A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 920 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.7p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £786, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1839 kWh | 736 kWh | 1104 kWh | £204 | £110 | £314 | £4,069 | 12.9 yrs | £2,217 |
| 3 kW | 2759 kWh | 1104 kWh | 1655 kWh | £306 | £166 | £471 | £6,104 | 12.9 yrs | £3,326 |
| 4 kW | 3679 kWh | 1472 kWh | 2207 kWh | £408 | £221 | £629 | £8,138 | 12.9 yrs | £4,435 |
| 5 kW | 4599 kWh | 1839 kWh | 2759 kWh | £510 | £276 | £786 | £10,173 | 12.9 yrs | £5,543 |
| 6 kW | 5518 kWh | 2207 kWh | 3311 kWh | £612 | £331 | £943 | £12,207 | 12.9 yrs | £6,652 |
| 7 kW | 6438 kWh | 2575 kWh | 3863 kWh | £714 | £386 | £1,100 | £14,242 | 12.9 yrs | £7,761 |
| 8 kW | 7358 kWh | 2943 kWh | 4415 kWh | £816 | £441 | £1,257 | £16,276 | 12.9 yrs | £8,870 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £949, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1839 kWh | 1104 kWh | 736 kWh | £306 | £74 | £380 | £6,169 | 16.3 yrs | £1,421 |
| 3 kW | 2759 kWh | 1655 kWh | 1104 kWh | £459 | £110 | £569 | £8,204 | 14.4 yrs | £3,182 |
| 4 kW | 3679 kWh | 2207 kWh | 1472 kWh | £612 | £147 | £759 | £10,238 | 13.5 yrs | £4,942 |
| 5 kW | 4599 kWh | 2759 kWh | 1839 kWh | £765 | £184 | £949 | £12,273 | 12.9 yrs | £6,703 |
| 6 kW | 5518 kWh | 3311 kWh | 2207 kWh | £918 | £221 | £1,139 | £14,307 | 12.6 yrs | £8,463 |
| 7 kW | 6438 kWh | 3863 kWh | 2575 kWh | £1,071 | £258 | £1,328 | £16,342 | 12.3 yrs | £10,224 |
| 8 kW | 7358 kWh | 4415 kWh | 2943 kWh | £1,224 | £294 | £1,518 | £18,376 | 12.1 yrs | £11,985 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,030, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1839 kWh | 1288 kWh | 552 kWh | £357 | £55 | £412 | £7,569 | 18.4 yrs | £673 |
| 3 kW | 2759 kWh | 1931 kWh | 828 kWh | £535 | £83 | £618 | £9,604 | 15.5 yrs | £2,760 |
| 4 kW | 3679 kWh | 2575 kWh | 1104 kWh | £714 | £110 | £824 | £11,638 | 14.1 yrs | £4,846 |
| 5 kW | 4599 kWh | 3219 kWh | 1380 kWh | £892 | £138 | £1,030 | £13,673 | 13.3 yrs | £6,933 |
| 6 kW | 5518 kWh | 3863 kWh | 1655 kWh | £1,071 | £166 | £1,236 | £15,707 | 12.7 yrs | £9,019 |
| 7 kW | 6438 kWh | 4507 kWh | 1931 kWh | £1,249 | £193 | £1,442 | £17,742 | 12.3 yrs | £11,106 |
| 8 kW | 7358 kWh | 5150 kWh | 2207 kWh | £1,428 | £221 | £1,648 | £19,776 | 12.0 yrs | £13,192 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,055, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1839 kWh | 1343 kWh | 497 kWh | £372 | £50 | £422 | £9,319 | 22.1 yrs | £-881 |
| 3 kW | 2759 kWh | 2014 kWh | 745 kWh | £558 | £74 | £633 | £11,354 | 17.9 yrs | £1,303 |
| 4 kW | 3679 kWh | 2686 kWh | 993 kWh | £744 | £99 | £844 | £13,388 | 15.9 yrs | £3,487 |
| 5 kW | 4599 kWh | 3357 kWh | 1242 kWh | £931 | £124 | £1,055 | £15,423 | 14.6 yrs | £5,672 |
| 6 kW | 5518 kWh | 4028 kWh | 1490 kWh | £1,117 | £149 | £1,266 | £17,457 | 13.8 yrs | £7,856 |
| 7 kW | 6438 kWh | 4700 kWh | 1738 kWh | £1,303 | £174 | £1,477 | £19,492 | 13.2 yrs | £10,040 |
| 8 kW | 7358 kWh | 5371 kWh | 1987 kWh | £1,489 | £199 | £1,688 | £21,526 | 12.8 yrs | £12,224 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,071, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1839 kWh | 1380 kWh | 460 kWh | £382 | £46 | £428 | £11,069 | 25.8 yrs | £-2,501 |
| 3 kW | 2759 kWh | 2069 kWh | 690 kWh | £574 | £69 | £643 | £13,104 | 20.4 yrs | £-252 |
| 4 kW | 3679 kWh | 2759 kWh | 920 kWh | £765 | £92 | £857 | £15,138 | 17.7 yrs | £1,998 |
| 5 kW | 4599 kWh | 3449 kWh | 1150 kWh | £956 | £115 | £1,071 | £17,173 | 16.0 yrs | £4,247 |
| 6 kW | 5518 kWh | 4139 kWh | 1380 kWh | £1,147 | £138 | £1,285 | £19,207 | 14.9 yrs | £6,497 |
| 7 kW | 6438 kWh | 4828 kWh | 1609 kWh | £1,338 | £161 | £1,499 | £21,242 | 14.2 yrs | £8,746 |
| 8 kW | 7358 kWh | 5518 kWh | 1839 kWh | £1,530 | £184 | £1,714 | £23,276 | 13.6 yrs | £10,996 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,087, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1839 kWh | 1416 kWh | 423 kWh | £393 | £42 | £435 | £13,519 | 31.1 yrs | £-4,821 |
| 3 kW | 2759 kWh | 2125 kWh | 635 kWh | £589 | £63 | £652 | £15,554 | 23.8 yrs | £-2,506 |
| 4 kW | 3679 kWh | 2833 kWh | 846 kWh | £785 | £85 | £870 | £17,588 | 20.2 yrs | £-191 |
| 5 kW | 4599 kWh | 3541 kWh | 1058 kWh | £982 | £106 | £1,087 | £19,623 | 18.0 yrs | £2,123 |
| 6 kW | 5518 kWh | 4249 kWh | 1269 kWh | £1,178 | £127 | £1,305 | £21,657 | 16.6 yrs | £4,438 |
| 7 kW | 6438 kWh | 4957 kWh | 1481 kWh | £1,374 | £148 | £1,522 | £23,692 | 15.6 yrs | £6,753 |
| 8 kW | 7358 kWh | 5665 kWh | 1692 kWh | £1,570 | £169 | £1,740 | £25,726 | 14.8 yrs | £9,068 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.