A typical roof here lands around 3.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 991 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £805, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1981 kWh | 792 kWh | 1189 kWh | £203 | £119 | £322 | £4,069 | 12.6 yrs | £2,371 |
| 3 kW | 2972 kWh | 1189 kWh | 1783 kWh | £305 | £178 | £483 | £6,104 | 12.6 yrs | £3,556 |
| 4 kW | 3962 kWh | 1585 kWh | 2377 kWh | £406 | £238 | £644 | £8,138 | 12.6 yrs | £4,741 |
| 5 kW | 4953 kWh | 1981 kWh | 2972 kWh | £508 | £297 | £805 | £10,173 | 12.6 yrs | £5,927 |
| 6 kW | 5944 kWh | 2377 kWh | 3566 kWh | £609 | £357 | £966 | £12,207 | 12.6 yrs | £7,112 |
| 7 kW | 6934 kWh | 2774 kWh | 4161 kWh | £711 | £416 | £1,127 | £14,242 | 12.6 yrs | £8,298 |
| 8 kW | 7925 kWh | 3170 kWh | 4755 kWh | £812 | £475 | £1,288 | £16,276 | 12.6 yrs | £9,483 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £960, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1981 kWh | 1189 kWh | 792 kWh | £305 | £79 | £384 | £6,169 | 16.1 yrs | £1,509 |
| 3 kW | 2972 kWh | 1783 kWh | 1189 kWh | £457 | £119 | £576 | £8,204 | 14.2 yrs | £3,314 |
| 4 kW | 3962 kWh | 2377 kWh | 1585 kWh | £609 | £158 | £768 | £10,238 | 13.3 yrs | £5,119 |
| 5 kW | 4953 kWh | 2972 kWh | 1981 kWh | £762 | £198 | £960 | £12,273 | 12.8 yrs | £6,923 |
| 6 kW | 5944 kWh | 3566 kWh | 2377 kWh | £914 | £238 | £1,152 | £14,307 | 12.4 yrs | £8,728 |
| 7 kW | 6934 kWh | 4161 kWh | 2774 kWh | £1,066 | £277 | £1,344 | £16,342 | 12.2 yrs | £10,533 |
| 8 kW | 7925 kWh | 4755 kWh | 3170 kWh | £1,219 | £317 | £1,536 | £18,376 | 12.0 yrs | £12,338 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,037, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1981 kWh | 1387 kWh | 594 kWh | £355 | £59 | £415 | £7,569 | 18.2 yrs | £729 |
| 3 kW | 2972 kWh | 2080 kWh | 892 kWh | £533 | £89 | £622 | £9,604 | 15.4 yrs | £2,843 |
| 4 kW | 3962 kWh | 2774 kWh | 1189 kWh | £711 | £119 | £830 | £11,638 | 14.0 yrs | £4,957 |
| 5 kW | 4953 kWh | 3467 kWh | 1486 kWh | £889 | £149 | £1,037 | £13,673 | 13.2 yrs | £7,072 |
| 6 kW | 5944 kWh | 4161 kWh | 1783 kWh | £1,066 | £178 | £1,245 | £15,707 | 12.6 yrs | £9,186 |
| 7 kW | 6934 kWh | 4854 kWh | 2080 kWh | £1,244 | £208 | £1,452 | £17,742 | 12.2 yrs | £11,301 |
| 8 kW | 7925 kWh | 5547 kWh | 2377 kWh | £1,422 | £238 | £1,660 | £19,776 | 11.9 yrs | £13,415 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,060, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1981 kWh | 1446 kWh | 535 kWh | £371 | £53 | £424 | £9,319 | 22.0 yrs | £-835 |
| 3 kW | 2972 kWh | 2169 kWh | 802 kWh | £556 | £80 | £636 | £11,354 | 17.8 yrs | £1,372 |
| 4 kW | 3962 kWh | 2893 kWh | 1070 kWh | £741 | £107 | £848 | £13,388 | 15.8 yrs | £3,579 |
| 5 kW | 4953 kWh | 3616 kWh | 1337 kWh | £927 | £134 | £1,060 | £15,423 | 14.5 yrs | £5,786 |
| 6 kW | 5944 kWh | 4339 kWh | 1605 kWh | £1,112 | £160 | £1,273 | £17,457 | 13.7 yrs | £7,994 |
| 7 kW | 6934 kWh | 5062 kWh | 1872 kWh | £1,297 | £187 | £1,485 | £19,492 | 13.1 yrs | £10,201 |
| 8 kW | 7925 kWh | 5785 kWh | 2140 kWh | £1,483 | £214 | £1,697 | £21,526 | 12.7 yrs | £12,408 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,076, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1981 kWh | 1486 kWh | 495 kWh | £381 | £50 | £430 | £11,069 | 25.7 yrs | £-2,462 |
| 3 kW | 2972 kWh | 2229 kWh | 743 kWh | £571 | £74 | £646 | £13,104 | 20.3 yrs | £-192 |
| 4 kW | 3962 kWh | 2972 kWh | 991 kWh | £762 | £99 | £861 | £15,138 | 17.6 yrs | £2,077 |
| 5 kW | 4953 kWh | 3715 kWh | 1238 kWh | £952 | £124 | £1,076 | £17,173 | 16.0 yrs | £4,346 |
| 6 kW | 5944 kWh | 4458 kWh | 1486 kWh | £1,143 | £149 | £1,291 | £19,207 | 14.9 yrs | £6,615 |
| 7 kW | 6934 kWh | 5201 kWh | 1734 kWh | £1,333 | £173 | £1,506 | £21,242 | 14.1 yrs | £8,884 |
| 8 kW | 7925 kWh | 5944 kWh | 1981 kWh | £1,523 | £198 | £1,721 | £23,276 | 13.5 yrs | £11,154 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,091, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1981 kWh | 1526 kWh | 456 kWh | £391 | £46 | £437 | £13,519 | 31.0 yrs | £-4,788 |
| 3 kW | 2972 kWh | 2288 kWh | 684 kWh | £586 | £68 | £655 | £15,554 | 23.8 yrs | £-2,457 |
| 4 kW | 3962 kWh | 3051 kWh | 911 kWh | £782 | £91 | £873 | £17,588 | 20.1 yrs | £-125 |
| 5 kW | 4953 kWh | 3814 kWh | 1139 kWh | £977 | £114 | £1,091 | £19,623 | 18.0 yrs | £2,206 |
| 6 kW | 5944 kWh | 4577 kWh | 1367 kWh | £1,173 | £137 | £1,310 | £21,657 | 16.5 yrs | £4,537 |
| 7 kW | 6934 kWh | 5339 kWh | 1595 kWh | £1,368 | £159 | £1,528 | £23,692 | 15.5 yrs | £6,868 |
| 8 kW | 7925 kWh | 6102 kWh | 1823 kWh | £1,564 | £182 | £1,746 | £25,726 | 14.7 yrs | £9,199 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.