A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1045 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.9p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £876, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2090 kWh | 836 kWh | 1254 kWh | £225 | £125 | £350 | £4,069 | 11.6 yrs | £2,941 |
| 3 kW | 3135 kWh | 1254 kWh | 1881 kWh | £338 | £188 | £526 | £6,104 | 11.6 yrs | £4,411 |
| 4 kW | 4180 kWh | 1672 kWh | 2508 kWh | £450 | £251 | £701 | £8,138 | 11.6 yrs | £5,881 |
| 5 kW | 5225 kWh | 2090 kWh | 3135 kWh | £563 | £314 | £876 | £10,173 | 11.6 yrs | £7,352 |
| 6 kW | 6271 kWh | 2508 kWh | 3762 kWh | £675 | £376 | £1,051 | £12,207 | 11.6 yrs | £8,822 |
| 7 kW | 7316 kWh | 2926 kWh | 4389 kWh | £788 | £439 | £1,227 | £14,242 | 11.6 yrs | £10,292 |
| 8 kW | 8361 kWh | 3344 kWh | 5016 kWh | £900 | £502 | £1,402 | £16,276 | 11.6 yrs | £11,762 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,053, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2090 kWh | 1254 kWh | 836 kWh | £338 | £84 | £421 | £6,169 | 14.6 yrs | £2,255 |
| 3 kW | 3135 kWh | 1881 kWh | 1254 kWh | £506 | £125 | £632 | £8,204 | 13.0 yrs | £4,433 |
| 4 kW | 4180 kWh | 2508 kWh | 1672 kWh | £675 | £167 | £842 | £10,238 | 12.2 yrs | £6,610 |
| 5 kW | 5225 kWh | 3135 kWh | 2090 kWh | £844 | £209 | £1,053 | £12,273 | 11.7 yrs | £8,788 |
| 6 kW | 6271 kWh | 3762 kWh | 2508 kWh | £1,013 | £251 | £1,264 | £14,307 | 11.3 yrs | £10,966 |
| 7 kW | 7316 kWh | 4389 kWh | 2926 kWh | £1,182 | £293 | £1,474 | £16,342 | 11.1 yrs | £13,143 |
| 8 kW | 8361 kWh | 5016 kWh | 3344 kWh | £1,350 | £334 | £1,685 | £18,376 | 10.9 yrs | £15,321 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,141, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2090 kWh | 1463 kWh | 627 kWh | £394 | £63 | £457 | £7,569 | 16.6 yrs | £1,563 |
| 3 kW | 3135 kWh | 2195 kWh | 941 kWh | £591 | £94 | £685 | £9,604 | 14.0 yrs | £4,094 |
| 4 kW | 4180 kWh | 2926 kWh | 1254 kWh | £788 | £125 | £913 | £11,638 | 12.7 yrs | £6,625 |
| 5 kW | 5225 kWh | 3658 kWh | 1568 kWh | £985 | £157 | £1,141 | £13,673 | 12.0 yrs | £9,156 |
| 6 kW | 6271 kWh | 4389 kWh | 1881 kWh | £1,182 | £188 | £1,370 | £15,707 | 11.5 yrs | £11,688 |
| 7 kW | 7316 kWh | 5121 kWh | 2195 kWh | £1,379 | £219 | £1,598 | £17,742 | 11.1 yrs | £14,219 |
| 8 kW | 8361 kWh | 5853 kWh | 2508 kWh | £1,575 | £251 | £1,826 | £19,776 | 10.8 yrs | £16,750 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,168, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2090 kWh | 1526 kWh | 564 kWh | £411 | £56 | £467 | £9,319 | 19.9 yrs | £25 |
| 3 kW | 3135 kWh | 2289 kWh | 847 kWh | £616 | £85 | £701 | £11,354 | 16.2 yrs | £2,662 |
| 4 kW | 4180 kWh | 3052 kWh | 1129 kWh | £822 | £113 | £934 | £13,388 | 14.3 yrs | £5,300 |
| 5 kW | 5225 kWh | 3815 kWh | 1411 kWh | £1,027 | £141 | £1,168 | £15,423 | 13.2 yrs | £7,937 |
| 6 kW | 6271 kWh | 4577 kWh | 1693 kWh | £1,232 | £169 | £1,402 | £17,457 | 12.5 yrs | £10,574 |
| 7 kW | 7316 kWh | 5340 kWh | 1975 kWh | £1,438 | £198 | £1,635 | £19,492 | 11.9 yrs | £13,212 |
| 8 kW | 8361 kWh | 6103 kWh | 2257 kWh | £1,643 | £226 | £1,869 | £21,526 | 11.5 yrs | £15,849 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,186, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2090 kWh | 1568 kWh | 523 kWh | £422 | £52 | £474 | £11,069 | 23.3 yrs | £-1,584 |
| 3 kW | 3135 kWh | 2351 kWh | 784 kWh | £633 | £78 | £711 | £13,104 | 18.4 yrs | £1,124 |
| 4 kW | 4180 kWh | 3135 kWh | 1045 kWh | £844 | £105 | £949 | £15,138 | 16.0 yrs | £3,832 |
| 5 kW | 5225 kWh | 3919 kWh | 1306 kWh | £1,055 | £131 | £1,186 | £17,173 | 14.5 yrs | £6,541 |
| 6 kW | 6271 kWh | 4703 kWh | 1568 kWh | £1,266 | £157 | £1,423 | £19,207 | 13.5 yrs | £9,249 |
| 7 kW | 7316 kWh | 5487 kWh | 1829 kWh | £1,477 | £183 | £1,660 | £21,242 | 12.8 yrs | £11,957 |
| 8 kW | 8361 kWh | 6271 kWh | 2090 kWh | £1,688 | £209 | £1,897 | £23,276 | 12.3 yrs | £14,665 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,203, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2090 kWh | 1609 kWh | 481 kWh | £433 | £48 | £481 | £13,519 | 28.1 yrs | £-3,892 |
| 3 kW | 3135 kWh | 2414 kWh | 721 kWh | £650 | £72 | £722 | £15,554 | 21.5 yrs | £-1,113 |
| 4 kW | 4180 kWh | 3219 kWh | 961 kWh | £867 | £96 | £963 | £17,588 | 18.3 yrs | £1,665 |
| 5 kW | 5225 kWh | 4024 kWh | 1202 kWh | £1,083 | £120 | £1,203 | £19,623 | 16.3 yrs | £4,444 |
| 6 kW | 6271 kWh | 4828 kWh | 1442 kWh | £1,300 | £144 | £1,444 | £21,657 | 15.0 yrs | £7,223 |
| 7 kW | 7316 kWh | 5633 kWh | 1683 kWh | £1,516 | £168 | £1,685 | £23,692 | 14.1 yrs | £10,002 |
| 8 kW | 8361 kWh | 6438 kWh | 1923 kWh | £1,733 | £192 | £1,925 | £25,726 | 13.4 yrs | £12,781 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.