A typical roof here lands around 3.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1016 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.8p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £850, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2032 kWh | 813 kWh | 1219 kWh | £218 | £122 | £340 | £4,069 | 12.0 yrs | £2,728 |
| 3 kW | 3047 kWh | 1219 kWh | 1828 kWh | £327 | £183 | £510 | £6,104 | 12.0 yrs | £4,092 |
| 4 kW | 4063 kWh | 1625 kWh | 2438 kWh | £436 | £244 | £680 | £8,138 | 12.0 yrs | £5,456 |
| 5 kW | 5079 kWh | 2032 kWh | 3047 kWh | £545 | £305 | £850 | £10,173 | 12.0 yrs | £6,820 |
| 6 kW | 6095 kWh | 2438 kWh | 3657 kWh | £654 | £366 | £1,020 | £12,207 | 12.0 yrs | £8,184 |
| 7 kW | 7111 kWh | 2844 kWh | 4266 kWh | £763 | £427 | £1,189 | £14,242 | 12.0 yrs | £9,547 |
| 8 kW | 8126 kWh | 3251 kWh | 4876 kWh | £872 | £488 | £1,359 | £16,276 | 12.0 yrs | £10,911 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,020, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2032 kWh | 1219 kWh | 813 kWh | £327 | £81 | £408 | £6,169 | 15.1 yrs | £1,995 |
| 3 kW | 3047 kWh | 1828 kWh | 1219 kWh | £490 | £122 | £612 | £8,204 | 13.4 yrs | £4,042 |
| 4 kW | 4063 kWh | 2438 kWh | 1625 kWh | £654 | £163 | £816 | £10,238 | 12.5 yrs | £6,089 |
| 5 kW | 5079 kWh | 3047 kWh | 2032 kWh | £817 | £203 | £1,020 | £12,273 | 12.0 yrs | £8,137 |
| 6 kW | 6095 kWh | 3657 kWh | 2438 kWh | £981 | £244 | £1,225 | £14,307 | 11.7 yrs | £10,184 |
| 7 kW | 7111 kWh | 4266 kWh | 2844 kWh | £1,144 | £284 | £1,429 | £16,342 | 11.4 yrs | £12,231 |
| 8 kW | 8126 kWh | 4876 kWh | 3251 kWh | £1,308 | £325 | £1,633 | £18,376 | 11.3 yrs | £14,279 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,106, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2032 kWh | 1422 kWh | 609 kWh | £381 | £61 | £442 | £7,569 | 17.1 yrs | £1,278 |
| 3 kW | 3047 kWh | 2133 kWh | 914 kWh | £572 | £91 | £664 | £9,604 | 14.5 yrs | £3,667 |
| 4 kW | 4063 kWh | 2844 kWh | 1219 kWh | £763 | £122 | £885 | £11,638 | 13.2 yrs | £6,056 |
| 5 kW | 5079 kWh | 3555 kWh | 1524 kWh | £954 | £152 | £1,106 | £13,673 | 12.4 yrs | £8,445 |
| 6 kW | 6095 kWh | 4266 kWh | 1828 kWh | £1,144 | £183 | £1,327 | £15,707 | 11.8 yrs | £10,834 |
| 7 kW | 7111 kWh | 4977 kWh | 2133 kWh | £1,335 | £213 | £1,548 | £17,742 | 11.5 yrs | £13,223 |
| 8 kW | 8126 kWh | 5688 kWh | 2438 kWh | £1,526 | £244 | £1,769 | £19,776 | 11.2 yrs | £15,612 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,132, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2032 kWh | 1483 kWh | 549 kWh | £398 | £55 | £453 | £9,319 | 20.6 yrs | £-267 |
| 3 kW | 3047 kWh | 2225 kWh | 823 kWh | £597 | £82 | £679 | £11,354 | 16.7 yrs | £2,225 |
| 4 kW | 4063 kWh | 2966 kWh | 1097 kWh | £796 | £110 | £905 | £13,388 | 14.8 yrs | £4,716 |
| 5 kW | 5079 kWh | 3708 kWh | 1371 kWh | £994 | £137 | £1,132 | £15,423 | 13.6 yrs | £7,208 |
| 6 kW | 6095 kWh | 4449 kWh | 1646 kWh | £1,193 | £165 | £1,358 | £17,457 | 12.9 yrs | £9,699 |
| 7 kW | 7111 kWh | 5191 kWh | 1920 kWh | £1,392 | £192 | £1,584 | £19,492 | 12.3 yrs | £12,191 |
| 8 kW | 8126 kWh | 5932 kWh | 2194 kWh | £1,591 | £219 | £1,810 | £21,526 | 11.9 yrs | £14,683 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,149, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2032 kWh | 1524 kWh | 508 kWh | £409 | £51 | £459 | £11,069 | 24.1 yrs | £-1,880 |
| 3 kW | 3047 kWh | 2286 kWh | 762 kWh | £613 | £76 | £689 | £13,104 | 19.0 yrs | £680 |
| 4 kW | 4063 kWh | 3047 kWh | 1016 kWh | £817 | £102 | £919 | £15,138 | 16.5 yrs | £3,240 |
| 5 kW | 5079 kWh | 3809 kWh | 1270 kWh | £1,022 | £127 | £1,149 | £17,173 | 15.0 yrs | £5,800 |
| 6 kW | 6095 kWh | 4571 kWh | 1524 kWh | £1,226 | £152 | £1,378 | £19,207 | 13.9 yrs | £8,359 |
| 7 kW | 7111 kWh | 5333 kWh | 1778 kWh | £1,430 | £178 | £1,608 | £21,242 | 13.2 yrs | £10,919 |
| 8 kW | 8126 kWh | 6095 kWh | 2032 kWh | £1,635 | £203 | £1,838 | £23,276 | 12.7 yrs | £13,479 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,166, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2032 kWh | 1564 kWh | 467 kWh | £420 | £47 | £466 | £13,519 | 29.0 yrs | £-4,193 |
| 3 kW | 3047 kWh | 2346 kWh | 701 kWh | £629 | £70 | £699 | £15,554 | 22.2 yrs | £-1,565 |
| 4 kW | 4063 kWh | 3129 kWh | 935 kWh | £839 | £93 | £933 | £17,588 | 18.9 yrs | £1,063 |
| 5 kW | 5079 kWh | 3911 kWh | 1168 kWh | £1,049 | £117 | £1,166 | £19,623 | 16.8 yrs | £3,691 |
| 6 kW | 6095 kWh | 4693 kWh | 1402 kWh | £1,259 | £140 | £1,399 | £21,657 | 15.5 yrs | £6,320 |
| 7 kW | 7111 kWh | 5475 kWh | 1635 kWh | £1,468 | £164 | £1,632 | £23,692 | 14.5 yrs | £8,948 |
| 8 kW | 8126 kWh | 6257 kWh | 1869 kWh | £1,678 | £187 | £1,865 | £25,726 | 13.8 yrs | £11,576 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.