A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1026 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.9p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £860, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2052 kWh | 821 kWh | 1231 kWh | £221 | £123 | £344 | £4,069 | 11.8 yrs | £2,814 |
| 3 kW | 3079 kWh | 1231 kWh | 1847 kWh | £331 | £185 | £516 | £6,104 | 11.8 yrs | £4,221 |
| 4 kW | 4105 kWh | 1642 kWh | 2463 kWh | £442 | £246 | £688 | £8,138 | 11.8 yrs | £5,628 |
| 5 kW | 5131 kWh | 2052 kWh | 3079 kWh | £552 | £308 | £860 | £10,173 | 11.8 yrs | £7,034 |
| 6 kW | 6157 kWh | 2463 kWh | 3694 kWh | £663 | £369 | £1,032 | £12,207 | 11.8 yrs | £8,441 |
| 7 kW | 7183 kWh | 2873 kWh | 4310 kWh | £773 | £431 | £1,204 | £14,242 | 11.8 yrs | £9,848 |
| 8 kW | 8209 kWh | 3284 kWh | 4926 kWh | £884 | £493 | £1,377 | £16,276 | 11.8 yrs | £11,255 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,034, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2052 kWh | 1231 kWh | 821 kWh | £331 | £82 | £414 | £6,169 | 14.9 yrs | £2,103 |
| 3 kW | 3079 kWh | 1847 kWh | 1231 kWh | £497 | £123 | £620 | £8,204 | 13.2 yrs | £4,204 |
| 4 kW | 4105 kWh | 2463 kWh | 1642 kWh | £663 | £164 | £827 | £10,238 | 12.4 yrs | £6,306 |
| 5 kW | 5131 kWh | 3079 kWh | 2052 kWh | £829 | £205 | £1,034 | £12,273 | 11.9 yrs | £8,407 |
| 6 kW | 6157 kWh | 3694 kWh | 2463 kWh | £994 | £246 | £1,241 | £14,307 | 11.5 yrs | £10,508 |
| 7 kW | 7183 kWh | 4310 kWh | 2873 kWh | £1,160 | £287 | £1,448 | £16,342 | 11.3 yrs | £12,610 |
| 8 kW | 8209 kWh | 4926 kWh | 3284 kWh | £1,326 | £328 | £1,654 | £18,376 | 11.1 yrs | £14,711 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,121, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2052 kWh | 1437 kWh | 616 kWh | £387 | £62 | £448 | £7,569 | 16.9 yrs | £1,397 |
| 3 kW | 3079 kWh | 2155 kWh | 924 kWh | £580 | £92 | £672 | £9,604 | 14.3 yrs | £3,846 |
| 4 kW | 4105 kWh | 2873 kWh | 1231 kWh | £773 | £123 | £897 | £11,638 | 13.0 yrs | £6,295 |
| 5 kW | 5131 kWh | 3592 kWh | 1539 kWh | £967 | £154 | £1,121 | £13,673 | 12.2 yrs | £8,743 |
| 6 kW | 6157 kWh | 4310 kWh | 1847 kWh | £1,160 | £185 | £1,345 | £15,707 | 11.7 yrs | £11,192 |
| 7 kW | 7183 kWh | 5028 kWh | 2155 kWh | £1,354 | £215 | £1,569 | £17,742 | 11.3 yrs | £13,641 |
| 8 kW | 8209 kWh | 5747 kWh | 2463 kWh | £1,547 | £246 | £1,793 | £19,776 | 11.0 yrs | £16,089 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,147, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2052 kWh | 1498 kWh | 554 kWh | £403 | £55 | £459 | £9,319 | 20.3 yrs | £-144 |
| 3 kW | 3079 kWh | 2247 kWh | 831 kWh | £605 | £83 | £688 | £11,354 | 16.5 yrs | £2,409 |
| 4 kW | 4105 kWh | 2996 kWh | 1108 kWh | £807 | £111 | £917 | £13,388 | 14.6 yrs | £4,961 |
| 5 kW | 5131 kWh | 3746 kWh | 1385 kWh | £1,008 | £139 | £1,147 | £15,423 | 13.4 yrs | £7,514 |
| 6 kW | 6157 kWh | 4495 kWh | 1662 kWh | £1,210 | £166 | £1,376 | £17,457 | 12.7 yrs | £10,067 |
| 7 kW | 7183 kWh | 5244 kWh | 1939 kWh | £1,412 | £194 | £1,606 | £19,492 | 12.1 yrs | £12,620 |
| 8 kW | 8209 kWh | 5993 kWh | 2217 kWh | £1,613 | £222 | £1,835 | £21,526 | 11.7 yrs | £15,173 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,164, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2052 kWh | 1539 kWh | 513 kWh | £414 | £51 | £466 | £11,069 | 23.8 yrs | £-1,755 |
| 3 kW | 3079 kWh | 2309 kWh | 770 kWh | £622 | £77 | £699 | £13,104 | 18.8 yrs | £867 |
| 4 kW | 4105 kWh | 3079 kWh | 1026 kWh | £829 | £103 | £931 | £15,138 | 16.3 yrs | £3,489 |
| 5 kW | 5131 kWh | 3848 kWh | 1283 kWh | £1,036 | £128 | £1,164 | £17,173 | 14.8 yrs | £6,111 |
| 6 kW | 6157 kWh | 4618 kWh | 1539 kWh | £1,243 | £154 | £1,397 | £19,207 | 13.7 yrs | £8,734 |
| 7 kW | 7183 kWh | 5387 kWh | 1796 kWh | £1,450 | £180 | £1,630 | £21,242 | 13.0 yrs | £11,356 |
| 8 kW | 8209 kWh | 6157 kWh | 2052 kWh | £1,657 | £205 | £1,863 | £23,276 | 12.5 yrs | £13,978 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,182, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2052 kWh | 1580 kWh | 472 kWh | £425 | £47 | £473 | £13,519 | 28.6 yrs | £-4,067 |
| 3 kW | 3079 kWh | 2370 kWh | 708 kWh | £638 | £71 | £709 | £15,554 | 21.9 yrs | £-1,375 |
| 4 kW | 4105 kWh | 3161 kWh | 944 kWh | £851 | £94 | £945 | £17,588 | 18.6 yrs | £1,317 |
| 5 kW | 5131 kWh | 3951 kWh | 1180 kWh | £1,064 | £118 | £1,182 | £19,623 | 16.6 yrs | £4,009 |
| 6 kW | 6157 kWh | 4741 kWh | 1416 kWh | £1,276 | £142 | £1,418 | £21,657 | 15.3 yrs | £6,700 |
| 7 kW | 7183 kWh | 5531 kWh | 1652 kWh | £1,489 | £165 | £1,654 | £23,692 | 14.3 yrs | £9,392 |
| 8 kW | 8209 kWh | 6321 kWh | 1888 kWh | £1,702 | £189 | £1,891 | £25,726 | 13.6 yrs | £12,084 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.