A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 892 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.8p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £728, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1784 kWh | 713 kWh | 1070 kWh | £184 | £107 | £291 | £4,069 | 14.0 yrs | £1,758 |
| 3 kW | 2675 kWh | 1070 kWh | 1605 kWh | £277 | £161 | £437 | £6,104 | 14.0 yrs | £2,637 |
| 4 kW | 3567 kWh | 1427 kWh | 2140 kWh | £369 | £214 | £583 | £8,138 | 14.0 yrs | £3,517 |
| 5 kW | 4459 kWh | 1784 kWh | 2675 kWh | £461 | £268 | £728 | £10,173 | 14.0 yrs | £4,396 |
| 6 kW | 5351 kWh | 2140 kWh | 3210 kWh | £553 | £321 | £874 | £12,207 | 14.0 yrs | £5,275 |
| 7 kW | 6243 kWh | 2497 kWh | 3746 kWh | £645 | £375 | £1,020 | £14,242 | 14.0 yrs | £6,154 |
| 8 kW | 7134 kWh | 2854 kWh | 4281 kWh | £737 | £428 | £1,165 | £16,276 | 14.0 yrs | £7,033 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £870, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1784 kWh | 1070 kWh | 713 kWh | £277 | £71 | £348 | £6,169 | 17.7 yrs | £788 |
| 3 kW | 2675 kWh | 1605 kWh | 1070 kWh | £415 | £107 | £522 | £8,204 | 15.7 yrs | £2,233 |
| 4 kW | 3567 kWh | 2140 kWh | 1427 kWh | £553 | £143 | £696 | £10,238 | 14.7 yrs | £3,677 |
| 5 kW | 4459 kWh | 2675 kWh | 1784 kWh | £691 | £178 | £870 | £12,273 | 14.1 yrs | £5,121 |
| 6 kW | 5351 kWh | 3210 kWh | 2140 kWh | £830 | £214 | £1,044 | £14,307 | 13.7 yrs | £6,565 |
| 7 kW | 6243 kWh | 3746 kWh | 2497 kWh | £968 | £250 | £1,218 | £16,342 | 13.4 yrs | £8,009 |
| 8 kW | 7134 kWh | 4281 kWh | 2854 kWh | £1,106 | £285 | £1,391 | £18,376 | 13.2 yrs | £9,453 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £940, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1784 kWh | 1249 kWh | 535 kWh | £323 | £54 | £376 | £7,569 | 20.1 yrs | £-47 |
| 3 kW | 2675 kWh | 1873 kWh | 803 kWh | £484 | £80 | £564 | £9,604 | 17.0 yrs | £1,680 |
| 4 kW | 3567 kWh | 2497 kWh | 1070 kWh | £645 | £107 | £752 | £11,638 | 15.5 yrs | £3,407 |
| 5 kW | 4459 kWh | 3121 kWh | 1338 kWh | £807 | £134 | £940 | £13,673 | 14.5 yrs | £5,134 |
| 6 kW | 5351 kWh | 3746 kWh | 1605 kWh | £968 | £161 | £1,128 | £15,707 | 13.9 yrs | £6,860 |
| 7 kW | 6243 kWh | 4370 kWh | 1873 kWh | £1,129 | £187 | £1,316 | £17,742 | 13.5 yrs | £8,587 |
| 8 kW | 7134 kWh | 4994 kWh | 2140 kWh | £1,290 | £214 | £1,504 | £19,776 | 13.1 yrs | £10,314 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £961, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1784 kWh | 1302 kWh | 482 kWh | £336 | £48 | £385 | £9,319 | 24.2 yrs | £-1,627 |
| 3 kW | 2675 kWh | 1953 kWh | 722 kWh | £505 | £72 | £577 | £11,354 | 19.7 yrs | £184 |
| 4 kW | 3567 kWh | 2604 kWh | 963 kWh | £673 | £96 | £769 | £13,388 | 17.4 yrs | £1,996 |
| 5 kW | 4459 kWh | 3255 kWh | 1204 kWh | £841 | £120 | £961 | £15,423 | 16.0 yrs | £3,807 |
| 6 kW | 5351 kWh | 3906 kWh | 1445 kWh | £1,009 | £144 | £1,154 | £17,457 | 15.1 yrs | £5,619 |
| 7 kW | 6243 kWh | 4557 kWh | 1685 kWh | £1,178 | £169 | £1,346 | £19,492 | 14.5 yrs | £7,430 |
| 8 kW | 7134 kWh | 5208 kWh | 1926 kWh | £1,346 | £193 | £1,538 | £21,526 | 14.0 yrs | £9,242 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £976, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1784 kWh | 1338 kWh | 446 kWh | £346 | £45 | £390 | £11,069 | 28.4 yrs | £-3,264 |
| 3 kW | 2675 kWh | 2007 kWh | 669 kWh | £518 | £67 | £585 | £13,104 | 22.4 yrs | £-1,396 |
| 4 kW | 3567 kWh | 2675 kWh | 892 kWh | £691 | £89 | £780 | £15,138 | 19.4 yrs | £472 |
| 5 kW | 4459 kWh | 3344 kWh | 1115 kWh | £864 | £111 | £976 | £17,173 | 17.6 yrs | £2,340 |
| 6 kW | 5351 kWh | 4013 kWh | 1338 kWh | £1,037 | £134 | £1,171 | £19,207 | 16.4 yrs | £4,208 |
| 7 kW | 6243 kWh | 4682 kWh | 1561 kWh | £1,210 | £156 | £1,366 | £21,242 | 15.6 yrs | £6,076 |
| 8 kW | 7134 kWh | 5351 kWh | 1784 kWh | £1,383 | £178 | £1,561 | £23,276 | 14.9 yrs | £7,944 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £990, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1784 kWh | 1373 kWh | 410 kWh | £355 | £41 | £396 | £13,519 | 34.1 yrs | £-5,601 |
| 3 kW | 2675 kWh | 2060 kWh | 615 kWh | £532 | £62 | £594 | £15,554 | 26.2 yrs | £-3,677 |
| 4 kW | 3567 kWh | 2747 kWh | 820 kWh | £710 | £82 | £792 | £17,588 | 22.2 yrs | £-1,752 |
| 5 kW | 4459 kWh | 3433 kWh | 1026 kWh | £887 | £103 | £990 | £19,623 | 19.8 yrs | £172 |
| 6 kW | 5351 kWh | 4120 kWh | 1231 kWh | £1,065 | £123 | £1,188 | £21,657 | 18.2 yrs | £2,097 |
| 7 kW | 6243 kWh | 4807 kWh | 1436 kWh | £1,242 | £144 | £1,386 | £23,692 | 17.1 yrs | £4,021 |
| 8 kW | 7134 kWh | 5493 kWh | 1641 kWh | £1,420 | £164 | £1,584 | £25,726 | 16.2 yrs | £5,946 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.