A typical roof here lands around 3.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 991 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £805, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1982 kWh | 793 kWh | 1189 kWh | £203 | £119 | £322 | £4,069 | 12.6 yrs | £2,372 |
| 3 kW | 2973 kWh | 1189 kWh | 1784 kWh | £305 | £178 | £483 | £6,104 | 12.6 yrs | £3,558 |
| 4 kW | 3963 kWh | 1585 kWh | 2378 kWh | £406 | £238 | £644 | £8,138 | 12.6 yrs | £4,745 |
| 5 kW | 4954 kWh | 1982 kWh | 2973 kWh | £508 | £297 | £805 | £10,173 | 12.6 yrs | £5,931 |
| 6 kW | 5945 kWh | 2378 kWh | 3567 kWh | £609 | £357 | £966 | £12,207 | 12.6 yrs | £7,117 |
| 7 kW | 6936 kWh | 2774 kWh | 4162 kWh | £711 | £416 | £1,127 | £14,242 | 12.6 yrs | £8,303 |
| 8 kW | 7927 kWh | 3171 kWh | 4756 kWh | £813 | £476 | £1,288 | £16,276 | 12.6 yrs | £9,489 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £960, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1982 kWh | 1189 kWh | 793 kWh | £305 | £79 | £384 | £6,169 | 16.1 yrs | £1,511 |
| 3 kW | 2973 kWh | 1784 kWh | 1189 kWh | £457 | £119 | £576 | £8,204 | 14.2 yrs | £3,317 |
| 4 kW | 3963 kWh | 2378 kWh | 1585 kWh | £609 | £159 | £768 | £10,238 | 13.3 yrs | £5,123 |
| 5 kW | 4954 kWh | 2973 kWh | 1982 kWh | £762 | £198 | £960 | £12,273 | 12.8 yrs | £6,928 |
| 6 kW | 5945 kWh | 3567 kWh | 2378 kWh | £914 | £238 | £1,152 | £14,307 | 12.4 yrs | £8,734 |
| 7 kW | 6936 kWh | 4162 kWh | 2774 kWh | £1,067 | £277 | £1,344 | £16,342 | 12.2 yrs | £10,539 |
| 8 kW | 7927 kWh | 4756 kWh | 3171 kWh | £1,219 | £317 | £1,536 | £18,376 | 12.0 yrs | £12,345 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,037, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1982 kWh | 1387 kWh | 595 kWh | £356 | £59 | £415 | £7,569 | 18.2 yrs | £731 |
| 3 kW | 2973 kWh | 2081 kWh | 892 kWh | £533 | £89 | £622 | £9,604 | 15.4 yrs | £2,846 |
| 4 kW | 3963 kWh | 2774 kWh | 1189 kWh | £711 | £119 | £830 | £11,638 | 14.0 yrs | £4,961 |
| 5 kW | 4954 kWh | 3468 kWh | 1486 kWh | £889 | £149 | £1,037 | £13,673 | 13.2 yrs | £7,077 |
| 6 kW | 5945 kWh | 4162 kWh | 1784 kWh | £1,067 | £178 | £1,245 | £15,707 | 12.6 yrs | £9,192 |
| 7 kW | 6936 kWh | 4855 kWh | 2081 kWh | £1,244 | £208 | £1,452 | £17,742 | 12.2 yrs | £11,308 |
| 8 kW | 7927 kWh | 5549 kWh | 2378 kWh | £1,422 | £238 | £1,660 | £19,776 | 11.9 yrs | £13,423 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,061, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1982 kWh | 1447 kWh | 535 kWh | £371 | £54 | £424 | £9,319 | 22.0 yrs | £-833 |
| 3 kW | 2973 kWh | 2170 kWh | 803 kWh | £556 | £80 | £636 | £11,354 | 17.8 yrs | £1,375 |
| 4 kW | 3963 kWh | 2893 kWh | 1070 kWh | £742 | £107 | £849 | £13,388 | 15.8 yrs | £3,583 |
| 5 kW | 4954 kWh | 3617 kWh | 1338 kWh | £927 | £134 | £1,061 | £15,423 | 14.5 yrs | £5,791 |
| 6 kW | 5945 kWh | 4340 kWh | 1605 kWh | £1,112 | £161 | £1,273 | £17,457 | 13.7 yrs | £8,000 |
| 7 kW | 6936 kWh | 5063 kWh | 1873 kWh | £1,298 | £187 | £1,485 | £19,492 | 13.1 yrs | £10,208 |
| 8 kW | 7927 kWh | 5787 kWh | 2140 kWh | £1,483 | £214 | £1,697 | £21,526 | 12.7 yrs | £12,416 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,076, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1982 kWh | 1486 kWh | 495 kWh | £381 | £50 | £430 | £11,069 | 25.7 yrs | £-2,460 |
| 3 kW | 2973 kWh | 2229 kWh | 743 kWh | £571 | £74 | £646 | £13,104 | 20.3 yrs | £-189 |
| 4 kW | 3963 kWh | 2973 kWh | 991 kWh | £762 | £99 | £861 | £15,138 | 17.6 yrs | £2,081 |
| 5 kW | 4954 kWh | 3716 kWh | 1239 kWh | £952 | £124 | £1,076 | £17,173 | 16.0 yrs | £4,351 |
| 6 kW | 5945 kWh | 4459 kWh | 1486 kWh | £1,143 | £149 | £1,291 | £19,207 | 14.9 yrs | £6,621 |
| 7 kW | 6936 kWh | 5202 kWh | 1734 kWh | £1,333 | £173 | £1,507 | £21,242 | 14.1 yrs | £8,892 |
| 8 kW | 7927 kWh | 5945 kWh | 1982 kWh | £1,524 | £198 | £1,722 | £23,276 | 13.5 yrs | £11,162 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,092, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1982 kWh | 1526 kWh | 456 kWh | £391 | £46 | £437 | £13,519 | 31.0 yrs | £-4,786 |
| 3 kW | 2973 kWh | 2289 kWh | 684 kWh | £587 | £68 | £655 | £15,554 | 23.7 yrs | £-2,453 |
| 4 kW | 3963 kWh | 3052 kWh | 912 kWh | £782 | £91 | £873 | £17,588 | 20.1 yrs | £-121 |
| 5 kW | 4954 kWh | 3815 kWh | 1139 kWh | £978 | £114 | £1,092 | £19,623 | 18.0 yrs | £2,211 |
| 6 kW | 5945 kWh | 4578 kWh | 1367 kWh | £1,173 | £137 | £1,310 | £21,657 | 16.5 yrs | £4,543 |
| 7 kW | 6936 kWh | 5341 kWh | 1595 kWh | £1,369 | £160 | £1,528 | £23,692 | 15.5 yrs | £6,875 |
| 8 kW | 7927 kWh | 6104 kWh | 1823 kWh | £1,564 | £182 | £1,747 | £25,726 | 14.7 yrs | £9,207 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.