A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1116 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.9p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £935, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 10.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2231 kWh | 893 kWh | 1339 kWh | £240 | £134 | £374 | £4,069 | 10.9 yrs | £3,414 |
| 3 kW | 3347 kWh | 1339 kWh | 2008 kWh | £360 | £201 | £561 | £6,104 | 10.9 yrs | £5,121 |
| 4 kW | 4463 kWh | 1785 kWh | 2678 kWh | £481 | £268 | £748 | £8,138 | 10.9 yrs | £6,828 |
| 5 kW | 5578 kWh | 2231 kWh | 3347 kWh | £601 | £335 | £935 | £10,173 | 10.9 yrs | £8,536 |
| 6 kW | 6694 kWh | 2678 kWh | 4017 kWh | £721 | £402 | £1,122 | £12,207 | 10.9 yrs | £10,243 |
| 7 kW | 7810 kWh | 3124 kWh | 4686 kWh | £841 | £469 | £1,310 | £14,242 | 10.9 yrs | £11,950 |
| 8 kW | 8926 kWh | 3570 kWh | 5355 kWh | £961 | £536 | £1,497 | £16,276 | 10.9 yrs | £13,657 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,124, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 10.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2231 kWh | 1339 kWh | 893 kWh | £360 | £89 | £450 | £6,169 | 13.7 yrs | £2,824 |
| 3 kW | 3347 kWh | 2008 kWh | 1339 kWh | £541 | £134 | £675 | £8,204 | 12.2 yrs | £5,287 |
| 4 kW | 4463 kWh | 2678 kWh | 1785 kWh | £721 | £179 | £899 | £10,238 | 11.4 yrs | £7,749 |
| 5 kW | 5578 kWh | 3347 kWh | 2231 kWh | £901 | £223 | £1,124 | £12,273 | 10.9 yrs | £10,211 |
| 6 kW | 6694 kWh | 4017 kWh | 2678 kWh | £1,081 | £268 | £1,349 | £14,307 | 10.6 yrs | £12,673 |
| 7 kW | 7810 kWh | 4686 kWh | 3124 kWh | £1,261 | £312 | £1,574 | £16,342 | 10.4 yrs | £15,135 |
| 8 kW | 8926 kWh | 5355 kWh | 3570 kWh | £1,442 | £357 | £1,799 | £18,376 | 10.2 yrs | £17,598 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,219, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 11.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2231 kWh | 1562 kWh | 669 kWh | £420 | £67 | £487 | £7,569 | 15.5 yrs | £2,180 |
| 3 kW | 3347 kWh | 2343 kWh | 1004 kWh | £631 | £100 | £731 | £9,604 | 13.1 yrs | £5,019 |
| 4 kW | 4463 kWh | 3124 kWh | 1339 kWh | £841 | £134 | £975 | £11,638 | 11.9 yrs | £7,859 |
| 5 kW | 5578 kWh | 3905 kWh | 1674 kWh | £1,051 | £167 | £1,219 | £13,673 | 11.2 yrs | £10,699 |
| 6 kW | 6694 kWh | 4686 kWh | 2008 kWh | £1,261 | £201 | £1,462 | £15,707 | 10.7 yrs | £13,539 |
| 7 kW | 7810 kWh | 5467 kWh | 2343 kWh | £1,472 | £234 | £1,706 | £17,742 | 10.4 yrs | £16,378 |
| 8 kW | 8926 kWh | 6248 kWh | 2678 kWh | £1,682 | £268 | £1,950 | £19,776 | 10.1 yrs | £19,218 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,247, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 12.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2231 kWh | 1629 kWh | 602 kWh | £439 | £60 | £499 | £9,319 | 18.7 yrs | £656 |
| 3 kW | 3347 kWh | 2443 kWh | 904 kWh | £658 | £90 | £748 | £11,354 | 15.2 yrs | £3,609 |
| 4 kW | 4463 kWh | 3258 kWh | 1205 kWh | £877 | £120 | £998 | £13,388 | 13.4 yrs | £6,562 |
| 5 kW | 5578 kWh | 4072 kWh | 1506 kWh | £1,096 | £151 | £1,247 | £15,423 | 12.4 yrs | £9,515 |
| 6 kW | 6694 kWh | 4887 kWh | 1807 kWh | £1,316 | £181 | £1,496 | £17,457 | 11.7 yrs | £12,468 |
| 7 kW | 7810 kWh | 5701 kWh | 2109 kWh | £1,535 | £211 | £1,746 | £19,492 | 11.2 yrs | £15,421 |
| 8 kW | 8926 kWh | 6516 kWh | 2410 kWh | £1,754 | £241 | £1,995 | £21,526 | 10.8 yrs | £18,374 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,266, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 13.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2231 kWh | 1674 kWh | 558 kWh | £451 | £56 | £506 | £11,069 | 21.9 yrs | £-943 |
| 3 kW | 3347 kWh | 2510 kWh | 837 kWh | £676 | £84 | £759 | £13,104 | 17.3 yrs | £2,086 |
| 4 kW | 4463 kWh | 3347 kWh | 1116 kWh | £901 | £112 | £1,013 | £15,138 | 14.9 yrs | £5,114 |
| 5 kW | 5578 kWh | 4184 kWh | 1395 kWh | £1,126 | £139 | £1,266 | £17,173 | 13.6 yrs | £8,143 |
| 6 kW | 6694 kWh | 5021 kWh | 1674 kWh | £1,352 | £167 | £1,519 | £19,207 | 12.6 yrs | £11,171 |
| 7 kW | 7810 kWh | 5857 kWh | 1952 kWh | £1,577 | £195 | £1,772 | £21,242 | 12.0 yrs | £14,200 |
| 8 kW | 8926 kWh | 6694 kWh | 2231 kWh | £1,802 | £223 | £2,025 | £23,276 | 11.5 yrs | £17,228 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,285, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 15.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2231 kWh | 1718 kWh | 513 kWh | £463 | £51 | £514 | £13,519 | 26.3 yrs | £-3,242 |
| 3 kW | 3347 kWh | 2577 kWh | 770 kWh | £694 | £77 | £771 | £15,554 | 20.2 yrs | £-138 |
| 4 kW | 4463 kWh | 3436 kWh | 1026 kWh | £925 | £103 | £1,028 | £17,588 | 17.1 yrs | £2,966 |
| 5 kW | 5578 kWh | 4295 kWh | 1283 kWh | £1,156 | £128 | £1,285 | £19,623 | 15.3 yrs | £6,070 |
| 6 kW | 6694 kWh | 5155 kWh | 1540 kWh | £1,388 | £154 | £1,542 | £21,657 | 14.0 yrs | £9,174 |
| 7 kW | 7810 kWh | 6014 kWh | 1796 kWh | £1,619 | £180 | £1,798 | £23,692 | 13.2 yrs | £12,278 |
| 8 kW | 8926 kWh | 6873 kWh | 2053 kWh | £1,850 | £205 | £2,055 | £25,726 | 12.5 yrs | £15,382 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.