A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 926 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.7p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £791, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1851 kWh | 740 kWh | 1111 kWh | £205 | £111 | £316 | £4,069 | 12.9 yrs | £2,257 |
| 3 kW | 2777 kWh | 1111 kWh | 1666 kWh | £308 | £167 | £474 | £6,104 | 12.9 yrs | £3,386 |
| 4 kW | 3702 kWh | 1481 kWh | 2221 kWh | £411 | £222 | £633 | £8,138 | 12.9 yrs | £4,515 |
| 5 kW | 4628 kWh | 1851 kWh | 2777 kWh | £513 | £278 | £791 | £10,173 | 12.9 yrs | £5,643 |
| 6 kW | 5553 kWh | 2221 kWh | 3332 kWh | £616 | £333 | £949 | £12,207 | 12.9 yrs | £6,772 |
| 7 kW | 6479 kWh | 2592 kWh | 3887 kWh | £718 | £389 | £1,107 | £14,242 | 12.9 yrs | £7,901 |
| 8 kW | 7404 kWh | 2962 kWh | 4443 kWh | £821 | £444 | £1,265 | £16,276 | 12.9 yrs | £9,029 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £955, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1851 kWh | 1111 kWh | 740 kWh | £308 | £74 | £382 | £6,169 | 16.2 yrs | £1,469 |
| 3 kW | 2777 kWh | 1666 kWh | 1111 kWh | £462 | £111 | £573 | £8,204 | 14.3 yrs | £3,254 |
| 4 kW | 3702 kWh | 2221 kWh | 1481 kWh | £616 | £148 | £764 | £10,238 | 13.4 yrs | £5,039 |
| 5 kW | 4628 kWh | 2777 kWh | 1851 kWh | £770 | £185 | £955 | £12,273 | 12.9 yrs | £6,824 |
| 6 kW | 5553 kWh | 3332 kWh | 2221 kWh | £924 | £222 | £1,146 | £14,307 | 12.5 yrs | £8,608 |
| 7 kW | 6479 kWh | 3887 kWh | 2592 kWh | £1,078 | £259 | £1,337 | £16,342 | 12.2 yrs | £10,393 |
| 8 kW | 7404 kWh | 4443 kWh | 2962 kWh | £1,232 | £296 | £1,528 | £18,376 | 12.0 yrs | £12,178 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,037, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1851 kWh | 1296 kWh | 555 kWh | £359 | £56 | £415 | £7,569 | 18.3 yrs | £725 |
| 3 kW | 2777 kWh | 1944 kWh | 833 kWh | £539 | £83 | £622 | £9,604 | 15.4 yrs | £2,838 |
| 4 kW | 3702 kWh | 2592 kWh | 1111 kWh | £718 | £111 | £829 | £11,638 | 14.0 yrs | £4,951 |
| 5 kW | 4628 kWh | 3239 kWh | 1388 kWh | £898 | £139 | £1,037 | £13,673 | 13.2 yrs | £7,064 |
| 6 kW | 5553 kWh | 3887 kWh | 1666 kWh | £1,078 | £167 | £1,244 | £15,707 | 12.6 yrs | £9,176 |
| 7 kW | 6479 kWh | 4535 kWh | 1944 kWh | £1,257 | £194 | £1,452 | £17,742 | 12.2 yrs | £11,289 |
| 8 kW | 7404 kWh | 5183 kWh | 2221 kWh | £1,437 | £222 | £1,659 | £19,776 | 11.9 yrs | £13,402 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,061, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1851 kWh | 1351 kWh | 500 kWh | £375 | £50 | £425 | £9,319 | 21.9 yrs | £-828 |
| 3 kW | 2777 kWh | 2027 kWh | 750 kWh | £562 | £75 | £637 | £11,354 | 17.8 yrs | £1,383 |
| 4 kW | 3702 kWh | 2703 kWh | 1000 kWh | £749 | £100 | £849 | £13,388 | 15.8 yrs | £3,595 |
| 5 kW | 4628 kWh | 3378 kWh | 1250 kWh | £936 | £125 | £1,061 | £15,423 | 14.5 yrs | £5,806 |
| 6 kW | 5553 kWh | 4054 kWh | 1499 kWh | £1,124 | £150 | £1,274 | £17,457 | 13.7 yrs | £8,017 |
| 7 kW | 6479 kWh | 4730 kWh | 1749 kWh | £1,311 | £175 | £1,486 | £19,492 | 13.1 yrs | £10,228 |
| 8 kW | 7404 kWh | 5405 kWh | 1999 kWh | £1,498 | £200 | £1,698 | £21,526 | 12.7 yrs | £12,439 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,078, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1851 kWh | 1388 kWh | 463 kWh | £385 | £46 | £431 | £11,069 | 25.7 yrs | £-2,447 |
| 3 kW | 2777 kWh | 2083 kWh | 694 kWh | £577 | £69 | £647 | £13,104 | 20.3 yrs | £-170 |
| 4 kW | 3702 kWh | 2777 kWh | 926 kWh | £770 | £93 | £862 | £15,138 | 17.6 yrs | £2,107 |
| 5 kW | 4628 kWh | 3471 kWh | 1157 kWh | £962 | £116 | £1,078 | £17,173 | 15.9 yrs | £4,384 |
| 6 kW | 5553 kWh | 4165 kWh | 1388 kWh | £1,155 | £139 | £1,293 | £19,207 | 14.9 yrs | £6,660 |
| 7 kW | 6479 kWh | 4859 kWh | 1620 kWh | £1,347 | £162 | £1,509 | £21,242 | 14.1 yrs | £8,937 |
| 8 kW | 7404 kWh | 5553 kWh | 1851 kWh | £1,539 | £185 | £1,725 | £23,276 | 13.5 yrs | £11,214 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,094, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1851 kWh | 1425 kWh | 426 kWh | £395 | £43 | £438 | £13,519 | 30.9 yrs | £-4,765 |
| 3 kW | 2777 kWh | 2138 kWh | 639 kWh | £593 | £64 | £657 | £15,554 | 23.7 yrs | £-2,423 |
| 4 kW | 3702 kWh | 2851 kWh | 852 kWh | £790 | £85 | £875 | £17,588 | 20.1 yrs | £-81 |
| 5 kW | 4628 kWh | 3563 kWh | 1064 kWh | £988 | £106 | £1,094 | £19,623 | 17.9 yrs | £2,262 |
| 6 kW | 5553 kWh | 4276 kWh | 1277 kWh | £1,185 | £128 | £1,313 | £21,657 | 16.5 yrs | £4,604 |
| 7 kW | 6479 kWh | 4989 kWh | 1490 kWh | £1,383 | £149 | £1,532 | £23,692 | 15.5 yrs | £6,946 |
| 8 kW | 7404 kWh | 5701 kWh | 1703 kWh | £1,580 | £170 | £1,751 | £25,726 | 14.7 yrs | £9,289 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.