A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1048 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.8p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £876, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2096 kWh | 838 kWh | 1257 kWh | £225 | £126 | £351 | £4,069 | 11.6 yrs | £2,943 |
| 3 kW | 3144 kWh | 1257 kWh | 1886 kWh | £337 | £189 | £526 | £6,104 | 11.6 yrs | £4,414 |
| 4 kW | 4192 kWh | 1677 kWh | 2515 kWh | £450 | £251 | £701 | £8,138 | 11.6 yrs | £5,886 |
| 5 kW | 5240 kWh | 2096 kWh | 3144 kWh | £562 | £314 | £876 | £10,173 | 11.6 yrs | £7,357 |
| 6 kW | 6287 kWh | 2515 kWh | 3772 kWh | £675 | £377 | £1,052 | £12,207 | 11.6 yrs | £8,828 |
| 7 kW | 7335 kWh | 2934 kWh | 4401 kWh | £787 | £440 | £1,227 | £14,242 | 11.6 yrs | £10,300 |
| 8 kW | 8383 kWh | 3353 kWh | 5030 kWh | £899 | £503 | £1,402 | £16,276 | 11.6 yrs | £11,771 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,053, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2096 kWh | 1257 kWh | 838 kWh | £337 | £84 | £421 | £6,169 | 14.7 yrs | £2,253 |
| 3 kW | 3144 kWh | 1886 kWh | 1257 kWh | £506 | £126 | £632 | £8,204 | 13.0 yrs | £4,429 |
| 4 kW | 4192 kWh | 2515 kWh | 1677 kWh | £675 | £168 | £842 | £10,238 | 12.2 yrs | £6,606 |
| 5 kW | 5240 kWh | 3144 kWh | 2096 kWh | £843 | £210 | £1,053 | £12,273 | 11.7 yrs | £8,782 |
| 6 kW | 6287 kWh | 3772 kWh | 2515 kWh | £1,012 | £251 | £1,263 | £14,307 | 11.3 yrs | £10,958 |
| 7 kW | 7335 kWh | 4401 kWh | 2934 kWh | £1,180 | £293 | £1,474 | £16,342 | 11.1 yrs | £13,135 |
| 8 kW | 8383 kWh | 5030 kWh | 3353 kWh | £1,349 | £335 | £1,684 | £18,376 | 10.9 yrs | £15,311 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,141, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2096 kWh | 1467 kWh | 629 kWh | £393 | £63 | £456 | £7,569 | 16.6 yrs | £1,558 |
| 3 kW | 3144 kWh | 2201 kWh | 943 kWh | £590 | £94 | £685 | £9,604 | 14.0 yrs | £4,087 |
| 4 kW | 4192 kWh | 2934 kWh | 1257 kWh | £787 | £126 | £913 | £11,638 | 12.8 yrs | £6,616 |
| 5 kW | 5240 kWh | 3668 kWh | 1572 kWh | £984 | £157 | £1,141 | £13,673 | 12.0 yrs | £9,145 |
| 6 kW | 6287 kWh | 4401 kWh | 1886 kWh | £1,180 | £189 | £1,369 | £15,707 | 11.5 yrs | £11,674 |
| 7 kW | 7335 kWh | 5135 kWh | 2201 kWh | £1,377 | £220 | £1,597 | £17,742 | 11.1 yrs | £14,202 |
| 8 kW | 8383 kWh | 5868 kWh | 2515 kWh | £1,574 | £251 | £1,825 | £19,776 | 10.8 yrs | £16,731 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,167, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2096 kWh | 1530 kWh | 566 kWh | £410 | £57 | £467 | £9,319 | 20.0 yrs | £19 |
| 3 kW | 3144 kWh | 2295 kWh | 849 kWh | £615 | £85 | £700 | £11,354 | 16.2 yrs | £2,654 |
| 4 kW | 4192 kWh | 3060 kWh | 1132 kWh | £821 | £113 | £934 | £13,388 | 14.3 yrs | £5,289 |
| 5 kW | 5240 kWh | 3825 kWh | 1415 kWh | £1,026 | £141 | £1,167 | £15,423 | 13.2 yrs | £7,923 |
| 6 kW | 6287 kWh | 4590 kWh | 1698 kWh | £1,231 | £170 | £1,401 | £17,457 | 12.5 yrs | £10,558 |
| 7 kW | 7335 kWh | 5355 kWh | 1981 kWh | £1,436 | £198 | £1,634 | £19,492 | 11.9 yrs | £13,193 |
| 8 kW | 8383 kWh | 6120 kWh | 2263 kWh | £1,641 | £226 | £1,868 | £21,526 | 11.5 yrs | £15,827 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,185, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2096 kWh | 1572 kWh | 524 kWh | £422 | £52 | £474 | £11,069 | 23.4 yrs | £-1,590 |
| 3 kW | 3144 kWh | 2358 kWh | 786 kWh | £632 | £79 | £711 | £13,104 | 18.4 yrs | £1,116 |
| 4 kW | 4192 kWh | 3144 kWh | 1048 kWh | £843 | £105 | £948 | £15,138 | 16.0 yrs | £3,821 |
| 5 kW | 5240 kWh | 3930 kWh | 1310 kWh | £1,054 | £131 | £1,185 | £17,173 | 14.5 yrs | £6,526 |
| 6 kW | 6287 kWh | 4716 kWh | 1572 kWh | £1,265 | £157 | £1,422 | £19,207 | 13.5 yrs | £9,231 |
| 7 kW | 7335 kWh | 5502 kWh | 1834 kWh | £1,476 | £183 | £1,659 | £21,242 | 12.8 yrs | £11,936 |
| 8 kW | 8383 kWh | 6287 kWh | 2096 kWh | £1,686 | £210 | £1,896 | £23,276 | 12.3 yrs | £14,641 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,203, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2096 kWh | 1614 kWh | 482 kWh | £433 | £48 | £481 | £13,519 | 28.1 yrs | £-3,899 |
| 3 kW | 3144 kWh | 2421 kWh | 723 kWh | £649 | £72 | £722 | £15,554 | 21.6 yrs | £-1,123 |
| 4 kW | 4192 kWh | 3228 kWh | 964 kWh | £866 | £96 | £962 | £17,588 | 18.3 yrs | £1,653 |
| 5 kW | 5240 kWh | 4034 kWh | 1205 kWh | £1,082 | £121 | £1,203 | £19,623 | 16.3 yrs | £4,428 |
| 6 kW | 6287 kWh | 4841 kWh | 1446 kWh | £1,298 | £145 | £1,443 | £21,657 | 15.0 yrs | £7,204 |
| 7 kW | 7335 kWh | 5648 kWh | 1687 kWh | £1,515 | £169 | £1,684 | £23,692 | 14.1 yrs | £9,980 |
| 8 kW | 8383 kWh | 6455 kWh | 1928 kWh | £1,731 | £193 | £1,924 | £25,726 | 13.4 yrs | £12,756 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.