A typical roof here lands around 3.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1115 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.9p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £935, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 10.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2230 kWh | 892 kWh | 1338 kWh | £240 | £134 | £374 | £4,069 | 10.9 yrs | £3,411 |
| 3 kW | 3346 kWh | 1338 kWh | 2007 kWh | £360 | £201 | £561 | £6,104 | 10.9 yrs | £5,116 |
| 4 kW | 4461 kWh | 1784 kWh | 2676 kWh | £480 | £268 | £748 | £8,138 | 10.9 yrs | £6,821 |
| 5 kW | 5576 kWh | 2230 kWh | 3346 kWh | £600 | £335 | £935 | £10,173 | 10.9 yrs | £8,527 |
| 6 kW | 6691 kWh | 2676 kWh | 4015 kWh | £720 | £401 | £1,122 | £12,207 | 10.9 yrs | £10,232 |
| 7 kW | 7806 kWh | 3123 kWh | 4684 kWh | £841 | £468 | £1,309 | £14,242 | 10.9 yrs | £11,938 |
| 8 kW | 8921 kWh | 3569 kWh | 5353 kWh | £961 | £535 | £1,496 | £16,276 | 10.9 yrs | £13,643 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,124, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 10.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2230 kWh | 1338 kWh | 892 kWh | £360 | £89 | £449 | £6,169 | 13.7 yrs | £2,820 |
| 3 kW | 3346 kWh | 2007 kWh | 1338 kWh | £540 | £134 | £674 | £8,204 | 12.2 yrs | £5,280 |
| 4 kW | 4461 kWh | 2676 kWh | 1784 kWh | £720 | £178 | £899 | £10,238 | 11.4 yrs | £7,740 |
| 5 kW | 5576 kWh | 3346 kWh | 2230 kWh | £901 | £223 | £1,124 | £12,273 | 10.9 yrs | £10,201 |
| 6 kW | 6691 kWh | 4015 kWh | 2676 kWh | £1,081 | £268 | £1,348 | £14,307 | 10.6 yrs | £12,661 |
| 7 kW | 7806 kWh | 4684 kWh | 3123 kWh | £1,261 | £312 | £1,573 | £16,342 | 10.4 yrs | £15,121 |
| 8 kW | 8921 kWh | 5353 kWh | 3569 kWh | £1,441 | £357 | £1,798 | £18,376 | 10.2 yrs | £17,581 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,218, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 11.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2230 kWh | 1561 kWh | 669 kWh | £420 | £67 | £487 | £7,569 | 15.5 yrs | £2,175 |
| 3 kW | 3346 kWh | 2342 kWh | 1004 kWh | £630 | £100 | £731 | £9,604 | 13.1 yrs | £5,012 |
| 4 kW | 4461 kWh | 3123 kWh | 1338 kWh | £841 | £134 | £974 | £11,638 | 11.9 yrs | £7,850 |
| 5 kW | 5576 kWh | 3903 kWh | 1673 kWh | £1,051 | £167 | £1,218 | £13,673 | 11.2 yrs | £10,687 |
| 6 kW | 6691 kWh | 4684 kWh | 2007 kWh | £1,261 | £201 | £1,462 | £15,707 | 10.7 yrs | £13,525 |
| 7 kW | 7806 kWh | 5464 kWh | 2342 kWh | £1,471 | £234 | £1,705 | £17,742 | 10.4 yrs | £16,362 |
| 8 kW | 8921 kWh | 6245 kWh | 2676 kWh | £1,681 | £268 | £1,949 | £19,776 | 10.1 yrs | £19,200 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,246, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 12.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2230 kWh | 1628 kWh | 602 kWh | £438 | £60 | £499 | £9,319 | 18.7 yrs | £651 |
| 3 kW | 3346 kWh | 2442 kWh | 903 kWh | £657 | £90 | £748 | £11,354 | 15.2 yrs | £3,602 |
| 4 kW | 4461 kWh | 3256 kWh | 1204 kWh | £877 | £120 | £997 | £13,388 | 13.4 yrs | £6,553 |
| 5 kW | 5576 kWh | 4070 kWh | 1505 kWh | £1,096 | £151 | £1,246 | £15,423 | 12.4 yrs | £9,504 |
| 6 kW | 6691 kWh | 4884 kWh | 1807 kWh | £1,315 | £181 | £1,496 | £17,457 | 11.7 yrs | £12,454 |
| 7 kW | 7806 kWh | 5699 kWh | 2108 kWh | £1,534 | £211 | £1,745 | £19,492 | 11.2 yrs | £15,405 |
| 8 kW | 8921 kWh | 6513 kWh | 2409 kWh | £1,753 | £241 | £1,994 | £21,526 | 10.8 yrs | £18,356 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,265, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 13.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2230 kWh | 1673 kWh | 558 kWh | £450 | £56 | £506 | £11,069 | 21.9 yrs | £-948 |
| 3 kW | 3346 kWh | 2509 kWh | 836 kWh | £675 | £84 | £759 | £13,104 | 17.3 yrs | £2,079 |
| 4 kW | 4461 kWh | 3346 kWh | 1115 kWh | £901 | £112 | £1,012 | £15,138 | 15.0 yrs | £5,105 |
| 5 kW | 5576 kWh | 4182 kWh | 1394 kWh | £1,126 | £139 | £1,265 | £17,173 | 13.6 yrs | £8,131 |
| 6 kW | 6691 kWh | 5018 kWh | 1673 kWh | £1,351 | £167 | £1,518 | £19,207 | 12.7 yrs | £11,157 |
| 7 kW | 7806 kWh | 5855 kWh | 1952 kWh | £1,576 | £195 | £1,771 | £21,242 | 12.0 yrs | £14,183 |
| 8 kW | 8921 kWh | 6691 kWh | 2230 kWh | £1,801 | £223 | £2,024 | £23,276 | 11.5 yrs | £17,209 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,284, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 15.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2230 kWh | 1717 kWh | 513 kWh | £462 | £51 | £514 | £13,519 | 26.3 yrs | £-3,247 |
| 3 kW | 3346 kWh | 2576 kWh | 769 kWh | £693 | £77 | £770 | £15,554 | 20.2 yrs | £-145 |
| 4 kW | 4461 kWh | 3435 kWh | 1026 kWh | £925 | £103 | £1,027 | £17,588 | 17.1 yrs | £2,957 |
| 5 kW | 5576 kWh | 4293 kWh | 1282 kWh | £1,156 | £128 | £1,284 | £19,623 | 15.3 yrs | £6,058 |
| 6 kW | 6691 kWh | 5152 kWh | 1539 kWh | £1,387 | £154 | £1,541 | £21,657 | 14.1 yrs | £9,160 |
| 7 kW | 7806 kWh | 6011 kWh | 1795 kWh | £1,618 | £180 | £1,798 | £23,692 | 13.2 yrs | £12,262 |
| 8 kW | 8921 kWh | 6870 kWh | 2052 kWh | £1,849 | £205 | £2,054 | £25,726 | 12.5 yrs | £15,363 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.