 2461 kWh | £1,540 | £246 | £1,786 | £19,776 | 11.1 yrs | £15,949 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,142, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2051 kWh | 1497 kWh | 554 kWh | £402 | £55 | £457 | £9,319 | 20.4 yrs | £-181 |
| 3 kW | 3076 kWh | 2246 kWh | 831 kWh | £602 | £83 | £685 | £11,354 | 16.6 yrs | £2,354 |
| 4 kW | 4102 kWh | 2994 kWh | 1107 kWh | £803 | £111 | £914 | £13,388 | 14.7 yrs | £4,888 |
| 5 kW | 5127 kWh | 3743 kWh | 1384 kWh | £1,004 | £138 | £1,142 | £15,423 | 13.5 yrs | £7,423 |
| 6 kW | 6153 kWh | 4491 kWh | 1661 kWh | £1,205 | £166 | £1,371 | £17,457 | 12.7 yrs | £9,958 |
| 7 kW | 7178 kWh | 5240 kWh | 1938 kWh | £1,405 | £194 | £1,599 | £19,492 | 12.2 yrs | £12,492 |
| 8 kW | 8204 kWh | 5989 kWh | 2215 kWh | £1,606 | £221 | £1,828 | £21,526 | 11.8 yrs | £15,027 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,160, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2051 kWh | 1538 kWh | 513 kWh | £413 | £51 | £464 | £11,069 | 23.9 yrs | £-1,793 |
| 3 kW | 3076 kWh | 2307 kWh | 769 kWh | £619 | £77 | £696 | £13,104 | 18.8 yrs | £811 |
| 4 kW | 4102 kWh | 3076 kWh | 1025 kWh | £825 | £103 | £928 | £15,138 | 16.3 yrs | £3,414 |
| 5 kW | 5127 kWh | 3845 kWh | 1282 kWh | £1,031 | £128 | £1,160 | £17,173 | 14.8 yrs | £6,018 |
| 6 kW | 6153 kWh | 4615 kWh | 1538 kWh | £1,238 | £154 | £1,391 | £19,207 | 13.8 yrs | £8,622 |
| 7 kW | 7178 kWh | 5384 kWh | 1795 kWh | £1,444 | £179 | £1,623 | £21,242 | 13.1 yrs | £11,225 |
| 8 kW | 8204 kWh | 6153 kWh | 2051 kWh | £1,650 | £205 | £1,855 | £23,276 | 12.5 yrs | £13,829 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,177, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2051 kWh | 1579 kWh | 472 kWh | £424 | £47 | £471 | £13,519 | 28.7 yrs | £-4,105 |
| 3 kW | 3076 kWh | 2369 kWh | 708 kWh | £635 | £71 | £706 | £15,554 | 22.0 yrs | £-1,432 |
| 4 kW | 4102 kWh | 3158 kWh | 943 kWh | £847 | £94 | £941 | £17,588 | 18.7 yrs | £1,240 |
| 5 kW | 5127 kWh | 3948 kWh | 1179 kWh | £1,059 | £118 | £1,177 | £19,623 | 16.7 yrs | £3,913 |
| 6 kW | 6153 kWh | 4738 kWh | 1415 kWh | £1,271 | £142 | £1,412 | £21,657 | 15.3 yrs | £6,586 |
| 7 kW | 7178 kWh | 5527 kWh | 1651 kWh | £1,482 | £165 | £1,647 | £23,692 | 14.4 yrs | £9,258 |
| 8 kW | 8204 kWh | 6317 kWh | 1887 kWh | £1,694 | £189 | £1,883 | £25,726 | 13.7 yrs | £11,931 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.