A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1028 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.9p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £862, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2055 kWh | 822 kWh | 1233 kWh | £221 | £123 | £345 | £4,069 | 11.8 yrs | £2,824 |
| 3 kW | 3083 kWh | 1233 kWh | 1850 kWh | £332 | £185 | £517 | £6,104 | 11.8 yrs | £4,236 |
| 4 kW | 4111 kWh | 1644 kWh | 2467 kWh | £443 | £247 | £689 | £8,138 | 11.8 yrs | £5,648 |
| 5 kW | 5139 kWh | 2055 kWh | 3083 kWh | £553 | £308 | £862 | £10,173 | 11.8 yrs | £7,060 |
| 6 kW | 6166 kWh | 2467 kWh | 3700 kWh | £664 | £370 | £1,034 | £12,207 | 11.8 yrs | £8,472 |
| 7 kW | 7194 kWh | 2878 kWh | 4316 kWh | £775 | £432 | £1,206 | £14,242 | 11.8 yrs | £9,884 |
| 8 kW | 8222 kWh | 3289 kWh | 4933 kWh | £885 | £493 | £1,379 | £16,276 | 11.8 yrs | £11,296 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,036, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2055 kWh | 1233 kWh | 822 kWh | £332 | £82 | £414 | £6,169 | 14.9 yrs | £2,115 |
| 3 kW | 3083 kWh | 1850 kWh | 1233 kWh | £498 | £123 | £621 | £8,204 | 13.2 yrs | £4,223 |
| 4 kW | 4111 kWh | 2467 kWh | 1644 kWh | £664 | £164 | £828 | £10,238 | 12.4 yrs | £6,330 |
| 5 kW | 5139 kWh | 3083 kWh | 2055 kWh | £830 | £206 | £1,036 | £12,273 | 11.9 yrs | £8,438 |
| 6 kW | 6166 kWh | 3700 kWh | 2467 kWh | £996 | £247 | £1,243 | £14,307 | 11.5 yrs | £10,545 |
| 7 kW | 7194 kWh | 4316 kWh | 2878 kWh | £1,162 | £288 | £1,450 | £16,342 | 11.3 yrs | £12,653 |
| 8 kW | 8222 kWh | 4933 kWh | 3289 kWh | £1,328 | £329 | £1,657 | £18,376 | 11.1 yrs | £14,761 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,122, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2055 kWh | 1439 kWh | 617 kWh | £387 | £62 | £449 | £7,569 | 16.9 yrs | £1,411 |
| 3 kW | 3083 kWh | 2158 kWh | 925 kWh | £581 | £92 | £673 | £9,604 | 14.3 yrs | £3,866 |
| 4 kW | 4111 kWh | 2878 kWh | 1233 kWh | £775 | £123 | £898 | £11,638 | 13.0 yrs | £6,321 |
| 5 kW | 5139 kWh | 3597 kWh | 1542 kWh | £968 | £154 | £1,122 | £13,673 | 12.2 yrs | £8,777 |
| 6 kW | 6166 kWh | 4316 kWh | 1850 kWh | £1,162 | £185 | £1,347 | £15,707 | 11.7 yrs | £11,232 |
| 7 kW | 7194 kWh | 5036 kWh | 2158 kWh | £1,356 | £216 | £1,571 | £17,742 | 11.3 yrs | £13,687 |
| 8 kW | 8222 kWh | 5755 kWh | 2467 kWh | £1,549 | £247 | £1,796 | £19,776 | 11.0 yrs | £16,143 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,149, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2055 kWh | 1500 kWh | 555 kWh | £404 | £55 | £459 | £9,319 | 20.3 yrs | £-131 |
| 3 kW | 3083 kWh | 2251 kWh | 832 kWh | £606 | £83 | £689 | £11,354 | 16.5 yrs | £2,429 |
| 4 kW | 4111 kWh | 3001 kWh | 1110 kWh | £808 | £111 | £919 | £13,388 | 14.6 yrs | £4,989 |
| 5 kW | 5139 kWh | 3751 kWh | 1387 kWh | £1,010 | £139 | £1,149 | £15,423 | 13.4 yrs | £7,548 |
| 6 kW | 6166 kWh | 4501 kWh | 1665 kWh | £1,212 | £166 | £1,378 | £17,457 | 12.7 yrs | £10,108 |
| 7 kW | 7194 kWh | 5252 kWh | 1942 kWh | £1,414 | £194 | £1,608 | £19,492 | 12.1 yrs | £12,668 |
| 8 kW | 8222 kWh | 6002 kWh | 2220 kWh | £1,616 | £222 | £1,838 | £21,526 | 11.7 yrs | £15,227 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,166, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2055 kWh | 1542 kWh | 514 kWh | £415 | £51 | £466 | £11,069 | 23.7 yrs | £-1,742 |
| 3 kW | 3083 kWh | 2312 kWh | 771 kWh | £622 | £77 | £700 | £13,104 | 18.7 yrs | £888 |
| 4 kW | 4111 kWh | 3083 kWh | 1028 kWh | £830 | £103 | £933 | £15,138 | 16.2 yrs | £3,517 |
| 5 kW | 5139 kWh | 3854 kWh | 1285 kWh | £1,037 | £128 | £1,166 | £17,173 | 14.7 yrs | £6,146 |
| 6 kW | 6166 kWh | 4625 kWh | 1542 kWh | £1,245 | £154 | £1,399 | £19,207 | 13.7 yrs | £8,775 |
| 7 kW | 7194 kWh | 5395 kWh | 1798 kWh | £1,452 | £180 | £1,632 | £21,242 | 13.0 yrs | £11,405 |
| 8 kW | 8222 kWh | 6166 kWh | 2055 kWh | £1,660 | £206 | £1,865 | £23,276 | 12.5 yrs | £14,034 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,183, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2055 kWh | 1583 kWh | 473 kWh | £426 | £47 | £473 | £13,519 | 28.6 yrs | £-4,052 |
| 3 kW | 3083 kWh | 2374 kWh | 709 kWh | £639 | £71 | £710 | £15,554 | 21.9 yrs | £-1,354 |
| 4 kW | 4111 kWh | 3165 kWh | 945 kWh | £852 | £95 | £947 | £17,588 | 18.6 yrs | £1,345 |
| 5 kW | 5139 kWh | 3957 kWh | 1182 kWh | £1,065 | £118 | £1,183 | £19,623 | 16.6 yrs | £4,044 |
| 6 kW | 6166 kWh | 4748 kWh | 1418 kWh | £1,278 | £142 | £1,420 | £21,657 | 15.3 yrs | £6,743 |
| 7 kW | 7194 kWh | 5539 kWh | 1655 kWh | £1,491 | £165 | £1,657 | £23,692 | 14.3 yrs | £9,442 |
| 8 kW | 8222 kWh | 6331 kWh | 1891 kWh | £1,704 | £189 | £1,893 | £25,726 | 13.6 yrs | £12,140 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.