A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1015 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.9p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £851, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2030 kWh | 812 kWh | 1218 kWh | £219 | £122 | £340 | £4,069 | 12.0 yrs | £2,739 |
| 3 kW | 3045 kWh | 1218 kWh | 1827 kWh | £328 | £183 | £511 | £6,104 | 12.0 yrs | £4,108 |
| 4 kW | 4060 kWh | 1624 kWh | 2436 kWh | £437 | £244 | £681 | £8,138 | 12.0 yrs | £5,478 |
| 5 kW | 5075 kWh | 2030 kWh | 3045 kWh | £546 | £305 | £851 | £10,173 | 12.0 yrs | £6,847 |
| 6 kW | 6090 kWh | 2436 kWh | 3654 kWh | £656 | £365 | £1,021 | £12,207 | 12.0 yrs | £8,217 |
| 7 kW | 7105 kWh | 2842 kWh | 4263 kWh | £765 | £426 | £1,191 | £14,242 | 12.0 yrs | £9,586 |
| 8 kW | 8120 kWh | 3248 kWh | 4872 kWh | £874 | £487 | £1,362 | £16,276 | 12.0 yrs | £10,956 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,023, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2030 kWh | 1218 kWh | 812 kWh | £328 | £81 | £409 | £6,169 | 15.1 yrs | £2,013 |
| 3 kW | 3045 kWh | 1827 kWh | 1218 kWh | £492 | £122 | £614 | £8,204 | 13.4 yrs | £4,069 |
| 4 kW | 4060 kWh | 2436 kWh | 1624 kWh | £656 | £162 | £818 | £10,238 | 12.5 yrs | £6,126 |
| 5 kW | 5075 kWh | 3045 kWh | 2030 kWh | £820 | £203 | £1,023 | £12,273 | 12.0 yrs | £8,182 |
| 6 kW | 6090 kWh | 3654 kWh | 2436 kWh | £984 | £244 | £1,227 | £14,307 | 11.7 yrs | £10,239 |
| 7 kW | 7105 kWh | 4263 kWh | 2842 kWh | £1,148 | £284 | £1,432 | £16,342 | 11.4 yrs | £12,295 |
| 8 kW | 8120 kWh | 4872 kWh | 3248 kWh | £1,312 | £325 | £1,636 | £18,376 | 11.2 yrs | £14,351 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,109, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2030 kWh | 1421 kWh | 609 kWh | £383 | £61 | £443 | £7,569 | 17.1 yrs | £1,300 |
| 3 kW | 3045 kWh | 2132 kWh | 914 kWh | £574 | £91 | £665 | £9,604 | 14.4 yrs | £3,700 |
| 4 kW | 4060 kWh | 2842 kWh | 1218 kWh | £765 | £122 | £887 | £11,638 | 13.1 yrs | £6,100 |
| 5 kW | 5075 kWh | 3553 kWh | 1523 kWh | £956 | £152 | £1,109 | £13,673 | 12.3 yrs | £8,500 |
| 6 kW | 6090 kWh | 4263 kWh | 1827 kWh | £1,148 | £183 | £1,330 | £15,707 | 11.8 yrs | £10,899 |
| 7 kW | 7105 kWh | 4974 kWh | 2132 kWh | £1,339 | £213 | £1,552 | £17,742 | 11.4 yrs | £13,299 |
| 8 kW | 8120 kWh | 5684 kWh | 2436 kWh | £1,530 | £244 | £1,774 | £19,776 | 11.1 yrs | £15,699 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,134, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2030 kWh | 1482 kWh | 548 kWh | £399 | £55 | £454 | £9,319 | 20.5 yrs | £-244 |
| 3 kW | 3045 kWh | 2223 kWh | 822 kWh | £598 | £82 | £681 | £11,354 | 16.7 yrs | £2,259 |
| 4 kW | 4060 kWh | 2964 kWh | 1096 kWh | £798 | £110 | £907 | £13,388 | 14.8 yrs | £4,762 |
| 5 kW | 5075 kWh | 3705 kWh | 1370 kWh | £997 | £137 | £1,134 | £15,423 | 13.6 yrs | £7,265 |
| 6 kW | 6090 kWh | 4446 kWh | 1644 kWh | £1,197 | £164 | £1,361 | £17,457 | 12.8 yrs | £9,768 |
| 7 kW | 7105 kWh | 5187 kWh | 1918 kWh | £1,396 | £192 | £1,588 | £19,492 | 12.3 yrs | £12,271 |
| 8 kW | 8120 kWh | 5928 kWh | 2192 kWh | £1,596 | £219 | £1,815 | £21,526 | 11.9 yrs | £14,774 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,152, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2030 kWh | 1523 kWh | 508 kWh | £410 | £51 | £461 | £11,069 | 24.0 yrs | £-1,857 |
| 3 kW | 3045 kWh | 2284 kWh | 761 kWh | £615 | £76 | £691 | £13,104 | 19.0 yrs | £715 |
| 4 kW | 4060 kWh | 3045 kWh | 1015 kWh | £820 | £102 | £921 | £15,138 | 16.4 yrs | £3,287 |
| 5 kW | 5075 kWh | 3806 kWh | 1269 kWh | £1,025 | £127 | £1,152 | £17,173 | 14.9 yrs | £5,858 |
| 6 kW | 6090 kWh | 4568 kWh | 1523 kWh | £1,230 | £152 | £1,382 | £19,207 | 13.9 yrs | £8,430 |
| 7 kW | 7105 kWh | 5329 kWh | 1776 kWh | £1,435 | £178 | £1,612 | £21,242 | 13.2 yrs | £11,002 |
| 8 kW | 8120 kWh | 6090 kWh | 2030 kWh | £1,639 | £203 | £1,842 | £23,276 | 12.6 yrs | £13,573 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,169, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2030 kWh | 1563 kWh | 467 kWh | £421 | £47 | £467 | £13,519 | 28.9 yrs | £-4,169 |
| 3 kW | 3045 kWh | 2345 kWh | 700 kWh | £631 | £70 | £701 | £15,554 | 22.2 yrs | £-1,529 |
| 4 kW | 4060 kWh | 3126 kWh | 934 kWh | £842 | £93 | £935 | £17,588 | 18.8 yrs | £1,111 |
| 5 kW | 5075 kWh | 3908 kWh | 1167 kWh | £1,052 | £117 | £1,169 | £19,623 | 16.8 yrs | £3,752 |
| 6 kW | 6090 kWh | 4689 kWh | 1401 kWh | £1,262 | £140 | £1,402 | £21,657 | 15.4 yrs | £6,392 |
| 7 kW | 7105 kWh | 5471 kWh | 1634 kWh | £1,473 | £163 | £1,636 | £23,692 | 14.5 yrs | £9,032 |
| 8 kW | 8120 kWh | 6253 kWh | 1868 kWh | £1,683 | £187 | £1,870 | £25,726 | 13.8 yrs | £11,673 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.