A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1124 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.9p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £943, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 10.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2249 kWh | 899 kWh | 1349 kWh | £242 | £135 | £377 | £4,069 | 10.8 yrs | £3,472 |
| 3 kW | 3373 kWh | 1349 kWh | 2024 kWh | £363 | £202 | £566 | £6,104 | 10.8 yrs | £5,208 |
| 4 kW | 4497 kWh | 1799 kWh | 2698 kWh | £484 | £270 | £754 | £8,138 | 10.8 yrs | £6,944 |
| 5 kW | 5621 kWh | 2249 kWh | 3373 kWh | £605 | £337 | £943 | £10,173 | 10.8 yrs | £8,680 |
| 6 kW | 6746 kWh | 2698 kWh | 4047 kWh | £726 | £405 | £1,131 | £12,207 | 10.8 yrs | £10,415 |
| 7 kW | 7870 kWh | 3148 kWh | 4722 kWh | £847 | £472 | £1,320 | £14,242 | 10.8 yrs | £12,151 |
| 8 kW | 8994 kWh | 3598 kWh | 5397 kWh | £969 | £540 | £1,508 | £16,276 | 10.8 yrs | £13,887 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,133, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 10.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2249 kWh | 1349 kWh | 899 kWh | £363 | £90 | £453 | £6,169 | 13.6 yrs | £2,894 |
| 3 kW | 3373 kWh | 2024 kWh | 1349 kWh | £545 | £135 | £680 | £8,204 | 12.1 yrs | £5,390 |
| 4 kW | 4497 kWh | 2698 kWh | 1799 kWh | £726 | £180 | £906 | £10,238 | 11.3 yrs | £7,887 |
| 5 kW | 5621 kWh | 3373 kWh | 2249 kWh | £908 | £225 | £1,133 | £12,273 | 10.8 yrs | £10,384 |
| 6 kW | 6746 kWh | 4047 kWh | 2698 kWh | £1,090 | £270 | £1,359 | £14,307 | 10.5 yrs | £12,881 |
| 7 kW | 7870 kWh | 4722 kWh | 3148 kWh | £1,271 | £315 | £1,586 | £16,342 | 10.3 yrs | £15,378 |
| 8 kW | 8994 kWh | 5397 kWh | 3598 kWh | £1,453 | £360 | £1,813 | £18,376 | 10.1 yrs | £17,875 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,228, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 11.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2249 kWh | 1574 kWh | 675 kWh | £424 | £67 | £491 | £7,569 | 15.4 yrs | £2,255 |
| 3 kW | 3373 kWh | 2361 kWh | 1012 kWh | £636 | £101 | £737 | £9,604 | 13.0 yrs | £5,132 |
| 4 kW | 4497 kWh | 3148 kWh | 1349 kWh | £847 | £135 | £982 | £11,638 | 11.8 yrs | £8,009 |
| 5 kW | 5621 kWh | 3935 kWh | 1686 kWh | £1,059 | £169 | £1,228 | £13,673 | 11.1 yrs | £10,886 |
| 6 kW | 6746 kWh | 4722 kWh | 2024 kWh | £1,271 | £202 | £1,474 | £15,707 | 10.7 yrs | £13,764 |
| 7 kW | 7870 kWh | 5509 kWh | 2361 kWh | £1,483 | £236 | £1,719 | £17,742 | 10.3 yrs | £16,641 |
| 8 kW | 8994 kWh | 6296 kWh | 2698 kWh | £1,695 | £270 | £1,965 | £19,776 | 10.1 yrs | £19,518 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,256, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 12.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2249 kWh | 1641 kWh | 607 kWh | £442 | £61 | £503 | £9,319 | 18.5 yrs | £733 |
| 3 kW | 3373 kWh | 2462 kWh | 911 kWh | £663 | £91 | £754 | £11,354 | 15.1 yrs | £3,724 |
| 4 kW | 4497 kWh | 3283 kWh | 1214 kWh | £884 | £121 | £1,005 | £13,388 | 13.3 yrs | £6,716 |
| 5 kW | 5621 kWh | 4104 kWh | 1518 kWh | £1,105 | £152 | £1,256 | £15,423 | 12.3 yrs | £9,707 |
| 6 kW | 6746 kWh | 4924 kWh | 1821 kWh | £1,326 | £182 | £1,508 | £17,457 | 11.6 yrs | £12,699 |
| 7 kW | 7870 kWh | 5745 kWh | 2125 kWh | £1,547 | £212 | £1,759 | £19,492 | 11.1 yrs | £15,690 |
| 8 kW | 8994 kWh | 6566 kWh | 2428 kWh | £1,768 | £243 | £2,010 | £21,526 | 10.7 yrs | £18,681 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,276, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 13.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2249 kWh | 1686 kWh | 562 kWh | £454 | £56 | £510 | £11,069 | 21.7 yrs | £-865 |
| 3 kW | 3373 kWh | 2530 kWh | 843 kWh | £681 | £84 | £765 | £13,104 | 17.1 yrs | £2,203 |
| 4 kW | 4497 kWh | 3373 kWh | 1124 kWh | £908 | £112 | £1,020 | £15,138 | 14.8 yrs | £5,270 |
| 5 kW | 5621 kWh | 4216 kWh | 1405 kWh | £1,135 | £141 | £1,276 | £17,173 | 13.5 yrs | £8,338 |
| 6 kW | 6746 kWh | 5059 kWh | 1686 kWh | £1,362 | £169 | £1,531 | £19,207 | 12.5 yrs | £11,405 |
| 7 kW | 7870 kWh | 5903 kWh | 1968 kWh | £1,589 | £197 | £1,786 | £21,242 | 11.9 yrs | £14,473 |
| 8 kW | 8994 kWh | 6746 kWh | 2249 kWh | £1,816 | £225 | £2,041 | £23,276 | 11.4 yrs | £17,540 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,295, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 15.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2249 kWh | 1731 kWh | 517 kWh | £466 | £52 | £518 | £13,519 | 26.1 yrs | £-3,163 |
| 3 kW | 3373 kWh | 2597 kWh | 776 kWh | £699 | £78 | £777 | £15,554 | 20.0 yrs | £-19 |
| 4 kW | 4497 kWh | 3463 kWh | 1034 kWh | £932 | £103 | £1,036 | £17,588 | 17.0 yrs | £3,124 |
| 5 kW | 5621 kWh | 4329 kWh | 1293 kWh | £1,165 | £129 | £1,295 | £19,623 | 15.2 yrs | £6,268 |
| 6 kW | 6746 kWh | 5194 kWh | 1552 kWh | £1,398 | £155 | £1,553 | £21,657 | 13.9 yrs | £9,412 |
| 7 kW | 7870 kWh | 6060 kWh | 1810 kWh | £1,631 | £181 | £1,812 | £23,692 | 13.1 yrs | £12,555 |
| 8 kW | 8994 kWh | 6926 kWh | 2069 kWh | £1,864 | £207 | £2,071 | £25,726 | 12.4 yrs | £15,699 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.